Browse 8,655 peer-reviewed studies on electromagnetic field health effects from 4 research libraries.
Showing 287 studies (Rodent Studies) from Glaser RF/Microwave Archive
C. Süsskind and Staff · 1961
This 1961 study by Susskind examined the long-term health effects of 3-centimeter microwave radiation on laboratory mice. The research focused on longevity impacts, tracking how extended microwave exposure affected the lifespan of test animals. This represents early scientific investigation into the biological effects of microwave radiation decades before widespread consumer use.
F. L. Leites, L. A. Skurikhina · 1961
Soviet researchers exposed 20 white rats to a single 10-minute microwave treatment and found significant changes in adrenal cortex hormone production lasting 1-2 weeks. The adrenal glands first released stored hormones into the bloodstream, then accumulated new hormone-producing substances in response to the radiation exposure.
Minecki, L., Bilski, R. · 1961
This 1961 Polish study examined internal organ damage in 250 mice exposed to S-band microwave radiation (2848-2860 MHz). Researchers found histopathological changes in organs, though specific details weren't provided in the available abstract. This represents early scientific recognition that microwave radiation could cause biological effects in living tissue.
Miklos Nadasdi, M.D. · 1961
This 1961 study examined whether non-thermal short wave radio frequencies could reduce experimental arthritis in rats. The research explored whether electromagnetic fields could provide therapeutic benefits through mechanisms other than heat generation, challenging the prevailing view that all RF effects were purely thermal.
William B. Deichmann, E. Bernal, M. Keplinger · 1959
This 1959 study examined how environmental factors like temperature and air circulation affected rat survival when exposed to 24,000 megacycle (24 GHz) microwave radiation. The research investigated whether changing these conditions could influence how harmful microwave exposure was to laboratory animals. This represents early scientific work exploring the biological effects of high-frequency microwave radiation.
B. S. Jacobson, S. B. Prausnitz, C. Susskind · 1959
Researchers in 1959 exposed mice to 3-centimeter wavelength microwave radiation to study how electromagnetic energy affects body temperature regulation in mammals. The study found that microwave exposure could be used as a research tool to investigate thermal balance and heat exchange processes in warm-blooded animals. This early research laid groundwork for understanding how microwave radiation interacts with biological systems.
Guy P. doLhery, Willard L. Derksen, Thomas I. Monahan · 1959
This 1959 technical report examined thermal conductivity (heat transfer) and diathermancy (heat transmission through tissues) in albino rat skin. The research focused on understanding how heat moves through biological tissue, which provides foundational knowledge for how electromagnetic energy interacts with living systems.
K. L. Cappel · 1959
This 1959 study examined temperature control systems for a bio-satellite carrying laboratory rats to study the effects of zero gravity on behavior. Researchers designed active thermal regulation to maintain stable temperatures without internal heat sources, accounting for heat from rat metabolism, life support systems, and electronic equipment.
Franz Halberg · 1959
Franz Halberg's 1959 conference paper examined how light exposure controls biological timing in laboratory rodents, developing methods to analyze circadian rhythms and periodic physiological functions. This foundational research established principles for understanding how external signals synchronize internal biological clocks. The work laid groundwork for studying how artificial electromagnetic fields might disrupt natural circadian rhythms.
Robert T. Nieset et al. · 1958
This 1958 U.S. Navy research examined how microwave radiation affects biological systems, focusing on animal growth patterns and bioelectric effects in rodents. The study represents early military investigation into microwave biological effects during the Cold War era. This foundational research helped establish the scientific basis for understanding how microwave energy interacts with living tissue.
T. R. A. Davis, J. Mayer · 1954
This 1954 study examined how high-frequency electromagnetic waves (37-60 megacycles per second) caused lethal overheating in mice during brief exposures. The research found that living animals experienced more intense heating effects than dead tissue, suggesting complex biological responses beyond simple thermal heating.
Leonard Essman, Charles S. Wise · 1950
This 1950 study exposed the lower back area of white rats to microwave radiation to investigate whether deep muscle tissue could be damaged without visible injury to the overlying skin. Researchers compared microwave thermal effects to infrared radiation effects, focusing specifically on muscle changes rather than bone damage.
