EMF Research Studies

Effect of short-wave diathermy on the cutaneous temperatures of the feet

Bennett RL, Hines EA, Krusen FH · 1941

PHYSICAL THERAPY IN CHRONIC DISEASES (With Special Reference to Peripheral Vascular Disease and Ulcerations.)

DR. I. M. LEAVY · 1935

Action des ondes électro-magnétiques sur les matières colorantes photodynamiques dans le coeur des batraciens

Roffo, A. S., Jr. · 1934

Researchers tested neutral red, methylene blue, erythrosin, and eosin on batrachian hearts. Irradiated solutions may exert a much stronger action on the hearts of batrachia than non-irradiated solutions. The substances acted on the auriculo-ventricular and intraventricular systems, provoking A.V. and I.V. blocks with diminished systolic amplitude.

THE EFFECT OF HYPERPYREXIA INDUCED BY RADIATION UPON THE LEUKOCYTE COUNT

William Bierman, M.D. · 1934

Researchers induced hyperpyrexia in 24 human subjects using 30 m radio waves, raising rectal temperature to 104° to 106° F. and maintaining it for 3 to 4 hours. White blood cells initially fell 25 to 30 per cent by the end of the first or second hour. By the third to fifth hour leukocyte counts rose to 80 per cent above baseline, reaching as high as 22,600, and immature forms such as myelocytes, metamyelocytes, premyelocytes, and myeloblasts appeared.

Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Gefässinnervation

P. Grützner, R. Heidenhain · 1878

MICROWAVE EFFECTS ON HUMAN COLONY FORMING MARROW CELLS

Unknown authors

Researchers exposed marrow cells from three leukemia patients in remission to 2450 MHz continuous-wave microwaves at four power levels for 15 minutes. Sham exposures used the same chamber without microwave power. Colony formation was significantly reduced at 500 and 1000 mW/cm2 but not at lower power levels.

THE INCREASE IN FLUID PRODUCTION DURING ULTRASHORT WAVE FLOW-THROUGH IN THE HEAD

H. C. Gloz

Tests on 15 patients using Siemens tube senders showed a lumbar fluid pressure rise from 5 to 52 mm that remained after the current was turned off. The most effective electrode distance was 25 mm with Schliephake electrodes. In two-thirds of cases systolic blood pressure dropped to 20 mm while diastolic pressure stayed constant. Retinal examination revealed venous filling and coiling within 30 seconds, arterial dilation by 1-2 minutes, and these vascular changes persisted for 1-2 hours after exposure.

Pace Alert - A Microwave Radiation Warning Device For Pacemaker Patients

Unknown authors

The Department of Health, Education and Welfare reported that implanted pacemaker dysfunction has been observed near electrocautery, radar, communications systems, electric shavers, spark coils, and gasoline ignition systems. The Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation stated that interference signals mimicking a heartbeat can be misinterpreted by pacemakers and change their output. Even microwave ovens complying with leakage limits of 0.0001 mW/cm2 at 5cm may cause electromagnetic interference within a few meters.

MICROWAVE ASPECTS OF MILLIMETER WAVE CW CELL IRRADIATION STUDIES

Unknown authors

The paper describes a microwave exposure system for three experiments using CW millimeter waves. The system uses a Siemens RWO-60 backward wave oscillator powered by a Micro-Now 702 supply with a 2-hour frequency stability of at least 1 part in 2000 near 50 GHz. A Narda horn with a 1 cm by 1.43 cm aperture is positioned about 2 mm above each biological sample, which is a 1-2.5 mm layer that absorbs nearly all incident power. The instrumentation measures net power leaving the horn and uses a standing wave indicator to keep power constant as samples are changed. The exposure chamber is temperature-stabilized by a water bath, and the horn is heated to match the bath temperature.

EFFECTS OF LOW POWER MICROWAVES ON THE LOCAL CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW OF CONSCIOUS RATS

Unknown authors

Researchers measured local cerebral blood flow in multiple brain regions of conscious rats using a radioactive iodoantipyrine technique. Rats were exposed for 30 minutes to pulsed microwaves at 1 mW/cm² or 15 mW/cm² average power density, or sham exposure. Both exposure levels increased blood flow by 10 to 144 percent in 16 of 20 regions, with the largest significant increases in the pineal, hypothalamus, and temporal cortex at 1 mW/cm² and in the pineal, temporal cortex, inferior colliculus, and medial geniculate at 15 mW/cm².

