Browse 6,486 peer-reviewed studies on electromagnetic field health effects from 4 research libraries.
Showing 627 studies in Cancer & Tumors
Samkange-Zeeb F, Berg G, Blettner M · 2004
Researchers compared self-reported cellular phone use from 68 participants with network provider records over three months. The correlation for number of calls per day was good at r=0.62, while the correlation for average call duration was moderate at r=0.34. Cumulative phone use showed a correlation of r=0.56.
Park SK,Ha M, Im H-J · 2004
Researchers compared cancer mortality in ten areas with AM radio towers over 100 kW to control areas without towers using Korean death certificates from 1994-1995. All-cancer mortality was significantly higher in exposed areas with a mortality rate ratio of 1.29 (95% CI 1.12-1.49). Leukemia mortality was elevated in exposed areas (MRR 1.70, 95% CI 0.84-3.45), with the highest ratios in children aged 0-14 (MRR 2.29) and young adults aged 15-29 (MRR 2.44). Significant increases were seen at several power levels (100 kW, 250 kW, 500 kW) but without a consistent increasing trend across power groups. The authors concluded that the findings do not prove causation but suggest further analytical studies are needed.
Lonn S, Ahlbom A, Hall P, Feychting M. · 2004
In this population-based case-control study, researchers identified all cases aged 20 to 69 years diagnosed with acoustic neuroma during 1999 to 2002 in certain parts of Sweden. Controls were randomly selected from the study base, stratified on age, sex, and residential area. The overall odds ratio for acoustic neuroma associated with regular mobile phone use was 1.0 with a 95% confidence interval of 0.6 to 1.5. Ten years after the start of mobile phone use the relative risk increased to 1.9 (0.9-4.1), and for tumors on the same side of the head as the phone was normally used, the relative risk was 3.9 (1.6-9.5). The researchers concluded that there was no increased risk for short-term use but suggested an increased risk for at least 10 years' duration.
Hardell L et al. · 2004
Researchers investigated the association between cellular or cordless telephone use and salivary gland tumor risk using cases from six regional cancer registries in Sweden. The study included 267 participating cases and 1053 controls with four controls matched for sex and age per case. No significantly increased risk was found overall, with odds ratios of 0.92 for analogue phones, 1.01 for digital phones, and 0.99 for cordless phones. Similar results were found for different salivary gland localizations and no effect of tumor induction period or latency was seen. The authors noted the study does not permit conclusions for long-term heavy use.
Christensen HC et al. · 2004
Researchers ascertained 106 incident acoustic neuroma cases and matched them with 212 population-based controls between 2000 and 2002. Data came from personal interviews, medical records, radiologic examinations, and socioeconomic records. The overall relative risk of acoustic neuroma was 0.90 with a 95% confidence interval of 0.51 to 1.57. Using a cell phone for 10 years or more did not increase risk compared with short-term use. Tumors were not more frequent on the side of the head where the phone was typically used, and tumor size did not correlate with use patterns.
Marinelli F et al. · 2004
Lonn S et al. · 2004
Researchers used national cancer registries in Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden to obtain cases of benign and malignant primary intracerebral tumors in adults aged 20-79 for the years 1969-98. Overall incidence ranged from 8.4 to 11.8 for men and 5.8 to 9.3 for women, with average annual increases of 0.6% for men and 0.9% for women. The increase was confined to the late 1970s and early 1980s, coinciding with improved diagnostic methods, and incidence remained stable after 1983 during the period of increasing mobile phone use.
Czyz J et al. · 2004
Researchers exposed wild-type and p53-deficient embryonic stem cells to GSM-217 and GSM-Talk modulated electromagnetic fields at 1.71 GHz. GSM-217 exposure significantly increased hsp70 mRNA levels in p53-deficient cells, with a transient rise in c-jun, c-myc, and p21 levels only in those cells. GSM-Talk exposure produced no gene expression changes in either cell type, and cardiac differentiation and cell cycle were unaffected by GSM-217.
Berg G, Schuz J, Samkange-Zeeb F, Blettner M. · 2004
Researchers validated self-reported mobile phone use by comparing it with cumulative emitted power measured by software-modified phones used by 45 volunteers for one month. Self-reported call number correlated with cumulative power at 0.50 and call duration at 0.48, each explaining about 23% of the variance in emitted power. Adding confounding factors such as network provider, contract form, and phone model increased explained variance to 26%, while using the phone while driving or in urban or rural areas showed no association with cumulative power.
Zwirska-Korczala K et al. · 2004
Radzievsky AA et al. · 2004
Researchers used a murine model of B16 F10 melanoma to test millimeter wave treatment at 61.22 GHz with 13.3 x 10(-3) W/cm2 power density, 15-minute exposures to the nose. Five daily exposures starting on day five after tumor cell injection suppressed subcutaneous tumor growth. Pretreatment with naloxone completely abolished this suppression. The same treatment started on day one or day ten was ineffective.
Novoselova EG et al. · 2004
Researchers studied effects of weak microwaves (8.15–18 GHz, 1 µW/cm2, 1.5 h daily) and antioxidant diet on TNF production in healthy and tumor-bearing mice. Microwave radiation and antioxidant diet stimulated TNF production in cells from healthy mice. In tumor-bearing mice, microwave exposure increased TNF production compared to unirradiated mice, while antioxidant diet did not affect TNF secretion. Prolonged microwave treatment decreased tumor growth rate and increased longevity in tumor-bearing mice, but antioxidant diet did not.
