Browse 6,486 peer-reviewed studies on electromagnetic field health effects from 4 research libraries.
Showing 1,087 studies from Glaser RF/Microwave Archive with extracted diagrams
Arthur C. Giese · 1947
This 1947 review examined how radiation across the electromagnetic spectrum affects cell division, covering both ionizing and non-ionizing radiation sources. The research analyzed biological effects of electromagnetic radiation on cellular reproduction processes. This early work helped establish foundational understanding of how electromagnetic fields interact with living cells during critical division phases.
H. Schaefer, H. Schwan · 1947
This 1947 research investigated whether ultrashort radio frequency waves could selectively heat individual cells in biological tissue, focusing on bacteria and microorganisms. The study explored how electromagnetic fields might target single cells rather than heating tissue uniformly, examining the role of different dielectric properties between cell types.
H. Schaefer, H. Schwan · 1947
This 1947 study by H. Schaefer and H. Schwan examined the conditions under which ultrashort-wave permeation can produce selective heating of single cells in biological tissues. It confirms that selective overheating occurs for macroscopic objects but not for microscopic particles, where the excess temperature depends greatly on particle size and cannot reach even one thousandth of a degree. Practical conditions would require extraordinarily high field intensities of about 2 kV/cm.
URSULA M. LEDEN et al. · 1947
This 1947 study from the Mayo Foundation investigated the heating and circulatory effects of micro-waves at 3,000 megacycles per second (10 centimeter wavelength) in trained dogs and anaesthetized animals, examining their therapeutic potential. A 20-minute exposure at 65 watts and 5 centimeters distance raised temperatures 3-5°C in skin, subcutaneous tissue and muscle to 2 centimeters depth, and femoral vein blood flow increased by an average of 109 percent after exposure.
JAMES D. HARDY, HAROLD G. WOLFF, HELEN GOODELL · 1947
This 1947 research by Hardy developed methods for measuring human pain sensitivity and discrimination, establishing foundational principles for quantifying subjective pain experiences. The study focused on how people distinguish between different intensities of painful stimuli and created measurement scales for pain research. This work laid important groundwork for understanding how humans perceive and respond to potentially harmful stimuli.
R. COOPER · 1946
This 1946 study measured the electrical properties of salt water solutions at radio frequencies from 1-4000 MHz to understand how saltwater conducts electromagnetic energy. The research provided foundational data for predicting how seawater behaves at high frequencies, which became crucial for understanding EMF propagation through biological systems since the human body is roughly 60% saltwater.
Willis Jackson · 1946
This 1946 technical study by Jackson established methods for measuring how materials interact with microwave radiation at centimeter wavelengths. The research focused on developing standardized techniques and terminology for characterizing dielectric properties, which describe how substances respond to electromagnetic fields. This foundational work helped establish the scientific framework still used today to understand how microwaves interact with biological tissues.
Hugh Fleming · 1944
This 1944 study by Fleming examined how high-frequency electromagnetic fields affect microorganisms like bacteria. The research investigated biological effects of RF fields on microbes, likely in connection with medical diathermy treatments. This represents early scientific inquiry into how electromagnetic energy interacts with living organisms at the cellular level.
J. L. Oncley · 1942
This 1942 foundational study investigated how proteins behave when exposed to electromagnetic fields, measuring their dielectric properties (how they respond to electrical fields). Researchers found that proteins have unique electromagnetic signatures that differ significantly from simple salt solutions, establishing early scientific methods for understanding how biological molecules interact with electromagnetic energy.
Bennett RL, Hines EA, Krusen FH · 1941
This 1941 study examined short-wave diathermy (a medical heating device using radio frequency energy) and its effects on foot skin temperature. The researchers found that while diathermy produces deep tissue heating, it can be harmful for patients with poor blood circulation and should be avoided in cases of arterial insufficiency.
N.P. Kokhanovich · 1941
Soviet researchers in 1941 studied how high-frequency electromagnetic fields affect kidney function in dogs, specifically examining changes in urine production (diuresis) and reflexive kidney shutdown (anuria). This early research explored whether radiofrequency fields could influence the body's fluid regulation systems through the kidneys.
Kenneth S. Cole, Robert H. Cole · 1941
This 1941 foundational study by Cole established the mathematical framework for understanding how electromagnetic fields interact with different materials, including biological tissues. The research developed the Cole-Cole equation, which describes how materials absorb and disperse electromagnetic energy across different frequencies. This work became the scientific basis for measuring how EMF penetrates and affects living tissue.
