6,486 Studies Reviewed. 85.2% of Original Studies Found Biological Effects. The Evidence is Clear.

EMF Research Studies

Browse 6,486 peer-reviewed studies on electromagnetic field health effects from 4 research libraries.

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Showing 2,030 studies in Brain & Nervous System

THE EFFECTS OF LOW LEVEL MICROWAVE IRRADIATION UPON REFLEXIVE, OPERANT, AND DISCRIMINATION BEHAVIORS OF THE RAT

Nancy Williams King · 1969

Low-level irradiation (1.5–1.7 mw/gm) reduced responding when correlated with reinforcement or extinction but had no reliable effect during uncorrelated presentations. Low-level microwave irradiation did not act as a discriminative stimulus, although acoustic and visual stimuli were well discriminated. High-level irradiation improved tone discrimination performance for rats where the tone signaled reinforcement, and caused curare-like immobility and elevated rectal temperatures.

Evaluation of electrotherapeutic sleep by evoked potentials

Norbert T. Christman et al. · 1969

The study was designed to evaluate the feasibility of producing sleep in a variety of subjects without the use of sedatives and narcotics. The study used a two-fold approach: detecting physiological changes in evoked scalp potentials from small rectangular currents averaging 0 to 1.5 milliamperes, and detecting changes in evoked potentials from the induced sleep state. Squirrel monkeys were used initially to standardize the recording technique and determine physiological effects of the currents, followed by human volunteers for the quantitative sleep study.

Abdominal Surgery Under Electroanaesthesia

D. H. Reigel et al. · 1969

Major abdominal surgery was performed under electroanesthesia in ten unintubated stump-tail macaque monkeys, with excellent muscle relaxation and complete analgesia at optimal current levels. Simultaneous monitoring of cardiovascular and respiratory systems showed no significant change. Respiratory rate became regular but about 10% slower at full current while minute volume, arterial pH, and blood gas tensions remained unchanged, and only slight blood pressure changes occurred with normal central venous pressure and no extra ECG dispersion.

CHANGES OF MUSCLE ACTION IN BIRDS EXPOSED TO A MICROWAVE FIELD

J.A. TANNER, C. ROMERO-SIERRA, F. VILLA · 1969

A Leghorn chicken was exposed to 9.29 GHz pulsed microwaves at 100 mi/om@ while muscle activity was recorded with an 8-channel pen recorder. At radiation onset, muscle activity increased on the side facing the field and decreased almost to paralysis on the opposite side. After the field was turned off, the chicken recovered normal posture and muscle activity within seconds.

AN OPERANT ELECTROMAGNETIC CHAMBER

Willard E. Caldwell, Earl Gaddis, Morton Werber · 1969

Researchers built an Operant Electromagnetic Chamber with a shielded section and an unshielded section, and exposed animals to 8840 mc radio frequency at a power density of 2.2 to 2.5 milliwatts per square inch. No significant difference in shielded-chamber time occurred when the radio frequency was on during the first half of trials, but when it was on during the second half the animals stayed in the shielded area significantly longer with the frequency off (p < .01).

Whole Body / General
Not an original health-effects study

BIOMEDICAL ASPECTS OF RADIO FREQUENCY AND MICROWAVE RADIATION: A REVIEW OF SELECTED SOVIET, EAST EUROPEAN, AND WESTERN REFERENCES

Zorach R. Glaser, Christopher H. Dodge · 1969

The review compared Soviet and East European literature with Western literature and found a major disagreement over whether nonthermal effects occur below 10 mW/cm2. Occupational exposure standards reflected this divide, with the Soviet limit at 0.01 mW/cm2 and the U.S. limit at 10 mW/cm2 for continuous exposure. Western research was beginning to investigate effects below 10 mW/cm2, but the review noted persistent dosimetry and control-group problems in epidemiological studies.

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