EMF Research Studies

WHY THE DOUBLE STANDARD? A CRITICAL REVIEW OF RUSSIAN WORK ON THE HAZARDS OF MICROWAVE RADIATION

Leo P. Inglis

MICROWAVE INDUCED PRESSURE WAVES IN A MODEL OF BIOLOGICAL MATERIAL

Richard G. Olsen, Wayne C. Hammer

The study examined microwave-induced mechanical stress waves in a simulated muscle tissue model. Microwave absorption was mostly confined to within 2 cm of the irradiated surface with an average localized SAR of about 100 W/kg. A distinct stress wave propagated at 1600 m/s with peak pressures of about 300 Pa and remained detectable after traveling 0.61 m with two reflections.

RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY OF MAMMALIAN CELLS

Unknown authors

The study investigated Raman spectroscopy to distinguish tumor cells from normal cells but encountered fluorescence, Rayleigh scattering, and cell settling in liquid media. They identified phosphate buffered saline (PBS) as a nonfluorescent medium suitable for Raman spectroscopy. Suspending cells in agarose immobilized them, eliminated intensity fluctuations, and produced consistent spectra. Preliminary spectra of BHK cells in agarose showed possible Raman lines below 200 cm⁻¹.

EXPOSURE LIMITS FOR MICROWAVE RADIATION - A CANADIAN PROPOSAL

Michael H. Repacholi

THE NEAR FIELD OF DIPOLE AND HELICAL ANTENNAS

Q. Balzano, O. Garay, K. Siwiak

Researchers measured energy densities near helical and whip resonant antennas used in portable communication products. They found that in the near field the squared electric field strength reflects stored reactive energy, not radiated power flow. For the 750 MHz resonant dipole the radial field component was dominant out to about 6 cm. At 1 cm distance Helix 1 (Q=25) had a peak E-field energy value about 14 times that of a resonant dipole and Helix 2 (Q=65) about 40 times. At 2 cm distance Helix 1 violated the proposed ANSI guide with 4 mW radiated power and Helix 2 with slightly over 1 mW.

О влиянии электрического поля ультравысокой частоты на окислительные процессы в изолированных тканях

P. E. Братковский

Microwave Radiation Hazards

Morgan

Microwaves originate as electro-magnetic impulses in a high frequency oscillator tube with relatively short wavelengths. The waves are carried through a wave guide to a transmitting antenna which ejects them into space at the speed of light. Invisible microwaves such as radar can ignite steel wool, set off photo-flash bulbs, and ignite fuel vapors. Reports and rumors of fearsome side effects on persons exposed to microwave radiation from radar beams have more than once found an interested audience. To eliminate such rumors, a basic understanding of microwave radiation is needed by personnel in the field of health protection.

NEAR-FIELD IRRADIATION OF CYLINDRICAL MODELS OF HUMANS AND ANIMALS

Unknown authors

The study calculated the specific absorption rate (SAR) in infinitely long cylindrical models of humans and animals irradiated by the near fields of short dipoles. The method used electric and magnetic Hertzian potentials and overcame numerical integration difficulties by expanding integrals in terms of Hermite polynomials. Numerical results for a dipole at one wavelength distance showed good agreement with planewave irradiation results. The authors plan to present SAR for different models as a function of frequency, incident power density, and electric and magnetic energy densities.

The Relation of Teratogenesis in Tenebrio molitor to the Incidence of Low Level Microwaves

L. M. Liu, F. J. Rosenbaum, W. F. Pickard

О влиянии электрического поля ультравысокой частоты на окислительные процессы и азотистый обмен

Р. Е. Батковский

They report that advances in radio engineering have uncovered new biological uses for ultra-high frequency electric fields. They also state that the effects of UHF electric fields on living organisms appear very diverse according to recent experiments and clinical data.

EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS IN THE STUDY OF BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS DURING RADIO FREQUENCY TRANSMISSION

William Pearlman, Maitland Baldwin

Comparison of Potential Device Interference and Biological Exposure Hazards in Microwave Leakage Fields

John M. Osepchuk

MICROWAVES AFFECT THERMOREGULATORY BEHAVIOR IN RATS

Stern

During each session, alternating 15-minute control and exposure periods presented 2450 MHz continuous wave microwaves at power densities of 5, 10, and 20 mW/cm². The proportion of time the heat lamp stayed on decreased as microwave power density increased, and a linear regression showed an intercept of 0.324, slope of -0.0063 (p<0.001), with power density accounting for 61% of the variation. Randomization tests confirmed significant differences at all power densities versus zero exposure (p<0.003), except at 5 mW/cm² versus all zero exposures (p=0.023) and versus adjacent 10 mW/cm² (p=0.021).

EFFECT OF MICROWAVES ON RED BLOOD CELL COMPONENTS: INVESTIGATIONS AT THE MOLECULAR LEVEL

Unknown authors

Lésions Viscérales Observées chez des Souris et des Rats Exposés aux Ondes Ultra-Courtes; Étude Particulière des Effets de ces Ondes sur la Reproduction de ces Animaux

L. MIRO, R. LOUBIERE, A. PFISTER

TRANSCUTANEOUS ELECTROMAGNETIC FLOWMETRY: VOLTAGE DISTRIBUTION IN A BLOOD VESSEL - LIMB SEGMENT CYLINDRICAL MODEL

Unknown authors

The method uses a concentric three-media cylindrical model to estimate popliteal artery flow from skin surface voltages. Subjects lie supine with the leg in a 16 cm magnetic pole gap while EEG electrodes detect voltages under 100 µV for less than two minutes. In an example with 100 cc/min flow, the maximum skin voltage was 5 µV while the maximum vessel voltage reached 86 µV. Calculated current densities were well below levels known to excite membranes or damage blood, and subjects reported no sensation.