Browse 6,486 peer-reviewed studies on electromagnetic field health effects from 4 research libraries.
Showing 2,339 studies (Human Studies)
Unknown authors
Researchers exposed marrow cells from three leukemia patients in remission to 2450 MHz continuous-wave microwaves at four power levels for 15 minutes. Sham exposures used the same chamber without microwave power. Colony formation was significantly reduced at 500 and 1000 mW/cm2 but not at lower power levels.
H. C. Gloz
Tests on 15 patients using Siemens tube senders showed a lumbar fluid pressure rise from 5 to 52 mm that remained after the current was turned off. The most effective electrode distance was 25 mm with Schliephake electrodes. In two-thirds of cases systolic blood pressure dropped to 20 mm while diastolic pressure stayed constant. Retinal examination revealed venous filling and coiling within 30 seconds, arterial dilation by 1-2 minutes, and these vascular changes persisted for 1-2 hours after exposure.
I.A. Marriott, M.A. Stuchly
Surveys report a high incidence of eye-related complaints among VDU operators, though eyestrain is not recognized as a clinical entity. Reflections from external light sources are the most common and serious factor degrading screen image quality. Adjustable furniture reduces musculoskeletal complaints, but a preferred posture remains undefined. Physical complaints about VDUs are inversely related to job satisfaction.
Unknown authors
The Department of Health, Education and Welfare reported that implanted pacemaker dysfunction has been observed near electrocautery, radar, communications systems, electric shavers, spark coils, and gasoline ignition systems. The Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation stated that interference signals mimicking a heartbeat can be misinterpreted by pacemakers and change their output. Even microwave ovens complying with leakage limits of 0.0001 mW/cm2 at 5cm may cause electromagnetic interference within a few meters.
Russell L. Carpenter
Unknown authors
Researchers used prolate spheroid and ellipsoidal models to estimate electromagnetic power absorption in adult and infant human heads. A perturbation technique evaluated internal electric fields to estimate time-averaged and space-averaged specific absorbed power. The study compared results with animal experimental data and concluded ellipsoidal models are better than spheroid and sphere types.
Unknown authors
Unknown authors
The paper reviews research on the ability of humans to perceive the natural electromagnetic fields of the earth and includes new data from interviews with sensitive persons. The review also references studies showing that animals and plants can orient to the earth's electromagnetic field. Sun Bear, an American Indian medicine man, reports seeing earth energy fields, and Dr. Valerie Hunt's studies indicate some people may see invisible fields as accurately as instrumentation. Dr. William Tiller proposes a model where the human nervous system acts as an antenna to detect exterior field changes.
Bryan Parker, Seymour Furman, Doris J. W. Escher
N. N. Goncharova, V. B. Karamyshev, N. V. Maksimenko
The paper examines occupational hygiene and effects of ultrashort wave electromagnetic fields on TV and radio station employees. Physiological investigations at workplaces found that operators servicing ultrashort wave transmitters exhibit functional changes in cardiovascular and central nervous systems during the day. The high-frequency electromagnetic field of considerable intensity was identified as an especially unfavorable factor. Protective and prophylactic measures are needed to improve work conditions.
Unknown authors
CARL H. SUTTON
The review covers recent advances in using microwaves and other RF radiations for physical diagnosis and cancer therapy. A diagnostic technique combining radiometric readings of endogenous infrared and microwave emissions detects breast cancer with accuracy equal to xero-mammography and poses no radiation risk. A therapeutic approach combining microwaves with X irradiation for malignant melanoma allows reduction of the ionizing radiation dose without losing therapeutic efficacy. These and other applications in clinical use or animal model trials are discussed alongside biomedical, regulatory, and economic problems slowing research and development.
Unknown authors
P. Lövsund, P.A. Öberg, S.E.G. Nilsson
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The study covered 94 patients. 86 of those patients achieved partial or complete symptomatic relief. Among 46 patients with before and after roentgenograms, observable absorption of calcium was seen in 42 cases. The authors concluded that sufficient evidence shows Diapulse PUHF energy is a valuable addition to the therapeutic armamentarium for rheumatic diseases.
Clyde E. Ingalls
Experiments showed that radar transmitters operating at 1, 3, and 10 k Mc/sec could be heard. The hearing occurred without using the ear, as window screening blocked the sound but placing the ear through a hole in the screen did not restore it, while only a spot on the head above the forehead allowed perception. The author concluded that neither air nor bone conduction explains the effect and that direct nervous system involvement is more likely.
J. D. Hardy, D. Murgatroyd
Pain reports were predictably related to skin temperature at the end of exposure, not to irradiance or exposure time alone. On the face, pain threshold temperature did not change significantly with area size, varying between subjects from 43.3°C to 46.9°C. Whole anterior or posterior body exposure lowered the pain threshold to about 43°C and was described as intolerable.
Arne Eriksson, Kjell Hansson Mild
HADUCH, S
The study was titled “Research into the influence of high frequency electromagnetic field on human body” and was conducted by Stanislaw Haduch and Stonislaw Baranski in 1960. Researchers examined peripheral blood by determining the number of erythrocytes and leukocytes and their percentage proportions. Exposed animals developed fever and died within a few days, with temperatures from 41.0 to 41.8°C.
Unknown authors
John Roman
Animal experiments have largely been performed using small fur-bearing animals such as mice, rabbits and dogs, but results are difficult to extrapolate to humans. The eye and the testis are the two body organs most seriously affected by heat. Due to overheating, the eye may develop opacities or cataracts, and these are irreversible, while damage to the testis induces temporary sterility.
Unknown authors
Researchers developed a new radio frequency device that allows uniform heating to any depth without surface injury. In 52 human tumors evaluated, temperatures above 42°C occurred in 81%, above 45°C in 44%, and above 50°C in 37%, while surface and adjacent normal tissues remained at physiologic temperatures. Previous methods caused surface burns in humans with thick subcutaneous tissue despite surface cooling.
Unknown authors
The extended-boundary-condition method (EBCM) has been used with prolate spheroid models of man and animals to generate much of the theoretical data used in the current dosimetry handbook. When large a/b ratios (typical of man) or large magnitude permittivities are used with the EBCM, the matrix becomes ill-conditioned, thus disallowing calculations above a certain maximum frequency. Researchers followed the algorithm of Golub and Reinsch to develop a FORTRAN program for inversion of ill-conditioned complex matrices, which appeared significantly more stable than standard matrix inversion procedures.
Unknown authors
Researchers compared threshold values for magnetophosphenes and electrophosphenes in ten visually normal volunteers using magnetic flux densities up to 40 mT and electric currents up to 0.3 mA at frequencies from 10 to 50 Hz. Thresholds were measured at a retinal luminance of 3 cd/m2 under both broad-spectrum and 572 nm background illumination. The threshold curves were nearly identical up to about 20 Hz but diverged at higher frequencies. Magnetophosphene thresholds showed a local sensitivity minimum at 30-35 Hz that was not present in electrophosphene thresholds at any of three electrode sites.
Unknown authors
Researchers investigated electromagnetic emissions from the human body across the frequency region 10^3 Hz - 2-10^9 Hz using tunable radiometers. They found that the body acts as a purely thermal radiator down to about 10^4 Hz, with radiation temperature equal to body temperature at all tested positions above that frequency. Below 10^4 Hz, emissions exceeded thermal levels and varied with electrode type, location, and muscle state, peaking with coaxial needle electrodes in contracted muscle.