Sırav B, Seyhan N · 2016
Researchers used young adult male and female Wistar albino rats to investigate whether pulse modulated 900 MHz and 1800 MHz radio-frequency radiation affects the permeability of the blood-brain barrier. Permeability was measured by quantifying Evans blue dye that passed into the brain after intravenous injection. In both male radio-frequency radiation exposed groups, blood-brain barrier permeability was found to be increased compared with controls, with 1800 MHz found more effective in males. For female rats, 900 MHz exposure was associated with increased permeability, but no statistical difference was found between the 1800 MHz exposed and control groups.
Nirwane A, Sridhar V, Majumdar A · 2016
Yoon S, Choi JW, Lee E, Ahn H, Kim HS, Choi HD, Kim N. · 2015
Among ipsilateral users, the adjusted odds ratios for lifetime years of use and cumulative hours of use were 1.25 (95% CI 0.55 to 2.88) and 1.77 (95% CI 0.32 to 1.84), respectively. The authors concluded that the results do not support the hypothesis that mobile phone use increases glioma risk, but suggest further evaluation for long-term users.
Söderqvist F, Carlberg M, Hardell L · 2015
Researchers conducted a single-blinded randomized counterbalanced study with 24 healthy subjects aged 18–30 years who underwent three exposure conditions. The study tested whether microwaves from an 890-MHz phone-like signal at SAR10G of 2 W/kg and 0.2 W/kg versus sham gave acute effects on brain-shielding barriers using blood serum biomarkers. Over time, statistically significant variations were found for TTR and β-trace protein, but no difference was found between exposure conditions and no interaction between exposure condition and time of blood sampling. The study concluded it failed to show any acute clinically or statistically significant effect of short-term microwave exposure on serum levels of S100β, TTR, and β-trace protein with follow-up limited to two hours.
Shrestha M, Raitanen J, Salminen T, Lahkola A, Auvinen A · 2015
A case-control study in Finland included 80 pituitary tumor cases and 240 matched controls. Mobile phone use history was obtained via structured interview and analyzed with conditional logistic regression. Regular mobile phone users showed a reduced odds ratio of 0.39 (95% CI 0.21-0.72) compared to never or non-regular users, though the authors noted this may reflect methodological limitations. No increased risk was found after 10 or more years since first use (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.25-1.89), nor in relation to duration, cumulative hours, or cumulative number of calls, with similar results for analog and digital phones. The authors noted no excess risk for short- or medium-term use, but uncertainties remained for longer duration due to few participants reporting use beyond 10 years.
Schoeni A, Roser K, Röösli M. · 2015
In a cross-sectional study, 439 adolescents completed questionnaires about mobile phone use at night and health, and 233 provided operator-recorded use data. Standardized computerized cognitive tests assessed memory and concentration capacity. Adolescents who reported being awakened at least once a month had higher odds of daytime tiredness (OR 1.86) and rapid exhaustibility (OR 2.28). Similar associations were seen with objective operator-recorded data for tiredness (OR 1.63) and rapid exhaustibility (OR 2.32). Cognitive test performance was not related to nighttime mobile phone use.
Trunk A et al. · 2015
Researchers used a full factorial design with 25 participants performing a visual target detection task while recording reaction time and EEG. Target trials were divided into low and high probability sets based on the distance between consecutive targets. Caffeine further shortened reaction time in high-probability trials and decreased pre-target alpha amplitude, indicating higher arousal. UMTS exposure alone or combined with caffeine did not change reaction time or pre-stimulus oscillatory brain activity.
Sauter C et al. · 2015
Researchers conducted a double-blind cross-over study with 30 healthy young men exposed to TETRA signals at 1.5 W/kg and 6.0 W/kg and sham. Exposure lasted 2.5 hours at 385 MHz with specific absorption rates of 1.5 and 6.0 W/kg. Attention was unchanged in two of three tasks, while working memory showed significant changes in two of four subtasks. 5 out of 35 tested parameters showed significant results, four of which indicated improved performance. Mood, well-being, and subjective somatic complaints were not affected by TETRA exposure.
Malek F, Rani KA, Rahim HA, Omar MH · 2015
The study aimed to determine whether short-term exposure at 1 V/m to typical GSM and UMTS signals affects cognitive performance and physiological parameters. The sample included 200 subjects, with 50.0% reporting idiopathic environmental intolerance attributed to electromagnetic fields (IEI-EMF) and 50.0% non-IEI-EMF. No statistically significant differences were found between real exposure and sham exposure for cognitive performance or physiological effects in either group (P’s > 0.05).
Gupta N, Goyal D, Sharma R, Arora KS · 2015
The study aimed to evaluate the effects of long-term mobile phone usage on auditory brainstem evoked responses. Researchers conducted a retrospective cross-sectional case-control study with 100 healthy subjects aged 18 to 30, including 67 long-term GSM mobile phone users and 33 non-user controls. No significant difference was found in latencies, interpeak latencies, and amplitudes of ABR waves between the groups.
Zheng F et al. · 2015
Fatigue was significantly associated with years of MP usage and daily duration of MP calls, while headache was significantly associated with daily duration of MP calls. After adjusting for confounders, only the association between fatigue and MP usage remained statistically significant, and no significant association was found between MP use and other physical symptoms.
