Unknown authors · 2024
Researchers exposed twelve pregnant rats and their male newborns to Wi-Fi frequencies at electric field values of 0.6, 1.9, 5, 10, and 15 V/m during gestation and 45 days after birth. Auditory brainstem response testing was performed before exposure and sacrification. Cochlear histopathological examination used immunohistochemistry for caspase-3, caspase-9, and TUNEL staining. Auditory thresholds increased significantly at 5 V/m and above, while apoptotic cell markers showed significant differences at 10 V/m and 15 V/m. All apoptotic indicators increased with electric field magnitude, with caspase-9 showing the strongest effect.
Unknown authors · 2024
Researchers exposed male rats to cell phone (915 MHz) and WiFi (2450 MHz) radiation for 30 days, finding significant damage to testicular tissue and sperm production. However, when rats were given rosmarinic acid (a natural antioxidant found in herbs like rosemary), it protected against this reproductive damage by reducing oxidative stress.
Unknown authors · 2024
Researchers exposed pregnant rats and their offspring to WiFi-frequency radiation (2.45 GHz) at various power levels throughout pregnancy and early development. They found that exposure caused hearing loss and triggered cell death in the inner ear, with damage increasing at higher power levels. Even low-level WiFi radiation caused measurable harm to the delicate structures responsible for hearing.
Klimek A et al. · 2024
Researchers exposed rats to 50 Hz ELF-EMF at 1 and 7 mT for 1 hour per day over 7 days, repeated the procedure three times, and measured adrenaline, noradrenaline, MHPG, and β2-adrenergic receptor expression. After each exposure, some rats underwent a behavioural test to assess stress response to subsequent stress factors. ELF-EMF at 1 mT induced adaptive changes in the noradrenergic locus coeruleus system. Exposure to 7 mT increased stress system activity, causing sensitization to a different stress factor, profoundly decreased β2-adrenergic receptor levels, and moderately increased anxiety-related behaviour.
Unknown authors · 2024
After four weeks the offspring were sacrificed and hippocampal, kidney, and liver tissues were examined for injury. EMF exposure increased necrotic areas in the hippocampus, hyperemia and necrosis in the kidneys, and degeneration in the liver compared with the group that received both EMF and curcumin. Daily curcumin during pregnancy prevented these tissue injuries in the fetuses.
Unknown authors · 2023
Unknown authors · 2023
The study examined RF-EMF effects on lettuce (Lactuca sativa) in indoor and outdoor settings using DECT (1890–1900 MHz) and Wi-Fi (2.4 GHz and 5 GHz) frequencies. Under greenhouse conditions, RF-EMF had only a minor impact on fast chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics and did not affect flowering time. In field conditions, RF-EMF exposure significantly reduced photosynthetic efficiency, accelerated flowering, down-regulated VDE and ZEP genes, and lowered FV/FM and NPQ under light stress.
Unknown authors · 2023
Researchers exposed 5-week-old male Wistar rats to a 2115 MHz RF-EMR signal at 1.51 W/kg SAR for 8 hours. Exposed rats showed higher lipid peroxidation, carbon-centered lipid radicals, and single-strand DNA damage in the brain. The number of BrdU-positive cells in the dentate gyrus decreased, indicating reduced neurogenesis. RF-EMR exposure caused degenerative changes and neuronal loss in dentate gyrus neurons but not in CA3, CA1, or cerebral cortex neurons.
Unknown authors · 2023
Researchers exposed young rats to cell phone radiation at 2115 MHz for 8 hours continuously and found significant brain damage including DNA breaks, reduced formation of new brain cells, and neuronal death in the hippocampus. The radiation caused oxidative damage and specifically harmed the brain region critical for learning and memory.
Unknown authors · 2023
Researchers evaluated ELF-EMS at 13.5 mT/60 Hz in a rodent model of global transient stroke, measuring neurological outcome, behavior, neuronal survival, and glial reactivity. ELF-EMS improved neurological scores and behavior in the ischemia-reperfusion model. The treatment also improved neuronal survival and decreased glial reactivity in the hippocampus, with microglia showing the first signs of treatment effect. In vitro, ELF-EMS decreased LPS and ATP-induced microglia migration in scratch and transwell assays. In hippocampal brain slices, ELF-EMS reduced microglial reactivity, improved neuronal survival, and modulated inflammation-related markers.
Unknown authors · 2023
Researchers exposed pregnant rats to 900, 1800, and 2100 MHz EMF radiation for 6, 12, or 24 hours per day over 20 days. After birth, six male pups per group were randomly selected for histopathological and biochemical analysis of myocardial tissue. Myocardial damage was greatest in the 2100 MHz 24-hour group, which also had higher MDA and lower GSH levels. At 1800 MHz, the 24-hour exposure group showed greater damage, higher MDA, and lower GSH compared to shorter durations. The authors concluded that myocardial tissue is more affected by long-term high-frequency EMF exposure and raised concerns about 5G technology.
