Tamrin et al · 2016
The authors discuss the importance of controlling stem cell fate in research. They review how mechanical, chemical, and electrical cues have been used to control stem cell fate. The review explores the electromagnetic nature of cells and effects of EMF on factors influencing cell fate. The authors suggest EMFs could be engineered to control stem cell fate decisions. They note that mechanisms remain unclear and need further study.
Rauš Balind S, M. · 2016
Zhang Z, Zhang J, Yang C-J, Lian H-Y, Yu H, Huang X-M, Cai P · 2016
Shen Y, Xia R, Jiang H, Chen Y, Hong L, Yu Y, Xu Z, Zeng Q · 2016
Researchers exposed Chinese Hamster Lung cells to a 0.4mT 50Hz sinusoidal EMF for 30 minutes or 24 hours. When autophagy was blocked with Bafilomycin A1, cell apoptosis increased, while EMF-induced autophagy protected cells from severe adverse consequences.
Liu Y, Liu W-B, Liu K-J, Ao L, Cao J, Zhong JL, Liu J-Y · 2016
Researchers exposed mouse spermatocyte-derived GC-2 cells to a 50 Hz ELF-EMF for 72 hours at intensities of 1 mT, 2 mT, and 3 mT. miR-26b-5p expression changed in response to different magnetic field intensities. Overexpressing miR-26b-5p significantly decreased G0/G1 phase cells and slightly increased S phase cells compared to sham-exposed cells. CCND2 was identified as a direct target of miR-26b-5p, and both miR-26b-5p and ELF-EMF altered CCND2 expression at mRNA and protein levels.
de Kleijn S, G. · 2016
Alchalabi ASH et al. · 2016
The primary analysis set included 275 patients in the N2D group, 275 in the N1D group, and 272 in the 2LPEG group. The primary endpoint of successful overall bowel cleansing (HCS) was achieved by 92.0% in the N2D group, 89.1% in the N1D group, and 87.5% in the 2LPEG group. Excellent or good cleansing rates in the ascending colon were 31.6% for N2D, 33.8% for N1D, and 15.1% for 2LPEG. Treatment-related adverse events occurred in 11.5% of N2D patients, 14.9% of N1D patients, and 7.6% of 2LPEG patients.
Calvente I et al. · 2016
Ohtani S et al. · 2016
Researchers exposed Sprague-Dawley rats to 2.14 GHz W-CDMA RF signals at whole-body averaged SAR of 4 W/kg and 0.4 W/kg. At 4 W/kg the core temperature rose about 1.5°C and plateaued for the remainder of the exposure. Heat-shock protein and transcription factor genes were significantly upregulated in the cerebral cortex and cerebellum after 6 hr/day exposure at 4 W/kg, but not after 3 hr/day. No significant changes in core temperature or gene expression occurred at 0.4 W/kg.
Hardell L et al · 2016
Researchers used an exposimeter to measure radiofrequency radiation across 20 bands from 88 to 5,850 MHz at Stockholm Central Railway Station. They recorded 1,669 data points and found a median total exposure of 921 μW/m2 with mean levels varying between 2,817 and 4,891 μW/m2 per walking round. High mean measurements were observed for GSM + UMTS 900 downlink and UMTS 2100 downlink, and almost all levels exceeded the BioInitiative precautionary target of 3–6 μW/m2.
Singh K et al. · 2016
The study aimed to compare health complaints and salivary flow rates between populations living near and far from mobile phone base stations in Jaipur, India. Sleep disturbances were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and other health problems were recorded via questionnaire. A majority of residents near the base stations reported sleep disturbances, headache, dizziness, irritability, concentration difficulties, and hypertension. Stimulated salivary secretion was significantly lower in the exposed group compared to controls (P < 0.01). The authors concluded that prolonged exposure effects cannot be ruled out and further studies are warranted.
Shekoohi Shooli F et al. · 2016
In this study 30 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups of ten. The control group received no radiation, the sham group was exposed to a switched-off jammer, and the exposure group was placed 50 cm from the jammer after a 12-hour fast. A statistically significant difference was observed between the control and exposure groups at 24, 48, and 72 hours (p <0.001, <0.001, and 0.002), while no significant difference was found between control and sham groups.
Paik MJ, Kim HS, Lee YS, Do Choi H, Pack JK, Kim N, Ahn YH · 2016
Researchers performed metabolomic analysis of urinary polyamines from rats exposed to 915 MHz RFID signals for 8 h/day for 2 weeks using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Total polyamine levels and eight specific polyamines decreased after both sham and RFID exposure compared to before exposure, while N(1)-acetylspermine increased significantly in both groups. N(1)-acetylspermine rose 54% after RFID exposure versus 17% in the sham group.
