Frei P et al. · 2012
Researchers enrolled 1375 randomly selected participants from Basel, Switzerland, in 2008 with a one-year follow-up and 82% participation rate. Far-field environmental RF-EMF exposure was predicted using a validated model, and near-field exposure was assessed via self-reported phone use and operator data. For participants in the top decile of far-field exposure compared to those below the median, the change in von Zerssen score was -0.12 (95% CI -1.79 to 1.56) and the change in HIT-6 score was -0.37 (95% CI -1.80 to 1.07). Exposure to near-field sources and changes in exposure over time were not related to non-specific symptoms, and no association was observed for tinnitus.
Elwood JM. · 2012
An extensive study investigated the health of embassy staff and their families, comparing Moscow embassy staff with staff in other Eastern European US embassies. The resulting large report has never been published in peer reviewed literature. The extensive study reports on mortality and morbidity, recorded on medical records and by regular examinations, and on self-reported symptoms. Exposure levels were low, but similar or greater than present-day exposures to radiofrequencies sources such as cell phone base stations. The conclusions were that no adverse health effects of the radiation were shown.
Deltour I et al. · 2012
Researchers analyzed annual age-standardized glioma incidence rates in men and women aged 20 to 79 years in the Nordic countries from 1979 to 2008 using joinpoint regression, including 35,250 cases. Incidence rates decreased in young men since 1987, remained stable in middle-aged men, and increased slightly in older men, with an overall annual percent change of 0.4% in men and 0.3% in women. Simulations indicated that relative risks of 2.0 for up to 15 years, 1.5 for up to 10 years, and 1.2 for up to 5 years for all users, as well as risks of 2.0 for up to 5 years for heavy users, were incompatible with observed trends.
Colak C et al. · 2012
Researchers exposed rats to 3G MP electromagnetic radiation for 20 days, 40 minutes per day, with 20 minutes in active speech position and 20 minutes in passive listening position. The results did not show significant differences in blood pressure, heart rate, or ECG parameters among the groups before or after the experiment. Melatonin did not exhibit any additional effects, neither beneficial nor hazardous, on the heart hemodynamics of rats.
Bourthoumieu S et al. · 2012
Researchers exposed human amniotic cells to GSM-900 radiofrequency fields for 24 hours at SARs of 0.25, 1, 2, and 4 W/kg. They measured p53 protein expression and phosphorylation at serine 15 and 37 using Western blot after three independent exposures from three donors. No significant changes in p53 expression or activation were found at any of the tested SARs up to 4 W/kg in human embryonic cells. Bleomycin-exposed cells served as a positive control.
Hong MN et al. · 2012
Researchers exposed human MCF10A mammary epithelial cells to single frequencies of 837 MHz or 1950 MHz, or both frequencies together, at a SAR of 4 W/kg for 2 hours while maintaining isothermal temperature. They measured intracellular ROS, SOD enzyme activity, and GSH/GSSG ratio and found no statistically significant alterations from either single or multiple RF radiation exposures. Ionizing radiation used as a positive control showed evident changes in all measured endpoints. The results indicate that single or multiple RF radiation exposure did not elicit oxidative stress in MCF10A cells under these conditions.
Vannoni D et al. · 2012
Researchers cultured isolated human osteoarthritic chondrocytes in vitro, some stimulated with IL-1beta or IGF-1 to mimic osteoarthritis imbalance. The cells were exposed to extremely low frequency (100 Hz) electromagnetic fields and to Therapeutic Application of Musically Modulated Electromagnetic Fields (TAMMEF) with variable frequencies, intensities, and waveforms. Using flow cytometry, they tested effects on chondrocyte metabolism. Exposure to both systems enhanced cell proliferation and did not generate reactive oxygen species, cause glutathione depletion, change mitochondrial transmembrane potential, or induce apoptosis.
