Sudan M, Kheifets L, Arah OA, Olsen J. · 2013
The Danish National Birth Cohort enrolled pregnant women from 1996 to 2002 and conducted detailed interviews at multiple time points up to age 7. Researchers used three statistical methods to examine cell phone use at age 7 in relation to hearing loss at age 7. Weak associations were observed, with odds ratios of 1.21, 1.23, and 1.22 from the three models. The authors cautioned that biases could affect the findings and that the results are not sufficient to conclude an effect of cell phone exposures on hearing.
Redmayne M, Smith E, and Abramson MJ · 2013
More frequent cellphone and cordless phone calls were associated with higher odds of headaches, wired headsets with tinnitus, wireless headsets with headache, feeling down or depressed, and waking at night, and being woken by a cellphone at night was strongly linked to daytime tiredness. The study reported that 36% of tested associations were statistically significant, more than the 5% expected by chance, and several showed dose-dependent patterns.
Havas M, Marrongelle J · 2013
This study replicated earlier research by analyzing heart rate variability (HRV) responses in 69 subjects between the ages of 26 and 80 in both Canada and the USA. Subjects were exposed for 3-minute intervals to radiation generated by a 2.4-GHz cordless phone base station at 3-8 μW/cm². Based on HRV analyses, 7% of subjects were classified as "moderately to very" sensitive, 29% as "little to moderately" sensitive, and 30% as "not to little" sensitive.
Kitaoka K, Kitamura M, Aoi S, Shimizu N, Yoshizaki K. · 2013
Researchers investigated whether chronic extremely low-frequency magnetic field exposure affected emotional behavior and corticosterone synthesis in mice, using an intensity of 3 mT over a total exposure of 200 hours. Exposed mice showed a significant increase in total immobility time in a forced swim test and showed latency to enter the light box in a light-dark transition test, compared with sham-treated mice. Corticosterone secretion was significantly high in the exposed mice, but no changes were observed in adrenocorticotropic hormone or stress-response gene expression, and Cyp17a1 mRNA was significantly reduced.
Narayanan SN et al. · 2013
Researchers exposed male adolescent rats to radio-frequency electromagnetic radiation at 900 MHz from an active mobile phone, then tested their emotionality and locomotion. In the elevated plus maze test, exposed rats showed significantly reduced open-arm entries, time on open arms, and distance on open arms, along with decreased rearing and grooming frequency. Total distance travelled and total arm entries did not differ significantly between exposed and control rats.
Aboul Ezz HS, Khadrawy YA, Ahmed NA, Radwan NM, El Bakry MM · 2013
Researchers investigated the effect of electromagnetic radiation on concentrations of dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin in the hippocampus, hypothalamus, midbrain, and medulla oblongata of adult rats. Adult rats were exposed daily to electromagnetic radiation at 1800 MHz, with a specific absorption rate of 0.843 W/kg and power density of 0.02 mW/cm2, modulated at 217 Hz. Measurements were taken after 1, 2, and 4 months of daily exposure, and also after stopping exposure for 1 month following 4 months of daily exposure. The exposure resulted in significant changes in dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin in all four brain areas studied.
Unknown authors · 2012
Researchers surveyed 373 adolescents in the Wellington Region of New Zealand about their SMS texting and cordless phone call estimates. The recall data showed a logarithmic mental process with responses becoming less specific as leading digits increased from 1 to 9. Sixty-nine percent of weekly text responses were rounded to a single non-zero digit such as 2, 20, or 200.
Wallace D et al. · 2012
Researchers conducted a randomized double-blind provocation study to test whether short-term exposure to a TETRA base station signal affects health and well-being. Fifty-one electrosensitive individuals and 132 matched controls took part, with 48 electrosensitive and 132 control participants completing double-blind tests in a screened semianechoic chamber. Under double-blind conditions, no differences were found on any measure between TETRA and sham exposure, and neither group could detect the signal above chance. When conditions were not double-blind, electrosensitive participants reported feeling worse and more severe symptoms during TETRA exposure. The researchers suggest that adverse symptoms in electrosensitive individuals are due to the belief of harm from TETRA base stations.
Kwon MK, Kim SK, Koo JM, Choi JY, Kim DW. · 2012
The study used a double-blind design with 17 EHS and 20 non-EHS volunteers exposed to real and sham RF-EMF sessions. There was no indication that EHS subjects perceive RF-EMFs better than non-EHS subjects. Exposure used a WCDMA module at 1950 MHz with an average power of 24 dBm and a specific absorption rate of 1.57 W/kg for 32 min.
Kwon MK, Choi JY, Kim SK, Yoo TK, Kim DW. · 2012
In this double-blind study, two volunteer groups of 17 EHS and 20 non-EHS subjects were simultaneously investigated for physiological changes (heart rate, heart rate variability, and respiration rate), eight subjective symptoms, and perception of RF-EMFs during real and sham exposure sessions. Experiments were conducted using a dummy phone containing a WCDMA module (average power, 24 dBm at 1950 MHz; specific absorption rate, 1.57 W/kg) within a headset placed on the head for 32 min. WCDMA RF-EMFs generated no physiological changes or subjective symptoms in either group, and there was no evidence that EHS subjects perceived RF-EMFs better than non-EHS subjects.
Frei P et al. · 2012
Researchers enrolled 1375 randomly selected participants from Basel, Switzerland, in 2008 with a one-year follow-up and 82% participation rate. Far-field environmental RF-EMF exposure was predicted using a validated model, and near-field exposure was assessed via self-reported phone use and operator data. For participants in the top decile of far-field exposure compared to those below the median, the change in von Zerssen score was -0.12 (95% CI -1.79 to 1.56) and the change in HIT-6 score was -0.37 (95% CI -1.80 to 1.07). Exposure to near-field sources and changes in exposure over time were not related to non-specific symptoms, and no association was observed for tinnitus.
