Prochnow N et al. · 2011
Researchers exposed rats to UMTS cell phone signals at different power levels to study effects on memory formation in the brain. They found no impact on memory-related brain activity at 2 W/kg (similar to phone use), but significant disruption at 10 W/kg (five times higher than typical exposure). The study suggests current cell phone radiation levels may not harm memory processes, but much higher exposures could be problematic.
Hareuveny R, Eliyahu I, Luria R, Meiran N, Margaliot M · 2011
Researchers tested whether cell phone radiation affects cognitive function by having 29 men perform memory tasks while phones were attached to their heads. In a clever twist, they used external antennas placed far away to drastically reduce the actual radiation exposure from the phones. Despite the minimal radiation, they still found the same cognitive effects as in their previous studies with normal phone exposure.
Divan HA, Kheifets L, Olsen J · 2011
Danish researchers followed over 41,000 children from birth to 18 months to see if mothers' cell phone use during pregnancy affected their babies' developmental milestones. They found no connection between prenatal cell phone exposure and delays in cognitive, language, or motor development at either 6 or 18 months of age. This large-scale study suggests that cell phone use during pregnancy doesn't appear to harm early childhood development.
Papageorgiou CC et al. · 2011
Greek researchers studied how Wi-Fi signals affect brain activity in 30 people performing memory and attention tasks. They found that Wi-Fi exposure specifically reduced brain activity (measured by P300 brain waves) in men but not women during tasks requiring mental focus and working memory. This suggests Wi-Fi may impair cognitive function differently based on gender, with men showing decreased attention and memory processing when exposed to wireless signals.
Mortazavi SM et al. · 2011
Researchers tested whether people who claim to be sensitive to cell phone radiation can actually detect when they're being exposed to it. They studied 20 university students who reported electromagnetic hypersensitivity, exposing them to real and fake cell phone radiation while monitoring their vital signs. Only 25% could tell the difference between real and fake exposure (no better than random chance), and their heart rate, breathing, and blood pressure showed no changes during actual radiation exposure.
Leung S et al. · 2011
Researchers tested how 2G and 3G mobile phone signals affect brain function in 103 people across three age groups (teens, young adults, and older adults). They found that 3G exposure reduced cognitive accuracy, particularly in adolescents, while both 2G and 3G signals altered brain wave patterns during mental tasks. The study used careful controls and brain monitoring to detect these subtle but measurable changes in cognitive performance.
Keshvari J, Heikkilä T. · 2011
Researchers used detailed computer models of real Nokia phones to compare how much radiofrequency energy (SAR) is absorbed by children's versus adults' heads during phone calls. They found no systematic differences between child and adult SAR levels when using the same phone model, but discovered that the specific phone design and antenna structure are the most important factors determining energy absorption patterns.
Hareuveny R, Eliyahu I, Luria R, Meiran N, Margaliot M. · 2011
Israeli researchers tested whether cell phones affect cognitive performance by having 29 men perform memory tasks while phones were attached to their heads. In a clever twist, they used external antennas placed far away to eliminate radiofrequency radiation from the phones themselves. Even without RF exposure, they still found the same cognitive effects as their previous studies, suggesting that factors other than radiation might be responsible for phone-related cognitive changes.
Dragicevic N et al. · 2011
Researchers exposed mice with Alzheimer's disease and normal mice to electromagnetic fields for one month and found that EMF treatment dramatically improved brain cell energy production (mitochondrial function) by 50-150%. The EMF exposure also helped break apart harmful protein clumps in Alzheimer's mice brains that damage cellular powerhouses. This suggests that EMF therapy might benefit brain function by directly enhancing how brain cells produce energy.
Aydin D et al. · 2011
Researchers analyzed how memory errors and study participation bias affect mobile phone brain tumor studies in children and teens. They found that brain tumor patients overestimated their phone use by much smaller amounts than healthy controls, with patients overestimating call duration by 52% while controls overestimated by 163%. This suggests previous studies may have underestimated the actual risk of mobile phones causing brain tumors in young people.
Chaturvedi CM et al. · 2011
Researchers exposed mice to 2.45 GHz microwave radiation (the same frequency used in WiFi and microwave ovens) for 2 hours daily over 30 days. The exposed mice showed disrupted sleep patterns, increased blood cell counts, DNA damage in brain cells, and impaired spatial memory compared to unexposed mice. This study suggests that chronic exposure to common wireless frequencies may affect brain function and biological rhythms.
Prochnow N et al. · 2011
German researchers exposed rats to 3G cell phone radiation at different power levels for two hours. Low exposure (2 W/kg) caused no memory problems, but high exposure (10 W/kg) significantly impaired the brain's ability to form memories, suggesting a threshold for wireless radiation effects.