C. F. Wagner, G. D. McCann, Edward Beck · 1941
This 1941 engineering study examined lightning strikes and electrical currents, measuring how lightning creates multiple electrical discharges and the wave patterns of these currents. Researchers found clear differences between direct lightning strikes and the electrical currents they produce in lightning arresters (protective devices).
John MacLeod, Robert S. Hotchkiss · 1941
This 1941 study examined how fever affects sperm counts in men, building on animal research showing that elevated testicular temperature damages sperm production. Researchers tracked sperm counts at various intervals after men experienced high body temperatures from fever treatment. The study confirmed that heat exposure significantly reduces male fertility, providing the first human evidence of temperature's impact on sperm production.
HERBERT J. JOHNSON · 1940
This 1940 study compared how transplanted tumors responded to heat generated by short radio waves, testing both tumors grown in living animals versus laboratory conditions. Researchers used thermocouples to measure tissue heating and examine whether radio wave-induced thermal effects affected tumor sensitivity differently in these two environments.
Liebesny P · 1938
This 1938 research examined athermic short wave therapy, an early form of radiofrequency medical treatment that used electromagnetic fields without generating significant heat in body tissues. The study explored therapeutic applications of RF energy, including effects on biological emulsions and cellular structures described as 'pearl chains.' This represents some of the earliest documented medical use of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields.
FRANK DICKENS, STANLEY F. EVANS, HANS WEIL-MALHERBE · 1937
This 1937 study examined whether short radio waves could treat tumors in live animals. Researchers found that radio waves only affected tumors when they generated enough heat to raise tissue temperature, with no special anti-cancer properties beyond thermal effects. The study concluded that radio wave therapy offered no advantages over established treatments like surgery or X-rays.
F. W. HARTMAN · 1937
This 1937 study examined brain damage and organ injury in humans and animals exposed to controlled fever therapy (artificial heating). Researchers found severe tissue damage including brain hemorrhages, lung congestion, liver degeneration, and cellular death across multiple organs. The study documented how heat exposure causes widespread biological harm.
Wilhelm Krasny-Ergen · 1936
This 1936 study by W. Krasny-Ergen examined how alternating electrical fields affect colloids (tiny particles suspended in liquid) through non-thermal mechanisms. The research focused on biological effects that occur without heating, specifically studying how electrical vibrations and induction powers influence microorganisms. This represents early scientific recognition that electromagnetic fields can produce biological effects beyond simple heating.
G. C. Southworth · 1936
This 1936 Bell Telephone Laboratories technical paper describes early experimental methods for measuring radio frequencies above 1 billion cycles per second using hollow metal pipes called wave guides. Researchers developed new transmission techniques to push beyond the frequency measurement limits of that era. The work laid groundwork for high-frequency electromagnetic wave research and applications.
Wilhelm Krasny-Ergen · 1936
This 1936 German technical paper by Wilhelm Krasny-Ergen examined electromagnetic field distribution patterns, focusing on short waves and rotating fields around cylindrical structures. The research represents early foundational work in understanding how electromagnetic fields behave in different configurations. While predating modern health research, this type of field analysis became crucial for later studies examining EMF exposure patterns.
JOHN S. COULTER, M.D., HOWARD A. CARTER, B.S. in M.E. · 1936
This 1936 study by Coulter examined how short wave diathermy (a medical heating treatment using radio frequency electromagnetic fields) raises temperatures in human tissues. The research explored the biological heating effects of RF energy, documenting how electromagnetic fields can directly warm body tissues through energy absorption.
Paul J. Reiter · 1936
This 1936 German study tested shortwave radio frequencies (3.3-15 meter wavelengths) on rabbit brains and human patients with mental illness. Researchers found the effects appeared to be purely thermal (heat-based) rather than from specific electromagnetic properties, and reported promising therapeutic results for conditions like schizophrenia and dementia.
A. BACHEM · 1935
This 1935 German research by Bachem investigated how ultrashort radio waves could selectively produce heat in biological tissues, marking early recognition that electromagnetic radiation could cause specific thermal effects in living systems. The study explored the potential for targeted heating applications in medical diathermy treatments. This represents some of the earliest documented scientific interest in how radio frequency energy interacts with biological materials.
C. J. BREITWIESER · 1935
This 1935 study by Breitwieser analyzed the selective effects of short wave therapy, examining how electromagnetic fields used in medical diathermy treatments produce heat in body tissues. The research focused on understanding the different impacts of electric versus magnetic field components in therapeutic electromagnetic applications.