Augner C, Gnambs T, Winker R, Barth A. · 2012
The meta-analysis aimed to clarify whether RF-EMF influence well-being in self-reported sensitive persons and non-sensitive people. It included 17 studies with 1174 participants and combined the single effects of subjective and objective outcomes into a single population parameter. No significant impact of short-term RF-EMF exposure was found on any parameter.
Wallace D et al. · 2012
Researchers exposed Fifty-one people who reported perceived sensitivity to electromagnetic fields and 132 controls to a 420 MHz TETRA signal at 10 mW/m² and sham conditions under double-blind conditions. Cognitive measures of short-term memory, working memory, and attention were administered while physiological responses including blood volume pulse, heart rate, and skin conductance were monitored. No differences in cognitive performance or physiological responses were observed between TETRA exposure and sham in either group.
Mohler E et al. · 2012
Researchers conducted a prospective cohort study with 955 participants aged 30 to 60 years to investigate whether sleep quality is affected by mobile phone use or other RF-EMF sources. Sleep quality and daytime sleepiness were assessed using standardized questionnaires at baseline in May 2008 and follow-up in May 2009. In longitudinal analyses, neither operator-recorded nor self-reported mobile phone use was associated with sleep disturbances or daytime sleepiness.
Sudan M, Kheifets L, Arah O, Olsen J, Zeltzer L. · 2012
Researchers used data from the Danish National Birth Cohort, which enrolled pregnant women from 1996 to 2002, and assessed children at age seven via maternal questionnaire. They analyzed 52,680 children using multivariable adjusted models to relate prenatal only, postnatal only, or both prenatal and postnatal cell phone exposure to migraines and headache-related symptoms. Children with both prenatal and postnatal exposure had higher odds of migraines (OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.01-1.68) and headache-related symptoms (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.23-1.40) compared to unexposed children.
Korpinen L, Pääkkönen R. · 2012
Researchers conducted a cross-sectional study by mailing a questionnaire to 15,000 working-age Finns and analyzed 6121 responses using logistic regression models. During leisure time, 13.7% of respondents reported close call situations and 2.4% reported accidents in which mobile phone use had a partial effect. At work, the corresponding percentages were 4.5% for close calls and 0.4% for accidents. Men, younger people, and employed individuals tended to have more mobile-phone-related incidents, and sleep disturbances with minor aches were linked to a slight increase in such incidents.
Kato Y, Johansson O. · 2012
Bortkiewicz A et al. · 2012
The study surveyed 181 men and 319 women from 500 households in five regions of Łódź, measuring electric fields in flats near base stations. Electric field strength above 0.8 V/m was found in 12 % of flats, and no significant correlation was observed between field strength and distance from the base stations. Headache was reported by 57 % of participants, most often by those living 100–150 m from a base station (p=0.013), while impaired memory was reported by 24.4 % of participants, mainly by those living farther than 150 m (p=0.004). The authors noted that the lack of correlation between measured electric field strength and symptoms, contrasted with distance-related symptom patterns, suggests new exposure metrics may be needed.
Baliatsas C, Van Kamp I, Lebret E, Rubin GJ. · 2012
Korpinar MA, Kalkan MT, Tuncel H. · 2012
Anxiety and stress-related behavioral changes were investigated by elevated plus-maze and hole-board systems. In the elevated plus-maze, exposed rats spent proportionally less time on open arms than control rats (0.12±0.08 versus 0.34±0.18, p <0.01), while hole-board results showed no statistically significant differences between the two groups.
Bodera P et al. · 2012
Researchers studied how high-frequency electromagnetic fields affect pain perception and the pain-relieving activity of tramadol in rats. Exposures at 1500 MHz and modulated 1800 MHz were applied, and paw withdrawal latency to a thermal stimulus was measured before and after injections of either tramadol or a vehicle. EMF exposure alone produced no differences in pain perception compared with controls, but EMF at both frequencies transiently suppressed the analgesic effect of tramadol at 30 minutes after drug injection.
Unknown authors · 2011
Unknown authors · 2011
Health professionals face patients reporting symptoms they connect to electromagnetic radiation exposure as wireless telecommunication expands. Scientists disagree whether electromagnetic hypersensitivity is a real phenomenon from common exposures or is psychosomatic. The World Health Organization and some nations are exploring this condition linked to non-specific, multi-system, often debilitating symptoms. Patients with EHS report physiological complaints plus social and personal challenges that impair normal functioning. The review provides recommendations for health professionals caring for individuals complaining of EHS.
Unknown authors · 2011
This review updated a previous systematic review on the association between radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF-EMF) exposure and health-related quality of life that included studies published before August 2007. Nine randomized trials addressed short-term close-to-body RF-EMF exposures such as mobile phones, and six randomized trials addressed short-term far-field exposure from base stations, while eight studies evaluated environmental far-field RF-EMF exposure. In most of the randomized trials, no exposure-response association was observed. Similarly, most of the recent observational studies did not show associations between RF-EMF exposure and non-specific symptoms.
Kwon MK, Nam KC, Lee da S, Jang KH, Kim DW. · 2011
Researchers conducted a double-blind provocation study with 10 self-reported electromagnetic hypersensitivity and 10 non-hypersensitivity volunteers. Participants were exposed to WCDMA RF fields at 1950 MHz with 24 dBm output and a specific absorption rate of 1.57 W/kg for 30 minutes. The 30-minute exposure did not produce any physiological changes in either group.