Kuybulu AE et al. · 2016
Researchers exposed male Wistar rats pre- and post-natally to 2.45 GHz wireless electromagnetic fields. The study included pre-natal, post-natal, and sham exposure groups. Spot urine NAG/creatinine ratio was significantly higher in both pre- and post-natal groups, and tubular injury was detected in most post-natal specimens. Pre-natal exposure showed low Bax and high Bcl-2 staining in kidney cortex and medulla, with higher Bcl2/Bax ratios than sham.
Erkut A et al. · 2016
Pregnant rats were exposed to 1800 MHz electromagnetic field for six, 12, or 24 hours daily for 20 days, and offspring were evaluated at 60 days after birth. Increasing prenatal exposure duration significantly reduced resting cartilage levels and increased apoptotic chondrocytes and myocytes. Calcineurin activity decreased in bone and muscle, and femur, tibia, and ulna development was impaired, especially with 24-hour daily exposure.
Kunt H et al. · 2016
Researchers measured bone mineral density, thyroid hormones, and oxidative stress markers in electrical workers and controls. Bone mineral density of the lumbar vertebrae and femur was significantly lower in the exposed workers. Serum ALP, phosphor, RANK, RANKL, TOS, OSI, and left thyroid lobe diameter were higher, while OPG, TAS, and FT4 were lower in the exposed group.
Rowley JT, Joyner KH. · 2016
The study analyzed more than 50 million data points from the Italian national fixed RF monitoring network operating from June 2002 to November 2006. They used a modified Regression on Order Statistics approach to handle the 39.8% of entries below the detection sensitivity. The mean mobile communications band level was 0.047 μW/cm(2) for 2005-2006, and annual wideband levels varied by no more than 18% over 2002-2006. The authors concluded that mean environmental RF levels from cellular mobile communications systems are typically less than 0.1 μW/cm(2).
Shahbazi-Gahrouei D, Hashemi-Beni B, Ahmadi Z. · 2016
Researchers exposed human adipose-derived stem cells to GSM 900 MHz radiation at 354.6 µW/cm2 for 6 to 21 minutes per day over 5 days at 20 cm distance. Cell proliferation was measured using MTT assay and cell viability with trypan blue test. Proliferation rates were significantly lower in all exposure groups compared to controls except for the 6 minutes per day group. The authors concluded that 900 MHz RF radiation can reduce cell viability and proliferation rates depending on exposure duration.
Mortazavi SM et al. · 2016
The study investigated the effects of radiofrequency radiation from GSM mobile phones on insulin release in rats. RF radiation did not alter insulin release in the rats. Mild to severe inflammatory changes in the portal spaces of the liver and damage to the cells of the islet of Langerhans were observed. The changes were linked to the duration of exposure.
Mina D et al. · 2016
The study investigated the effects of radiofrequency EMR from a DECT base on the immune responses of the Aegean wall lizard. Adult male lizards were exposed 24 h/day for 8 weeks to 1880-1900 MHz DECT base radiation at an average electric field intensity of 3.2 V/m. Inflammatory responses were suppressed by approximately 45% in exposed lizards compared to sham-exposed animals. T cell-mediated responses were marginally affected. Immune reactivity was assessed using the phytohemagglutinin (PHA) skin swelling and mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) tests.
Bhatt CR, Redmayne M, Billah B, Abramson MJ, Benke G. · 2016
Researchers measured radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposures in kindergarten children in Melbourne, Australia. Measurements covered 16 frequency bands between 88 MHz and 5.8 GHz. The median environmental exposure across all bands was 179 mV/m, while the median personal exposure across all bands was 81 mV/m.
Zheng F et al. · 2015
Researchers conducted a cross-sectional study using questionnaires completed by children in Chongqing, China. Among 793 invited children, 781 returned questionnaires and 746 were valid. Fatigue was significantly associated with years of mobile phone use and daily call duration, and headache was significantly associated with daily call duration. After adjusting for confounders, only the association between fatigue and mobile phone use remained statistically significant, and no significant association was found between mobile phone use and other physical symptoms.
Unknown authors · 2015
Researchers exposed two Gram-positive and two Gram-negative bacterial species to six magnetic field conditions in broth cultures. The conditions included three 'Thomas' pulsed frequency-modulated patterns, a strong-static 'puck' magnet upwards of 5000G, a pair of rotating magnets at ~30rpm, and a 'Resonator' dynamic field generator with average intensity of 250μT. Growth rate was measured by optical density at 600nm every hour. ELF-EMF conditions significantly affected growth rates while static magnetic field conditions were not statistically significant. The 'Resonator' dynamic magnetic field increased growth rates of Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli, while slowing growth of Serratia marcescens.
Hori T et al · 2015
Unknown authors · 2015
