3,138 Studies Reviewed. 77.4% Found Biological Effects. The Evidence is Clear.
Research Guide

WiFi in Schools: What Research Says About Children's Health

Based on 375 peer-reviewed studies

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Schools have rapidly adopted WiFi technology, exposing children to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields for 6-8 hours daily throughout their developmental years. This widespread exposure has prompted researchers to investigate potential health effects specific to children.

Children are not simply small adults when it comes to EMF exposure. Their skulls are thinner, their brain tissue has higher water content, and their nervous systems are still developing. These factors may make children more susceptible to any effects of RF-EMF exposure.

Here we examine the research on children, WiFi-frequency radiation, and health outcomes relevant to the school environment.

Key Research Findings

  • Children's brains absorb significantly more RF radiation than adult brains
  • Studies report effects on memory and attention in RF-exposed children
  • Cumulative exposure over school years raises unique considerations

Related Studies (375)

Radio FrequencyNo Effects Found

Cordless telephone use: implications for mobile phone research.

Redmayne M, Inyang I, Dimitriadis C, Benke G, Abramson MJ · 2010

Researchers studied the relationship between cordless phone and mobile phone use among 317 Australian teenagers. They found that students who used mobile phones frequently also tended to use cordless phones frequently, creating a strong correlation between the two types of radiofrequency exposure. This matters because most health studies only measure mobile phone exposure while ignoring cordless phones, potentially underestimating people's total RF radiation exposure.

Brain & Nervous SystemNo Effects Found

No effects of mobile phone use on cortical auditory change-detection in children: An ERP study.

Kwon MS et al. · 2010

Researchers tested whether cell phone radiation affects children's brain processing of sounds by placing GSM phones emitting 902 MHz signals next to 17 children's heads for 12 minutes while measuring brain activity. They found no statistically significant changes in the children's auditory processing abilities during exposure. However, the study was only large enough to detect major effects, meaning smaller impacts could have been missed.

Brain & Nervous SystemNo Effects Found

Use of mobile phones and changes in cognitive function in adolescents.

Thomas S et al. · 2010

Australian researchers followed 236 seventh-grade students for one year to see if mobile phone use affected their thinking abilities. They found some small changes in how quickly students responded to computer tests, but these changes were likely due to statistical variations rather than actual phone exposure effects. The study suggests that mobile phone use doesn't meaningfully impact cognitive function in adolescents over a one-year period.

Brain & Nervous SystemNo Effects Found

No effects of mobile phone use on cortical auditory change-detection in children: an ERP study

Kwon MS et al. · 2010

Researchers tested whether cell phone radiation affects children's ability to process sounds by measuring brain activity in 17 children aged 11-12 while they were exposed to 902 MHz signals from a GSM phone. The study found no significant changes in the brain's auditory processing or sound memory functions during short exposures (12 minutes total). However, the researchers noted their study could only detect large effects, meaning smaller impacts might have gone unnoticed.

Symptoms & SensitivityNo Effects Found

Association between exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields assessed by dosimetry and acute symptoms in children and adolescents: a population based cross-sectional study.

Heinrich S, Thomas S, Heumann C, von Kries R, Radon K · 2010

German researchers used personal dosimeters to measure radiofrequency radiation exposure in nearly 3,000 children and adolescents over 24 hours, then tracked acute symptoms like headaches and concentration problems. While they found a few statistically significant associations between higher RF exposure and symptoms, the researchers concluded these were likely due to chance rather than actual health effects because the results weren't consistent and disappeared when analyzing the highest-exposed participants separately.

Use of mobile phones and changes in cognitive function in adolescents.

Thomas S et al. · 2010

Researchers followed 236 Australian teenagers for one year to see how mobile phone use affected their thinking abilities. Students who used their phones more showed faster response times on computer-based cognitive tests, though the researchers noted this improvement might be due to statistical factors rather than actual phone effects. The study found changes in reaction speed but not accuracy on mental tasks.

