6,486 Studies Reviewed. 85.2% of Original Studies Found Biological Effects. The Evidence is Clear.

EMF Research Studies

Browse 6,486 peer-reviewed studies on electromagnetic field health effects from 4 research libraries.

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Viability Studies on Ascospores and Vegetative Cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Exposed to Microwaves at 2450 MHz

P. C. B. Roberts · 1972

Researchers exposed Saccharomyces cerevisiae vegetative cells and ascospores to 2450 MHz microwaves using a hexane-cooled apparatus designed to separate thermal from non-thermal effects. At 40 watts without coolant flow, total loss of viability occurred after 30 seconds for vegetative cells and 40 seconds for spores, while suspension temperatures remained below 33°C.

FIELD TESTING OF MICROWAVE OVENS

Office of Training, Division of Electronic Products · 1972

Interlock testing requires at least two operable safety interlocks and the oven should turn off before leakage exceeds 5 mW/cm² during slow door opening. Closed-door leakage measurements use a standard water load of 275 ml in a 600 ml beaker and the probe is moved along the door crack at no faster than one inch per second. Ovens manufactured after October 6, 1971 must bear a DHEW certification label showing compliance with 42 CFR Part 78.

Microwave Radiation: Biophysical Considerations and Standards Criteria

Herman P. Schwan · 1972

Nonthermal effects are classified as strong (above 10 mW/cm²) or weak (below thermal levels), and the review finds no evidence for weak nonthermal effects. The 10 mW/cm² exposure standard is based on thermal considerations and applies only to microwave frequencies where the human absorption cross-section is near unity; at lower frequencies the guide numbers can be relaxed by orders of magnitude.

THE EFFECT OF MICROWAVE RADIATION ON EVOKED TACTILE AND AUDITORY CNS RESPONSE IN CATS

Arthur W. Guy, James C. Lin, Fredric A. Harris · 1972

The study exposed cat heads to 915 MHz microwave radiation and measured evoked tactile and auditory CNS responses. Changes in latency and/or amplitude occurred at a mean threshold of about 5 mW/cm2. Temperature rises were always associated with the changes. Variations in results were noted with different electrode compositions, suggesting possible artifacts.

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