Anderson LE et al. · 2004
Researchers set out to determine whether long-term exposure to a 1.6 GHz radiofrequency field would affect cancer incidence in Fischer 344 rats. Offspring were exposed to near-field radiofrequency signals at brain SAR levels of 1.6 W/kg or 0.16 W/kg for 2 hours per day, 5 days per week, from about 36 days old until they were 2 years old. No statistically significant differences were found among treatment groups for neoplastic lesions or other clinical signs.
Unknown authors · 2003
This nested case-control study examined 387 prostate cancer deaths and five controls per case among US electric utility workers. Workers in the highest 10 percent of EMF exposure had an odds ratio of 2.02 for prostate cancer mortality after adjustment for PCB exposure, race, and active work status within the past 2 years. The odds ratio for PCB exposure and prostate cancer mortality was 1.47 with a 95% confidence interval of 0.97 to 2.24 after adjustment for suspected confounding factors. Exposure to high levels of both EMFs and PCBs showed no association with prostate cancer mortality.
Unknown authors · 2003
Residential magnetic field exposure was calculated as a time-weighted average from 1967 until diagnosis using distance, line configuration, and current load, while occupational exposure was classified by an expert panel into three levels based on hours per week above background. The two highest residential exposure categories showed increased odds ratios for women (2.01 and 2.68) but not for men (1.70 and 1.37), and occupational exposure showed no significant association.
Unknown authors · 2003
The article reviews potential health risks from residential and occupational EMF exposure. It examines data from laboratory, epidemiology, and clinical studies along with field measurement surveys and exposure guidelines. Evidence for an association between EMF and childhood cancer is limited but warrants further investigation. Evidence linking EMF exposure to adult cancers from occupational settings is inconsistent and precludes clear conclusions. There is little evidence of an association between EMF and noncancer health effects.
Unknown authors · 2003
Researchers conducted a population-based case-control study of 491 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and 491 matched controls in Québec. Maternal occupational ELF-MF exposure during pregnancy was estimated from prenatal occupational history using three metrics. Comparing the highest 10% of exposed mothers to others, leukemia risk was moderately increased across all metrics. The highest odds ratio was 2.5 (95% confidence interval = 1.2-5.0) for maximum exposure of 0.4 microtesla or more.
Unknown authors · 2003
Unknown authors · 2003
This nested case-control study tested whether exposure to electromagnetic fields from high-voltage power lines increases hematological cancer incidence in adults. Residential time-weighted average magnetic fields were calculated from 1967 until diagnosis using cut-off points at 0.05 and 0.20 microT. The two highest residential exposure categories showed non-significant elevated odds ratios for all leukemia combined (OR 1.3, 95% CI 0.7-2.5 and OR 1.5, 95% CI 0.8-3.0). The increased risk was confined to chronic lymphocytic leukemia, acute lymphocytic and acute myeloid leukemia. Occupational exposure showed no significant association for any cancer site.
Warren HG, Prevatt AA, Daly KA, Antonelli PJ. · 2003
Researchers conducted a case-control study using a structured telephone survey at an academic tertiary-care referral center, matching 18 patients with IFN tumors to control groups with acoustic neuroma, rhinosinusitis, and dysphonia or gastroesophageal reflux disease. The odds ratio for developing an IFN tumor was 0.6 (95% CI, 0.2-1.9) with any handheld cellular telephone use and 0.4 (95% CI, 0.1-2.1) with regular cellular telephone use. No factors were associated with an increased risk for IFN tumor development, and regular cellular telephone use did not appear to be associated with a higher risk.
Simsek V, Sahin H, Akay AF, Kaya H, Bircan MK · 2003
Average free PSA was 2.070 ng/ml before and 2.0 ng/ml after, while total PSA was 0.500 ng/ml before and 0.505 ng/ml after. No significant difference was found between initial and final PSA values (p > 0.05).
Port M, Abend M, Romer B, Van Beuningen D. · 2003
Researchers exposed human leukemia HL-60 cells in vitro to high-frequency electromagnetic fields 25 times higher than ICNIRP occupational reference levels. Cells were harvested at 0, 24, 48, and 72 hours after exposure, and apoptosis, micronuclei, abnormal cells, and expression of 1176 genes were measured. No significant changes were found in apoptosis, micronucleation, abnormal cells, or differential gene expression.
La Regina M et al. · 2003
Eighty male and 80 female rats were randomly placed in each of three irradiation groups: sham, 835.62 MHz FDMA, and 847.74 MHz CDMA, with exposure 4 hours per day, 5 days per week for 2 years. There were no significant differences in final body weights or survival days between groups, and no significant differences in any tumor incidence between treated and sham-exposed animals. The researchers concluded that chronic exposure to 835.62 MHz FDMA or 847.74 MHz CDMA RF radiation had no significant effect on spontaneous tumor incidence in F344 rats.
Kahn AA et al. · 2003
Researchers analysed the association between mobile phone use and the anatomical distribution of glial brain tumours in Irish neurosurgical patients. Fifty mobile phone users and twenty three non-users were identified. Fisher's exact test revealed no statistical significance for glioma location based on handedness in the mobile phone user group and for tumour location in both user and non-user groups.
Heikkinen P et al. · 2003
Researchers evaluated the effects of low-level radiofrequency radiation on ultraviolet-induced skin tumorigenesis in ornithine decarboxylase transgenic and non-transgenic mice. UV exposure caused macroscopic skin tumours in 11.5% of non-transgenic and 36.8% of transgenic animals. Radiofrequency radiation did not significantly affect tumour development in either mouse type, though tumour appearance was slightly accelerated in non-transgenic animals. RFR exposure did not affect urinary melatonin metabolite excretion or skin polyamine levels.