Exposure to radio-frequency electromagnetic fields and behavioural problems in Bavarian children and adolescents.

Thomas S, Heinrich S, von Kries R, Radon K. · 2010

Researchers measured actual radiofrequency radiation exposure in over 3,000 German children and teenagers using personal dosimeters for 24 hours, then assessed their behavior using standardized questionnaires. They found that adolescents with the highest RF exposure were 2.2 times more likely to have behavioral problems, while both children and adolescents showed nearly 3 times higher rates of conduct problems. This matters because it's one of the first studies to use objective exposure measurements rather than relying on self-reported phone use.

Association between exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields assessed by dosimetry and acute symptoms in children and adolescents: a population based cross-sectional study.

Heinrich S, Thomas S, Heumann C, von Kries R, Radon K. · 2010

German researchers used personal dosimeters to measure radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure in nearly 3,000 children and adolescents over 24 hours, then tracked acute symptoms like headaches and concentration problems. They found a few statistically significant associations between higher RF exposure and symptoms, but these results were inconsistent and disappeared when analyzing the highest-exposed participants. The researchers concluded the observed effects likely occurred by chance rather than representing true causal relationships.

Age-dependent tissue-specific exposure of cell phone users.

Christ A, Gosselin MC, Christopoulou M, Kühn S, Kuster N. · 2010

Researchers used MRI-based head models to compare how cell phone radiation is absorbed in children's brains versus adults' brains. They found that children absorb significantly more radiation in key brain regions like the cortex, hippocampus, and hypothalamus (over 3 dB higher), with bone marrow showing even greater increases (over 10 dB higher). This happens because children's smaller heads place these tissues closer to the phone, even though overall head absorption remains similar between age groups.

Exposure to radio-frequency electromagnetic fields and behavioural problems in Bavarian children and adolescents.

Thomas S, Heinrich S, von Kries R, Radon K · 2010

German researchers studied over 3,000 children and teens, measuring their actual radiofrequency EMF exposure from cell towers and wireless networks over 24 hours using personal dosimeters. They found that adolescents with the highest RF exposure levels were more than twice as likely to show behavioral problems, particularly conduct issues like aggression or rule-breaking. The exposure levels were well below safety limits, suggesting behavioral effects may occur at everyday environmental levels.

The effect of mobile phone on the number of Purkinje cells: A stereological study.

Rağbetlı MC et al. · 2010

Researchers exposed pregnant mice to mobile phone radiation at levels similar to what humans experience (0.95 W/kg SAR) and found a significant decrease in Purkinje cells in the developing cerebellum of offspring. Purkinje cells are critical neurons that control movement, balance, and coordination. This study suggests that prenatal exposure to mobile phone radiation may affect brain development in areas responsible for motor function.

Effects of prenatal exposure to a 50-Hz magnetic field on one-trial passive avoidance learning in 1-day-old chicks.

Sun H, Che Y, Liu X, Zhou D, Miao Y, Ma Y. · 2010

Researchers exposed chick embryos to 50-Hz magnetic fields (the type from power lines) during development and tested their memory after hatching. Chicks exposed to magnetic fields showed impaired memory formation, but only when they were stressed during testing. This suggests that electromagnetic field exposure during development may make the brain more vulnerable to memory problems under stressful conditions.

Brain & Nervous SystemNo Effects Found

The effects of mobile-phone electromagnetic fields on brain electrical activity: a critical analysis of the literature

Marino AA, Carrubba S · 2009

Researchers analyzed 55 studies examining whether mobile phone radiation affects brain electrical activity measured by EEG. They found that 87% of these studies were funded by the wireless industry, and that both positive and negative studies had serious methodological flaws that prevented reliable conclusions. The authors argue that this systematic doubt about EMF effects was manufactured by industry funding rather than reflecting genuine scientific uncertainty.