Jin YB et al. · 2012
Researchers exposed mouse NIH3T3 and human WI-38 fibroblast cells to a 60 Hz, 1 mT magnetic field for 4 hours, with or without ionizing radiation, hydrogen peroxide, or c-Myc activation. Cells exposed to the magnetic field alone showed no significant difference in micronucleus frequency compared to unexposed cells. No synergistic effects were observed when the magnetic field was combined with ionizing radiation, hydrogen peroxide, or c-Myc activation.
Hong MN et al. · 2012
Researchers exposed MCF10A human breast epithelial cells to 1 mT of 60 Hz ELF-MF for 4 hours and measured intracellular ROS level, SOD activity, and GSH/GSSG ratio. The ELF-MF exposed cells showed no statistically significant changes in these parameters compared to incubator controls or sham-exposed cells. In contrast, ionizing radiation exposed cells showed marked changes in ROS level, SOD activity, and GSH/GSSG ratio, and were positive for morphological changes and SA-β-Gal activity.
Wallace D et al. · 2012
Researchers exposed Fifty-one people who reported perceived sensitivity to electromagnetic fields and 132 controls to a 420 MHz TETRA signal at 10 mW/m² and sham conditions under double-blind conditions. Cognitive measures of short-term memory, working memory, and attention were administered while physiological responses including blood volume pulse, heart rate, and skin conductance were monitored. No differences in cognitive performance or physiological responses were observed between TETRA exposure and sham in either group.
Mohler E et al. · 2012
Researchers conducted a prospective cohort study with 955 participants aged 30 to 60 years to investigate whether sleep quality is affected by mobile phone use or other RF-EMF sources. Sleep quality and daytime sleepiness were assessed using standardized questionnaires at baseline in May 2008 and follow-up in May 2009. In longitudinal analyses, neither operator-recorded nor self-reported mobile phone use was associated with sleep disturbances or daytime sleepiness.
Kwon MS et al. · 2012
Researchers investigated effects of 902.4 MHz GSM radiation on cerebral blood flow using PET with 15O-water tracer. Fifteen young healthy men were exposed to radiation at three head locations and sham exposure while performing a visual task. Exposure caused slight ear canal temperature rise but did not affect brain hemodynamics or task performance. Results showed no evidence of acute effects on cerebral blood flow.
Curcio G et al. · 2012
The study aimed to investigate the effects of GSM signal exposure on brain BOLD response and its time course during a Go-NoGo task. Participants were tested twice, once with real GSM radiofrequency signal exposure and once with a sham exposure as a placebo condition. BOLD response and reaction times were measured before and after exposure while participants performed the task. Reaction times to the somatosensory task did not change with real versus sham exposure, and Go responses activated the inferior parietal lobule, insula, precentral and postcentral gyri similarly after both exposures with no significant ROI effects.
Sudan M, Kheifets L, Arah O, Olsen J, Zeltzer L. · 2012
Researchers used data from the Danish National Birth Cohort, which enrolled pregnant women from 1996 to 2002, and assessed children at age seven via maternal questionnaire. They analyzed 52,680 children using multivariable adjusted models to relate prenatal only, postnatal only, or both prenatal and postnatal cell phone exposure to migraines and headache-related symptoms. Children with both prenatal and postnatal exposure had higher odds of migraines (OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.01-1.68) and headache-related symptoms (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.23-1.40) compared to unexposed children.
Zajdel R et al. · 2012
Researchers compared reaction times of 42 healthy students during instruction, control without phone, and a session with their mobile phone ringing. Reaction times were 597 ms in control, 633 ms with phone ringing, and 673 ms in instruction, with significant differences across sessions (p < 0.001). Women had longer reaction times than men in instruction and mobile sessions, while men were significantly faster in those sessions; no gender difference appeared in control.
Panagopoulos DJ · 2012
Researchers studied the effect of GSM radiation on ovarian development in virgin Drosophila melanogaster females. Exposed insects had significantly smaller ovaries due to destruction of egg chambers from DNA damage and cell death. The ovarian size difference peaked at 39-45 hours after eclosion and then decreased as mature eggs were laid in sham-exposed flies.
