Unknown authors · 2015
Researchers used a quasi-experimental design with two pretests before and two posttests after a new high-voltage power line began operation. Residents living within 300 meters, 300-500 meters, and 500-2000 meters of the line participated. Symptom reports and causal beliefs increased significantly more in the closest group compared to those farther away. At baseline, symptom reports were similar across groups, but belief that power lines cause symptoms was already stronger among nearby residents.
Unknown authors · 2015
Unknown authors · 2015
The study assessed extremely low-frequency magnetic fields at electric substations of a petrochemical complex in southern Iran using a single-axis HI-3604 device. Magnetic fields were measured in three axes (x, y, z) with the resultant value used as the magnetic field value, following IEEE std 644-1994. Maximum magnetic flux density was 49.90 μT at the boiler substation and minimum was 0.02 μT at the control room. Simulation using MATLAB software identified spaces around incoming panels, transformers, and cables as hazardous zones.
Unknown authors · 2015
The paper describes the cryptochrome hypothesis, which suggests that weak 50/60 Hz magnetic fields could disrupt circadian rhythms by affecting cryptochrome clock function. The hypothesis rests on the premise that Earth-strength static magnetic fields alter the redox balance of cryptochromes and possibly their signaling state.
Tomitsch J, Dechant E et al · 2015
In revisited households, median ELF electric fields decreased from 23.20 V/m in 2006 to 13.90 V/m in 2012, median all-night ELF magnetic fields at 50 Hz decreased from 13.50 to 11.37 nT, and median total RF-EMFs increased from 28.13 to 52.16 µW/m². The highest RF-EMF increases were for UMTS and WLAN, urban areas had higher median total RF-EMFs (117.73 µW/m²) than rural areas (34.52 µW/m²), and LTE at 2600 MHz was detected at 17 locations up to 38.20 µW/m². Indoor sources showed decreased exposure in the DECT frequency range and increased exposure in the WLAN frequency range.
Eltiti S et al · 2015
Researchers aggregated data from two previous double-blind provocation studies to test whether base station EMF exposure affects well-being in people with IEI-EMF and controls. In open provocation trials, 102 IEI-EMF and 237 control participants took part, and 88 IEI-EMF and 231 controls completed double-blind trials with GSM/UMTS or TETRA signals and a sham condition. IEI-EMF participants reported lower well-being during real versus sham exposure in open provocation but not in double-blind trials, and well-being was lower in high-load versus low-load trials regardless of EMF exposure.
Gryz K et al · 2015
Researchers modeled personal exposimeters measuring electric fields from 98–2450 MHz using a human body model and finite integration technique software. Calculations with 256 exposure scenarios showed the human body causes measurement errors from −96% to +133% compared to unperturbed fields. Placing a single exposimeter on the waist to the back side of the human body or on the front of the chest reduces the range of exposure assessment uncertainty across various conditions. Uncertainty using a single exposimeter remains significantly higher than spot measurements of unperturbed fields.
Unknown authors · 2015
Unknown authors · 2015
Researchers conducted an Israeli national survey of occupational radiofrequency field levels between 100 kHz and 40 GHz across 25 occupations. They recorded almost 4300 measurements from 900 sources and categorized exposures as routine, incidental, or unintended. The geometric mean of routine exposures was below 1% of ACGIH threshold limit values for most occupations, but walkie-talkie, induction heating, plastic welding, industrial heating, and diathermy workers had higher percentages. Incidental and unintended exposures exceeded the TLV for one and 14 occupations respectively. Walkie-talkie workers dominated collective exposure, accounting for 96.3% of the total.
Unknown authors · 2015
The review examines policy and advisory responses to children's RF-EMF exposure from a wide variety of sources. It categorizes approaches ranging from ICNIRP/IEEE guidelines stating no extra precautions needed to precautionary standards with much lower exposure limits and extensive advice. The wide range of policy approaches can be confusing for parents and carers of children. The author recommends minimum exposure of children to RF-EMF, noting this does not indicate a need for alarm but mirrors routine health-and-safety precautions.
Unknown authors · 2015
Researchers measured indoor radiofrequency exposure at 343 locations in Hebron. The maximum total power density was about 2.3 × 10 W m with an exposure quotient of about 0.01, well below the ICNIRP limit. FM radio contributed 46% of the exposure quotient, GSM900 26%, DECT phones 15%, WLAN 9%, unknown sources 3%, and TV broadcasting 1%.
Kottou S et al. · 2015
Researchers measured electromagnetic fields in indoor dwellings across Attica, Lesvos, and Zakynthos, taking 4540 measurements from 50 Hz to 2100 MHz. Significant differences in electric field values were also found between geographic locations. RF electric field maximums were mostly below 0.5 V/m but occasionally reached up to 5.6 V/m, while ELF magnetic fields stayed below 1 μT. The study states that it may be concluded that overall the observed indoor EMF intensity values remained well below domestic and European established limits.