Symptoms & SensitivityNo Effects Found

Effects of short-term W-CDMA mobile phone base station exposure on women with or without mobile phone related symptoms.

Furubayashi T et al. · 2009

Researchers exposed 54 women (including 11 with self-reported electromagnetic hypersensitivity) to cell tower radiation at 10 V/m for 30 minutes in a controlled lab setting. Neither group could detect when they were actually being exposed to EMF, and both groups showed identical biological responses whether exposed to real or fake radiation. The study found no evidence that people with electromagnetic hypersensitivity react differently to cell tower emissions than healthy controls.

Brain & Nervous SystemNo Effects Found

Short-term exposure to mobile phone base station signals does not affect cognitive functioning or physiological measures in individuals who report sensitivity to electromagnetic fields and controls.

Eltiti S et al. · 2009

Researchers exposed 88 people (including those who reported electromagnetic sensitivity) to cell tower signals for 50 minutes while testing their memory, attention, and heart rate. The study found no differences in cognitive performance or physiological measures between real exposure and fake exposure sessions. This suggests that brief exposure to typical cell tower radiation levels doesn't immediately impair thinking or basic body functions.

Brain & Nervous SystemNo Effects Found

Short‐term exposure to mobile phone base station signals does not affect cognitive functioning or physiological measures in individuals who report sensitivity to electromagnetic fields and controls

Eltiti S et al. · 2009

Researchers exposed 88 people (including those who claimed to be sensitive to electromagnetic fields) to cell tower signals for 50 minutes while they performed memory and attention tests. The study found no effects on cognitive performance or physiological measures like heart rate and skin conductance in either sensitive or control participants. This suggests that short-term exposure to typical cell tower radiation levels doesn't impair brain function or cause detectable physical responses.

Brain & Nervous SystemNo Effects Found151 citations

Mobile telephone use is associated with changes in cognitive function in young adolescents

Abramson MJ et al. · 2009

Researchers studied 317 Australian teenagers to see if mobile phone use affected their thinking abilities. They found that teens who made more phone calls had faster but less accurate responses on cognitive tests, with poorer working memory and learning performance. Importantly, the same effects occurred with text messaging, suggesting the changes came from phone usage habits rather than radiofrequency radiation exposure.

Spatial memory performance of Wistar rats exposed to mobile phone.

Narayanan SN, Kumar RS, Potu BK, Nayak S, Mailankot M. · 2009

Researchers exposed rats to mobile phone signals for 4 weeks (50 missed calls daily) and then tested their ability to navigate a water maze to find a hidden platform. The phone-exposed rats took three times longer to find the target area and spent half as much time in the correct location compared to unexposed rats. This suggests that mobile phone radiation may impair spatial memory and learning abilities.

Cognitive effects of radiation emitted by cellular phones: the influence of exposure side and time.

Luria R, Eliyahu I, Hareuveny R, Margaliot M, Meiran N. · 2009

Israeli researchers tested how cell phone radiation affects thinking speed by having 48 men perform memory tasks while GSM phones were placed on different sides of their heads. They found that when the phone was on the left side of the head, participants responded significantly slower with their right hand during the first few minutes of exposure. This suggests cell phone radiation can temporarily impair cognitive performance, and that the specific placement of the phone and timing of exposure matter for detecting these effects.

The effect of electromagnetic radiation in the mobile phone range on the behaviour of the rat.

Daniels WM, Pitout IL, Afullo TJ, Mabandla MV. · 2009

Researchers exposed rats to electromagnetic radiation in the mobile phone frequency range and tested their behavior, brain structure, and stress hormone levels. While they found no changes in learning ability or brain structure, exposed rats showed decreased movement, increased grooming behaviors, and higher stress hormone levels. These behavioral changes suggest that mobile phone radiation may disrupt normal brain function even when obvious structural damage isn't visible.

Further Reading

For a comprehensive exploration of EMF health effects and practical protection strategies, explore these books by R Blank and Dr. Martin Blank.