Unknown authors · 2023
RF and BC induced moderately significant cell damage at 8 or 24 hours and much greater damage after 48 hours and higher BC dose, and an antiproliferative effect increased with exposure time and dose. Oxidative stress and ROS production increased with radiation time, BC dose, and their combination. Both radiation and BC separately and jointly triggered necrosis and apoptosis, with BCL2a gene expression activated after 24 hours and FASR and caspase-3 activation after 48 hours.
Unknown authors · 2023
Researchers exposed human immune cells to 2.45 GHz radio frequency radiation (WiFi frequency) combined with black carbon particles from air pollution. The combination caused significant cell damage, triggered cell death pathways, and increased oxidative stress, with effects worsening over longer exposure times.
Unknown authors · 2023
Researchers exposed pregnant rats to cell phone frequencies (900, 1800, and 2100 MHz) for up to 24 hours daily during pregnancy, then examined heart tissue in newborn pups. Higher frequencies and longer exposure times caused more severe heart damage and oxidative stress, with 2100 MHz (5G frequency) showing the worst effects. The findings suggest that prenatal EMF exposure may harm developing hearts.
Li et al. · 2023
Li et al. · 2023
Researchers exposed rats to S-band microwave radiation (30 mW/cm² for 35 minutes) to simulate occupational exposure conditions. The study found significant heart damage including disrupted muscle fibers, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress, plus psychological effects like anxiety and depression. This suggests that high-power microwave exposure can cause both physical heart damage and mental health impacts.
Guo et al. · 2023
Researchers exposed zebrafish embryos at 3 hours post-fertilization to a 50-Hz magnetic field at intensities of 100, 200, 400, and 800 μT for 1 hour or 24 hours daily over 5 days. Magnetic field exposure did not affect basic development parameters including hatching rate, mortality, and malformation rate. Exposure to 200 μT magnetic field significantly induced spontaneous movement hypoactivity in zebrafish larvae. Histological examination revealed brain morphological abnormalities including condensed cell nucleus and cytoplasm and increased intercellular space. Exposure to 200 μT magnetic field inhibited syn2a transcription and expression and increased reactive oxygen species levels.
Guo et al. · 2023
Researchers exposed developing zebrafish to 50 Hz magnetic fields (the same frequency as power lines) and found that exposure reduced the fish's spontaneous movement behavior. The magnetic fields increased harmful reactive oxygen species and decreased production of syn2a, a protein crucial for nerve function and movement.
Unknown authors · 2023
Exposed MDA-MB-231 cells had higher viability, more live cells, and longer, denser filopodia than unexposed cells. ELF-MF also raised mitochondrial ROS levels and altered mitochondrial morphology in these cells. Proteomic analysis found 328 proteins changed in MDA-MB-231 cells and 242 in MCF-10A cells, with enrichment in focal adhesion and mitochondrion pathways. The exposure reduced adhesion and increased migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells, while transcription factors linked to cellular reprogramming were upregulated in MDA-MB-231 and downregulated in MCF-10A.
Unknown authors · 2023
Unknown authors · 2023
Researchers exposed mice continuously for 16 weeks to 2.45 GHz RF radiation from a household Wi-Fi router and a laboratory device, comparing them to a sham-exposed group. Mice underwent behavioral tests including open-field and Y-maze before and after exposure, and brains were examined for histopathology and DNA methylation. Exposure increased locomotor activity but did not produce significant structural or morphological brain changes. Global DNA methylation was lower in exposed mice than in sham mice.
Unknown authors · 2023
Researchers exposed mice to WiFi radiation (2.45 GHz) for 16 weeks using both household routers and laboratory equipment to simulate real-world conditions. The exposed mice showed increased movement activity and reduced DNA methylation in their brains, but no visible structural brain damage. This suggests WiFi radiation may cause subtle biological changes even without obvious tissue damage.
Unknown authors · 2023
Unknown authors · 2023
Fifty-six rats weighing 200–250 g were divided into healthy and diabetic groups, each with sham and radiofrequency radiation exposure at 900, 1800, and 2100 MHz. Over a month, each group spent two hours per day in a Plexiglas carousel, with experimental groups exposed to radiofrequency radiation and sham groups not exposed. Researchers performed three-point bending tests and radiological evaluations on the right tibia bones and measured CAT, GSH, MDA, and IMA in skeletal muscle tissue. Significant differences were found in biomechanical properties, radiological evaluations, and muscle tissue measurements between groups (p < .05). Average whole-body SAR values were 0.026 W/kg for GSM 900 MHz, 0.164 W/kg for 1800 MHz, and 0.173 W/kg for 2100 MHz.
Saka VP, Chitra V, Narayanasamy D · 2023
Researchers exposed primary cortical neurons from neonatal rats to electromagnetic radiation from a mobile phone at 2100 MHz and 1.6 W/kg SAR for two hours. The study assessed the induction of apoptosis through modulation of pro- and anti-apoptotic genes via a mitochondrial pathway. Pyrazole derivatives reduced apoptosis by lowering reactive oxygen species and modulating apoptotic gene levels. The compounds showed antioxidative and anti-apoptotic properties.