Nazıroğlu M, Ciğ B, Doğan S, Uğuz AC, Dilek S, Faouzi D. · 2012
Researchers divided twelve cell cultures into control and irradiated groups of six each, then further split them into four exposure durations of 1, 2, 12, and 24 hours. Exposed cells showed higher lipid peroxidation, cytosolic free Ca²⁺, and cell numbers than controls. The rise in cytosolic free Ca²⁺ was radiation time-dependent and highest at 24 hours. Reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, vitamin C, and cell viability did not change in any group. 2-aminoethyl diphenylborinate inhibited Ca²⁺ influx by blocking transient receptor potential melastatin 2 channels.
Mortazavi SM et al. · 2012
Researchers conducted a case–control study with 41 dentists and dentistry students, 21 exposed to EMFs from cavitrons and 20 unexposed, collecting blood samples before work at 8:30–9:30 a.m. and after work at 11:30–12:30 a.m. and measuring serum cortisol by ELISA. Morning cortisol levels did not differ significantly between the exposed and control groups. At noon, the exposed group had significantly lower cortisol than the control group. In the exposed group, cortisol decreased significantly from morning to noon. The authors state that EMFs from magnetostrictive cavitrons can decrease serum cortisol in dentists.
Miller G, Zhu G, Wright MJ, Hansell NK, Martin, NG · 2012
Researchers analyzed self-reported mobile phone use, intelligence, and personality traits in two samples of Australian teenaged twins totaling 1,036 individuals. ACE modeling showed substantial heritabilities for voice call frequency (.60 and .34) and text message frequency (.53 and .50), while shared family environment had much weaker effects. Multivariate modeling revealed negative genetic correlations between talking/texting frequency and intelligence (around -.17) and positive genetic correlations with extraversion (about .20 to .40).
Little MP et al. · 2012
Researchers compared glioma incidence trends in the United States with risks reported in the Swedish and Interphone studies. US glioma incidence rates remained essentially stable over a period coinciding with a large rise in mobile phone use. Predicted rates based on the Swedish study were at least 40% higher than observed, while predictions using the Interphone study could match the observed data.
Li CY, Liu CC, Chang YH, Chou LP, Ko MC. · 2012
Researchers conducted a population-based case-control study in Taiwan of children aged 15 or younger diagnosed with neoplasms between 2003 and 2007. Exposure to radiofrequency radiation was estimated from the annual power density of mobile phone base stations in each township over the five years before diagnosis. Higher-than-median exposure was significantly associated with increased odds of all neoplasms combined, but not with leukemia or brain neoplasms individually.
Leung S, Diao Y, Chan K, Siu Y, Wu Y. · 2012
Researchers evaluated the specific absorption rate induced in mobile phone users inside a vehicle across scenarios including handedness, passenger counts, and seating locations. The maximum SAR for users in a vehicle was 5% higher than in free space, while handedness showed no significant difference. SAR values around nonusers' bodies varied considerably and were higher than free space in some circumstances.
Kato Y, Johansson O. · 2012
Hutter HP, Ehrenhöfer L, Freuis E, Hartl P, Kundi M. · 2012
Researchers studied 119 heterosexual couples who each completed questionnaires about their own mobile phone use and their partner's use. Overall agreement between self and proxy reports was poor to moderate, with a concordance coefficient of 0.55 for duration of use. The only item with good agreement was whether a prepaid phone was used, while agreement on the side of the head the phone was held during calls was poorest and only slightly better than chance.
Hässig M, Jud F, Spiess B. · 2012
Researchers examined a dairy farm where many calves were born with nuclear cataracts after a mobile phone base station was erected near the barn. Calves born there had a 3.5 times higher risk of heavy cataract compared to the Swiss average. The investigators excluded usual causes such as infection or poisoning, but the real cause of the increased incidence remains unknown.