Gurbuz N, Sirav B, Kuzay D, Ozer C, Seyhan N. · 2015
The study aimed to evaluate the relationship between micronuclei frequency and RF radiation in exfoliated bladder cells of diabetic and non-diabetic rats using three groups of six animals each. The RF exposure was 2100 MHz with a whole-body average SAR of 0.24 W/kg and an ERMS field of 17.5 V/m at non-thermal levels. No statistically significant differences in micronuclei frequency were found between any of the groups, including between RF-exposed diabetic rats and non-exposed diabetic rats, and between RF-exposed diabetic rats and non-diabetic controls. The authors concluded that the study suggested no possible genotoxic effects of RF radiation in humans, especially those with chronic disorders such as diabetes.
Dabouis V et al. · 2015
Researchers studied causes of death among 57,000 French Navy personnel on surface vessels from 1975 to 2000. They compared mortality between radar-exposed and control groups defined by on-board workplace. Overall mortality was similar in both groups with a relative risk of 1.00. Cancer mortality also showed no increase with a relative risk of 0.92. The authors noted the number of deaths was very small for some cancer sites.
Zheng F et al. · 2015
Fatigue was significantly associated with years of MP usage and daily duration of MP calls, while headache was significantly associated with daily duration of MP calls. After adjusting for confounders, only the association between fatigue and MP usage remained statistically significant, and no significant association was found between MP use and other physical symptoms.
Singh S, Mani KV, Kapoor N. · 2015
Sieroń-Stołtny K et al. · 2015
Researchers exposed male rats to 900 MHz mobile phone electromagnetic field for 28 days and measured bone size, mechanical properties, mineral content, and bone turnover markers. The authors concluded that the field does not directly affect bone size but alters bone mineralization and turnover processes, influencing mechanical strength.
Saghiri MA, Orangi J, Asatourian A, Mehriar P, Sheibani N · 2015
Fifty healthy patients with fixed orthodontic appliances gave saliva samples after a week without using their mobile phones. They then recorded their mobile phone usage for a week and gave a second saliva sample. The study found a significant difference in nickel levels between the control and experimental periods. The amount of nickel released correlated with the duration of mobile phone use.
Paffi A, Apollonio F, Pinto R, Liberti M. · 2015
Previous studies identified train compartments as places where people experience the highest radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure levels, still below international guideline limits. The researchers reproduced a possible train compartment scenario and characterized it both numerically and experimentally. Results showed that higher exposure values in specific positions depend on the number of active cell phones, bad coverage condition, cell orientation, and metallic walls. The study shows the scenario-based approach may efficiently support individual electromagnetic exposure assessment. Good agreement was found between simulated electric field distributions and measurements.
Misa-Agustiño MJ et al. · 2015
Fifty-six rats were individually exposed once or repeatedly for 30 minutes to 2.45 GHz radiation at different non-thermal SARs calculated by finite difference time domain technique. The diathermy model applied maximum exposure to the left front leg to study radiation effects on nearby thyroid tissue. Immunohistochemistry was used to examine HSP-90 expression and morphological changes in thyroid tissue. Ninety minutes after highest SAR exposure, central and peripheral follicles increased in size; twenty-four hours after 12 W exposure, peripheral follicles were smaller; and repeated 3 W exposure increased peripheral follicle size.
Li C et al. · 2015
The study created a 12-month-old male whole body model and a 17-month-old male head model from magnetic resonance images. The whole body model contained 28 tissues and the head model contained 30 tissues, both at 1 mm spatial resolution. Model validation showed a maximum 18% deviation in tissue mass compared to International Commission on Radiological Protection data. Dosimetric comparison with various adult and child anatomical models was conducted, and significant differences in the physical and anatomical features between adult and child models demonstrated the importance of creating realistic infant models. Current safety guidelines for infant exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields may not be conservative.
Klaps A, Ponocny I, Winker R, Kundi M, Auersperg F, Barth A. · 2015
Researchers conducted a meta-analysis based on 17 studies. Double-blind studies found no effects on human well-being. Field or unblinded studies clearly showed effects on well-being. The authors concluded that this provides evidence for nocebo effects. They also stated that effects of mobile phone base stations seem unlikely, but nocebo effects occur.
Geronikolou SA et al. · 2015
Aydoğan F et al. · 2015
Mucociliary clearance was measured by rhinoscintigraphy and nasal tissue was examined with a transmission electron microscope. The researchers concluded that the radiation damaged the nasal septal mucosa and disturbed mucociliary clearance, with ciliary disorganization and loss causing the deterioration.
Aerts S, Plets D, Thielens A, Martens L, Joseph W. · 2015
Researchers assessed RF-EMF exposure of a mobile-phone user connected to either an outdoor macrocell or an in-train small cell while traveling on a train. The study used the absorbed-dose concept combining base station downlink exposure with mobile-phone uplink exposure. For GSM at 1800 MHz, connecting to a small cell reduced brain exposure by a factor of 35 and whole-body exposure by a factor of 11.
