Chief, Bureau of Medicine and Surgery · 1972
The instruction outlined potential health hazards from microwave equipment including radar and set maximum personnel exposure levels. It described that below 1 GHz energy penetrates deep tissues while above 3 GHz heating occurs near the body surface. The eyes and testicles were identified as the most vulnerable organs; the lens can develop cataracts from intense microwave radiation, and testicular effects are considered temporary. Exposure limits were set at 10 mW/cm² for exposures greater than 30 seconds and 300 mJ/cm² for intermittent exposures of 3 to 30 seconds. Medical surveillance required preplacement and periodic examinations, including a comprehensive ophthalmological examination with slit-lamp evaluation, and immediate examination after overexposure above 50 mW/cm².
Leroy S. Lavine et al. · 1972
B. Dörne, R. Gäbele, H. Hille · 1972
Robert M. Lebovitz · 1972
Arthur W. Guy et al. · 1972
This paper summarizes some results of both theoretical and experimental analyses on the electromagnetic heating patterns in multilayered human tissues. Planar, cylindrical, and irregular-shaped layers of human tissue exposed to various electromagnetic sources such as dipoles and rectangular apertures are considered. Thermographic studies on electrically equivalent phantom models of human tissue structures have facilitated the acquisition and interpretation of the experimental data. The results show a general improvement with decreasing frequency of the therapeutic heating patterns of applicators operating in the frequency range of 433 MHz to 2450 MHz.
John A. Eure, James W. Nicolls, Robert L. Elder · 1972
In the spring of 1970 the Bureau of Radiological Health conducted an initial investigation and surveyed a sample of industrial microwave applications to determine potential health hazards. Fifteen conveyorized units operating at 915 MHz or 2450 MHz with powers from 2 kW to 120 kW were measured. Leakage at operator eye level did not exceed 4.0 mW/cm², but maximum leakage at cleaning doors and conveyor slots ranged from below 1.0 to over 200 mW/cm². Units less than one year old emitted no more than 8.0 mW/cm² at conveyor slots, and the authors concluded that with proper maintenance leakage can approach 10 mW/cm² or less at any accessible surface.
S. M. Michaelson · 1972
The paper reviews the pathophysiology of exposure to ultraviolet, infrared, coherent electromagnetic radiation (laser), microwaves, and radio-frequency radiation and the protection guides established for these energies. It states that setting protection standards is a very complicated process because of numerous variables and difficulty obtaining valid data. The objectives of protection are to prevent acute effects and to limit the risks of late effects. Protection standards are the results of empirical approaches to various problems reflecting current qualitative and quantitative knowledge.
Unknown authors · 1972
Haralambos N. Kritikos, Herman P. Schwan · 1972
Hood OC et al. · 1972
M.N. Gnevyshev, K.F. Novikova · 1972
Hardy, J. D. · 1972
Tyagin, N. V. (Nikolay Vasil'yevich) · 1971
The book presents overall characteristics of SHF fields, their applications, measurement principles, and biological effects on the nervous, cardiovascular, circulatory systems, metabolism, and certain animal and human organs. It discusses mechanisms of action and shows that prolonged repeated irradiations produce clinical manifestations divided into asthenic, vegetative-vascular, and diencephalic syndromes of varying severity. Data on permissible exposure levels, medical expert testimony, and protection measures are presented, indicating that workplace measures can nearly eliminate radiation exceeding allowable limits.
Parker J. Staples, Paul F. Griner · 1971
A. F. Klascius · 1971
M. A. Henderson · 1971
David H. Aronofsky · 1971
Brady, M.M. · 1971
C. L. Schepens, M.D. · 1971
Unknown authors · 1971
USAF Radiological Health Laboratory (AFLC) · 1971
No hazardous levels of ionizing, ultraviolet, or microwave radiation were detected aboard the aircraft during flight. Sound levels during flight were considerably above recommended values and were the most significant hazard identified. Clinical examinations of 27 study group personnel and 23 control personnel revealed no differences in lens findings between the groups.
Eugene Edmonds, James Hartranft · 1971
Ninety-three ovens were surveyed, with 29 used for residential use, 62 for commercial use, and 2 for sales demonstration. Seven percent of residential ovens and 23% of commercial ovens leaked above the voluntary industry standard of 10 mW/cm?. Twenty-eight percent of home ovens and 41% of commercial ovens had mechanical deficiencies. Detectable leakage greater than 0.5 mW/cm? was found in 82% of ovens, and 41% exceeded the proposed national standard of 5 mW/cm? at 5 cm distance.
Sol M. Michaelson, Arthur J. Moss · 1971
STEPHEN N. HUNYOR et al. · 1971
Unknown authors · 1971