CHARLES S. WISE, BENJAMIN CASTLEMAN, ARTHUR L. WATKINS · 1949
This 1949 study exposed growing rats to medical diathermy treatments (shortwave and microwave radiation) near their knee joints to see if these electromagnetic fields affected bone growth. The researchers found that single exposures to both 8-meter shortwave and 11-centimeter microwave frequencies caused observable changes in bone development. This early research demonstrated that electromagnetic radiation could interfere with normal growth processes in developing tissue.
C. J. Imig, J. D. Thomson, H. M. Hines · 1948
This 1948 study by CJ Imig examined how microwave radiation affects testicular tissue in laboratory rodents, documenting degenerative changes in reproductive organs. The research represents one of the earliest investigations into microwave radiation's biological effects on male fertility. This foundational work established that electromagnetic fields could cause measurable tissue damage in reproductive systems.
de Seguin L., Castelain G. · 1947
This 1947 study by De Seguin examined how ultra high frequency electromagnetic waves affected body temperature in small laboratory animals like rats and mice. The research represents early scientific investigation into whether radiofrequency radiation could cause measurable biological changes in living organisms. This work helped establish the foundation for understanding thermal effects of EMF exposure that remain relevant today.
FRANK DICKENS, STANLEY F. EVANS, HANS WEIL-MALHERBE · 1937
This 1937 study examined whether short radio waves could treat tumors in live animals. Researchers found that radio waves only affected tumors when they generated enough heat to raise tissue temperature, with no special anti-cancer properties beyond thermal effects. The study concluded that radio wave therapy offered no advantages over established treatments like surgery or X-rays.
J. W. Schereschewsky · 1928
This 1928 study exposed mice to high-frequency radio waves (8.3 to 135 million cycles per second) and found that certain frequencies caused more tissue damage than others. The researcher discovered that intermediate frequencies were more harmful than very high or very low frequencies, suggesting different frequencies affect cells differently.
Unknown authors
Scientists measured how much radiofrequency energy mice and rats absorb when exposed to three different frequencies: 2450 MHz (microwave oven frequency), 425 MHz, and 100 MHz. Using precise calorimetry techniques, they found that energy absorption rates varied significantly based on the animal's size, body orientation, and the specific frequency used. This foundational research helps establish how biological tissues absorb EMF energy at different frequencies.
Unknown authors
This study investigated how a single exposure to 2450 MHz microwave radiation affects immune cells in mouse spleens, specifically tracking changes in complement receptor positive (CR+) cells. The research examined the timing and biological mechanisms behind these immune system changes. The 2450 MHz frequency is the same used in microwave ovens and some WiFi devices.
O. P. Gandhi
Researchers tested how rats absorb radiofrequency energy across a wide range of frequencies (285 to 4000 MHz) using a specialized waveguide setup. They found that when RF waves were aligned with the rats' body length, power absorption increased by more than 10 times at certain resonant frequencies compared to other orientations.
Unknown authors
Researchers exposed pregnant rats to 2.45 GHz microwave radiation (the same frequency as microwave ovens and WiFi) for 100 minutes daily during critical pregnancy days. They found no significant differences in pregnancy rates, fetal development, or birth defects between exposed and unexposed groups. However, higher power levels proved lethal to adult rats from overheating.
Unknown authors
Researchers exposed rats to 1.28 GHz microwave radiation while they performed a vigilance task requiring attention and response to changing audio signals. The rats had to press levers to produce tones and detect changes to earn food rewards during 40-minute sessions. This study examined whether microwave exposure at frequencies similar to some wireless devices affects complex behavioral performance requiring sustained attention.
Unknown authors
Researchers exposed rat brain tissue to pulsed microwave radiation at various power levels (0.5 to 15.0 mW/cm²) and frequencies (16 and 32 Hz) to see if it affected calcium movement out of cells. They found no significant differences in calcium efflux between irradiated and control samples, suggesting these specific microwave conditions did not disrupt this cellular process.
Unknown authors
Scientists exposed conscious rats to low-power pulsed microwaves at 1 and 15 mW/cm² and measured blood flow changes in 20 different brain regions. Both exposure levels increased blood flow by 10-144% in 16 brain areas, with the largest increases in the pineal gland, hypothalamus, and temporal cortex. This demonstrates that microwave radiation at power levels similar to everyday devices can trigger significant metabolic changes in brain tissue.
Unknown authors
This technical report examined how 2450 MHz microwave radiation affects immune system function and blood cell production in laboratory mice. The research focused on changes in lymphocytes and other blood cells after microwave exposure. This frequency matches common household microwave ovens and some industrial heating applications.