IMMUNOLOGIC AND HEMATOPOIETIC ALTERATIONS BY 2450 MHZ RADIATION

Unknown authors

LOW LEVEL MICROWAVE EFFECTS ON THE TOTAL IRON BINDING CAPACITY OF PREGNANT RATS

W.D. Travers, R.J. Vetter

Researchers randomly assigned pregnant rats to six groups and exposed them daily for 15 days to 0, 5, or 25 mW/cm² of 2450 MHz microwave radiation for 10 or 20 minutes. Blood samples were taken before exposure on day 5 and on days 10, 15, and 20 of pregnancy to measure serum iron, unsaturated iron binding capacity, and total iron binding capacity. Total iron binding capacity increased with higher power densities, and significant differences were found between power densities, sampling days, and exposure durations. Rats exposed to 25 mW/cm² for 20 minutes showed a statistically significant increase in total iron binding capacity, while control and low-exposure groups initially dropped.

Engineering Considerations of Asynchronous Pacing - Input Signals to Pacemakers in a Hospital Environment

Bryan Parker, Seymour Furman, Doris J. W. Escher

PROBLEMS OF OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE IN HANDLING ULTRASHORT WAVE RADIO TRANSMITTERS USED IN TV AND BROADCASTING

N. N. Goncharova, V. B. Karamyshev, N. V. Maksimenko

The paper examines occupational hygiene and effects of ultrashort wave electromagnetic fields on TV and radio station employees. Physiological investigations at workplaces found that operators servicing ultrashort wave transmitters exhibit functional changes in cardiovascular and central nervous systems during the day. The high-frequency electromagnetic field of considerable intensity was identified as an especially unfavorable factor. Protective and prophylactic measures are needed to improve work conditions.

EFFECTS OF MICROWAVE IRRADIATION IN VIVO ON RABBIT BLOOD SERUM

Lewis C. Gershman

Researchers exposed rabbits to microwave radiation at 5.85 GHz pulsed or 2.45 GHz continuous wave at 15 milliwatts/cm² for one hour daily over ten days. The previously reported decrease in albumin/globulin ratio was not observed. The authors concluded that microwave irradiation under these conditions had no significant effect on the animals' physiologic processes.

MICROWAVE DIATHERMY TREATMENT OF THE HUMAN THIGH PART I The Experimental Measurement of the Muscle Blood Flow in the Thigh Undergoing Microwave Diathermy Treatment

redacted

Resting blood flow rates were about 2 ml/min/100 gm and maximum rates reached 32 ml/min/100 gm at depths of 1.5 cm and 3.0 cm. Microwave heating alone increased blood flow at the shallow depth of 1.5 cm. Adding surface cooling before and during heating eliminated the flow increase at the shallow depth but augmented perfusion at the deeper depth.

PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECT OF ELECTRIC CURRENTS

Unknown authors

HYPERBARIA AND RADIATION

S. M. Michaelson

EFFECTS OF MAGNETIC FIELDS ON ANIMAL ORGANS

P. Jitariu

DECREASE IN THE FUNCTIONAL ABILITIES OF THE HEART AS A RESULT OF EXPOSURE OF AN ORGANISM TO AN ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD OF INDUSTRIAL FREQUENCY

E.V. Prokhvatilo

CARDIOVASCULAR RESPONSE OF RATS EXPOSED TO 60-HZ ELECTRIC FIELDS

Unknown authors

Cardiac and Neural Effects of Radar Wavelengths

Allan H. Frey

CHANGES IN THE ELECTROCARDIOGRAMS OF RATS AND DOGS EXPOSED TO DC MAGNETIC FIELDS

Unknown authors

THE EFFECT ON THE HEART RATE OF EMBRYONIC QUAIL OF 2450 MHz ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES

Unknown authors

Researchers exposed Japanese quail embryos aged 8 to 13 days to 2450 MHz continuous-wave and pulsed electromagnetic waves at specific absorption rates from 0.3 to 30 mW/g. Heart rate was found to depend strongly on temperature, with a linear relationship between 36°C and 39°C. No effect of electromagnetic exposure on heart rate was observed beyond the changes caused by temperature.

INFLUENCE OF PULSED MICROWAVE RADIATION ON THE LYMPHOCYTES OF RATS

Unknown authors

Researchers exposed 20 young male rats to pulsed microwaves at 24.4 mW/cm² for seven weeks, five days per week, four hours per day. A significant drop in absolute lymphocyte count occurred from the fifth week of irradiation and persisted until ten weeks after exposure ended. The percentage of large lymphocytes remained relatively higher in irradiated rats throughout most of the exposure period. No significant changes were found in nucleolar coefficient or nucleoli types except a transient drop in the nucleolar coefficient during the first week. In a second experiment, adult rats were exposed to 1 mW/cm² pulsed microwaves for 14 weeks and no significant changes were found in lymphocyte counts or nucleolar characteristics.