Partsvania B, Sulaberidze T, Shoshiashvili L, Modebadze Z · 2011
Scientists exposed mollusk neurons to 900-MHz cell phone radiation at low levels. While the neurons' basic function remained normal, they responded to signals significantly faster during exposure. This suggests cell phone radiation can alter how quickly nerve cells process information, even temporarily.
Ntzouni MP, Stamatakis A, Stylianopoulou F, Margaritis LH · 2011
Greek researchers exposed mice to mobile phone radiation at levels similar to what humans experience during phone calls (SAR 0.22 W/kg) and tested their ability to recognize objects they had seen before. The study found that chronic exposure for 17 days significantly impaired the mice's short-term memory, particularly during the critical period when memories are being consolidated and stored in the brain. This suggests that mobile phone radiation may interfere with the brain's ability to form and retain new memories.
He LH, Shi HM, Liu TT, Xu YC, Ye KP, Wang S. · 2011
Researchers exposed adult rats to 50-Hz magnetic fields (the same frequency as power lines) for either 1 or 4 hours daily over 4 weeks. They found that rats exposed for 4 hours showed increased anxiety-like behaviors but also improved spatial learning and long-term memory. This suggests that extremely low frequency magnetic fields can affect both emotional and cognitive brain functions, even at relatively short daily exposure periods.
Corbacio M et al. · 2011
Scientists tested 99 people performing memory tasks while exposed to strong 60 Hz magnetic fields. The magnetic field exposure blocked the normal learning improvement that occurs with practice on cognitive tests, suggesting these industrial-strength fields may interfere with the brain's ability to form new memories.
Chen YB, Li J, Liu JY, Zeng LH, Wan Y, Li YR, Ren D, Guo GZ. · 2011
Researchers exposed mice to intense electromagnetic pulses (400,000 volts per meter) and found it significantly impaired their ability to learn new tasks for up to 24 hours. The exposure caused oxidative stress in brain tissue, damaging brain cells through increased harmful molecules and reduced protective antioxidants. When mice were given vitamin E beforehand, it protected them from these harmful effects.
van Nierop LE et al. · 2011
Researchers tested 31 healthy volunteers in a double-blind study to see how magnetic fields from a 7 Tesla MRI scanner affected brain function. They found that exposure to these magnetic fields impaired attention, concentration, and spatial orientation by 5% to 47% depending on the field strength. This demonstrates that even temporary exposure to strong magnetic fields can measurably affect cognitive performance.
He LH, Shi HM, Liu TT, Xu YC, Ye KP, Wang S. · 2011
Researchers exposed adult rats to 50 Hz magnetic fields (the same frequency as power lines) for either 1 or 4 hours daily over 4 weeks. Rats exposed for 4 hours showed increased anxiety-like behaviors but surprisingly improved spatial learning and long-term memory. This suggests that chronic exposure to power frequency magnetic fields can alter brain function in complex ways, affecting both emotional and cognitive processes.
Corbacio M et al. · 2011
Researchers exposed 99 people to a strong 60 Hz magnetic field (3 mT) for 30 minutes while they performed memory and thinking tests. While the magnetic field didn't clearly impair cognitive performance overall, it did prevent the normal learning improvement that occurs when people repeat the same memory test. This suggests that power-line frequency magnetic fields may interfere with the brain's ability to form new memories through practice.
Partsvania B, Sulaberidze T, Shoshiashvili L, Modebadze Z · 2011
Scientists exposed mollusk nerve cells to 900 MHz cell phone radiation for one hour. While the neurons still fired normally, they responded faster to stimulation after exposure. This shows cell phone radiation can alter how quickly individual nerve cells process information, even temporarily.
Papageorgiou CC et al. · 2011
Researchers exposed 30 people to Wi-Fi signals while they performed a mental task that required focus and working memory, measuring brain activity through electrodes on the scalp. They found that Wi-Fi exposure significantly reduced brain activity (measured by P300 brain waves) in men but not women during tasks requiring mental inhibition. This suggests Wi-Fi radiation may impair attention and working memory functions differently based on gender.
Ntzouni MP, Stamatakis A, Stylianopoulou F, Margaritis LH. · 2011
Researchers exposed mice to cell phone radiation at human-level intensities and tested their memory recognition abilities. Mice showed significant memory problems, especially when exposed during the 17-day period when memories form. This suggests mobile phone radiation may interfere with the brain's memory formation processes.
Leung S et al. · 2011
Researchers tested how 2G and 3G cell phone signals affect brain function in teenagers and adults during 55-minute exposures. They found 3G signals reduced memory accuracy in teenagers, while both signal types altered brain wave patterns in all age groups, showing measurable impacts on brain processing.
Dragicevic N et al. · 2011
Researchers exposed mice to 918 MHz electromagnetic fields daily for one month. The treatment dramatically boosted brain cell energy production by 50-150% in Alzheimer's mice and improved function in normal mice, suggesting EMFs might protect against cognitive decline.