Nazıroğlu M, Özkan FF, Hapil SR, Ghazizadeh V, Çiğ B · 2015
Hossain MI, Faruque MRI, Islam MT. · 2015
Researchers used computer simulation to study how distance and angle between a human head model and a phone antenna affect specific absorption rate (SAR). Increasing the distance between the head model and antenna decreased SAR values. Increasing the inclination angle did not reduce SAR values in all cases. The study also examined the effect of a metal-glass phone casing on SAR near the head model. Antenna performance was checked by measuring return loss in all cases.
Geronikolou SA et al. · 2015
Exelmans L, Van den Bulck J. · 2015
Carlberg M, Hardell L. · 2015
Researchers conducted a pooled analysis of two case-control studies on meningioma diagnosed during 1997-2003 and 2007-2009. In the highest decile of use (>3,358 hours), odds ratios were 1.5 for mobile phones and 2.0 for cordless phones. No association was found for ipsilateral use or anatomical tumor location.
Aerts S, Plets D, Thielens A, Martens L, Joseph W. · 2015
Researchers assessed RF-EMF exposure of a mobile-phone user connected to either an outdoor macrocell or an in-train small cell while traveling on a train. The study used the absorbed-dose concept combining base station downlink exposure with mobile-phone uplink exposure. For GSM at 1800 MHz, connecting to a small cell reduced brain exposure by a factor of 35 and whole-body exposure by a factor of 11.
Schoeni A, Roser K, Röösli M · 2015
Researchers conducted a prospective cohort study with 439 adolescents who completed verbal and figural memory tasks at baseline and after one year. Wireless device use was assessed by questionnaire and operator recorded mobile phone use data for a subgroup of 234 adolescents, and RF-EMF dose measures for the brain and whole body were computed. Higher cumulative call duration and RF-EMF brain and whole-body doses were linked to lower figural memory scores. No exposure-response associations were observed for sending text messages and gaming, and memory change over one year was negatively associated with wireless phone use and more strongly with RF-EMF dose.
Furtado-Filho OV et al. · 2015
Researchers exposed young rats to 950 MHz ultra-high-frequency electromagnetic radiation to measure oxidative damage to DNA, proteins, and lipids in the left and right cerebral cortex. Radiation exposure lasted 30 minutes per day for up to 27 days, with a specific absorption rate ranging from 1.32 to 1.14 W/kg. In neonates, no modification of the biomarkers tested was detected, while 6-day-old exposed rats showed increased carbonylated proteins in the right cerebral cortex and decreased blood glucose. The researchers concluded that the elevated carbonylated proteins in the right cerebral cortex did not appear to be a consequence of oxidative stress.
Zuo WQ, Hu YJ, Yang Y, Zhao XY, Zhang YY, Kong W, Kong WJ. · 2015
Researchers used spiral ganglion neurons from neonatal Sprague Dawley rats to investigate whether inflammation might increase sensitivity to damage from mobile phone electromagnetic radiation. Radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation alone could not directly induce DNA damage in normal spiral ganglion neurons. The study suggests that sensitivity of spiral ganglion neurons to damage caused by mobile phone electromagnetic radiation may increase in a lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation model.
Roggeveen S, van Os J, Lousberg R · 2015
Researchers investigated whether third generation mobile phone radiation peaks produce event-related potentials in the brain. Thirty-one healthy females took part in a single-blind, cross-over design where a 15 minute mobile phone exposure was compared to two 15 minute sham phone conditions. When the phone was placed at the ear, an enlarged cortical reactivity was found in the frontal and central cortical regions, but not when it was placed at the heart.
Roggeveen S, van Os J, Viechtbauer W, Lousberg R · 2015
Researchers investigated whether placement of a 3G dialing mobile phone causes direct changes in EEG activity compared to placement of a sham phone. Thirty-one healthy females each participated on two days, with the phone placed at the ear on one day and the chest on the other. Significant radiation effects were found for the alpha, slow beta, fast beta, and gamma bands, with ear placement showing significant results and chest placement not.
Lee D, Lee J, Lee I. · 2015
Researchers tracked the movement of 10 pairs of guppies and 15 pairs of zebrafish in a fish tank under a cell phone-generated RF EMF. Fish locomotion was observed under normal conditions, in the visual presence of a cell phone, after feeding, and under starvation. Fish locomotor behavior was random both in normal conditions and in the presence of an off-signaled cell phone, but there were significant changes in locomotion after feeding under the RF EMF. The researchers also demonstrated that temperature elevation caused by the cell phone was not relevant to the observed effects.
Ghosn R et al. · 2015
Researchers recorded resting EEG in 26 healthy young subjects under sham and real RF exposure conditions in a double-blind, counterbalanced, crossover design. Compared with the sham session, the exposure session showed a statistically significant decrease of alpha band spectral power during the closed-eyes condition. This effect persisted in the postexposure session, and no significant changes were detected in electrode impedance, salivary cortisol, or caffeine between conditions.
Danker-Hopfe H et al. · 2015
Researchers conducted a double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled cross-over study to examine whether electromagnetic fields from GSM 900 and WCDMA/UMTS devices affected sleep. Thirty healthy young men between 18 and 30 years old were each exposed three times per exposure condition while their sleep was recorded. The only consistent finding across individuals was an increase of stage R sleep under GSM 900 MHz exposure in 9 of 30 subjects and under WCDMA/UMTS exposure in 10 of 30 subjects.
