EMF Research Studies

EFFECTS OF LOW POWER MICROWAVES ON THE LOCAL CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW OF CONSCIOUS RATS

Unknown authors

Researchers measured local cerebral blood flow in multiple brain regions of conscious rats using a radioactive iodoantipyrine technique. Rats were exposed for 30 minutes to pulsed microwaves at 1 mW/cm² or 15 mW/cm² average power density, or sham exposure. Both exposure levels increased blood flow by 10 to 144 percent in 16 of 20 regions, with the largest significant increases in the pineal, hypothalamus, and temporal cortex at 1 mW/cm² and in the pineal, temporal cortex, inferior colliculus, and medial geniculate at 15 mW/cm².

Surface Integral Equation Method for Interaction of Microwave with Biological Body

Unknown authors

ENERGY ABSORPTION FROM SMALL RADIATING PROBES IN LOSSY MEDIA

Unknown authors

TENSOR INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD COMBINED WITH ITERATION TECHNIQUE FOR QUANTIFYING INDUCED EM FIELDS IN BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS

Unknown authors

Researchers developed a computational scheme that combines an iteration process with the tensor integral equation method to quantify induced electric fields in electrically large bodies. In a test on a muscle layer irradiated by a 1 GHz plane wave, the 8-cell model with iteration produced results comparable to a 64-cell model at a lower computation cost.

Differential Heating of the Cortex, Hypothalamus and Rectum in Three Species by 2450-MHz Microwaves

Unknown authors

Animals were irradiated at 30 to 40 mW/g until rectal temperature reached 42.5 to 43.0 °C, then temperatures were recorded for over three hours. At baseline, cortical and hypothalamic temperatures were significantly lower than rectal temperatures in all three species. After heating, cortical temperature fleetingly exceeded rectal temperature in all species, while hypothalamic temperature exceeded rectal temperature only in rabbits. Brain temperatures fell rapidly in the first minute after exposure while rectal temperature declined much more slowly.

GENESIS OF BIORHYTHM

Unknown authors

MICROWAVE-INDUCED INCREASE OF WATER AND CONDUCTIVITY IN SUBMAXILLARY SALIVARY GLAND OF RATS

Unknown authors

A MICROWAVE DIATHERMY APPLICATOR

Unknown authors

CHARACTERISTICS AND MEASUREMENTS OF MICROWAVE AND RADIOFREQUENCY RADIATION

Bureau of Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration

Microwaves and RF fields are almost totally reflected from metals, transmitted through plastics, ceramics, paper, or glass, and absorbed by most biological materials, particularly those with high water content. The document explains near-field and far-field regions, noting that the near field dominates when the distance is much smaller than the wavelength and that the far field begins where the ratio of electric to magnetic field approaches 377 ohms. It specifies measurement techniques for frequencies from 1 MHz to 100 GHz and distinguishes emission standards from exposure standards.

PRELIMINARY RESULTS OF OUTPUT PERFORMANCE TESTS ON TENS DEVICES

D.M. Witters, S.M. Hinkley, A.R. Lapp

Researchers measured electrical output signals of several commercially available TENS devices using a digital waveform signal recorder across the ANSI/AAMI standard loading circuit. Most devices generated asymmetrical biphasic waves, while some produced monophasic or polyphasic pulses. Some devices, such as the Maxima, showed fairly accurate pulse rate control settings with nearly linear actual pulse rate across the control range. The study concluded a wide variety of designs and performance exists, and further research is needed to correlate parameters with safety and effectiveness.

The Effect of Microwaves (2450 MHz) on the Immune System in Mice. II. Functional Studies

Wieslaw Wiktor-Jedrzejczak et al.

PRELIMINARY REPORT OF PLANTS AND PROCESSES FOR RADIOFREQUENCY AND MICROWAVE RADIATION

Unknown authors

Engineering Considerations of Asynchronous Pacing - Input Signals to Pacemakers in a Hospital Environment

Bryan Parker, Seymour Furman, Doris J. W. Escher

PROBLEMS OF OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE IN HANDLING ULTRASHORT WAVE RADIO TRANSMITTERS USED IN TV AND BROADCASTING

N. N. Goncharova, V. B. Karamyshev, N. V. Maksimenko

The paper examines occupational hygiene and effects of ultrashort wave electromagnetic fields on TV and radio station employees. Physiological investigations at workplaces found that operators servicing ultrashort wave transmitters exhibit functional changes in cardiovascular and central nervous systems during the day. The high-frequency electromagnetic field of considerable intensity was identified as an especially unfavorable factor. Protective and prophylactic measures are needed to improve work conditions.

THE EFFECT OF PULSED, SHORT WAVES ON ALVEOLAR HEALING

Donald R. King, John W. Hathaways, Donald C. Reynolds

EFFECTS OF MICROWAVE IRRADIATION IN VIVO ON RABBIT BLOOD SERUM

Lewis C. Gershman

Researchers exposed rabbits to microwave radiation at 5.85 GHz pulsed or 2.45 GHz continuous wave at 15 milliwatts/cm² for one hour daily over ten days. The previously reported decrease in albumin/globulin ratio was not observed. The authors concluded that microwave irradiation under these conditions had no significant effect on the animals' physiologic processes.

CN TOWER - TABLE OF FREQUENCIES

Unknown authors

MICROWAVE PRODUCT CATALOG

Unknown authors

PROPERTIES OF LIQUID CRYSTALS AND THEIR APPLICATION TO THE MEASUREMENT OF MICROWAVES AND INFRARED RADIATION

Unknown authors

THE BOEING COMPANY - MEDICAL SERVICES OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH EXAMINATION

Unknown authors

Thermal and non-thermal cataractogenesis by microwaves

H. D. Baillie

The study used fifteen adult mongrel dogs exposed to 2.5 GHz microwaves at a power density of 5 W/cm². A single-exposure threshold of 60 seconds was identified at normal body temperature. The authors concluded that microwave cataractogenesis is directly or indirectly a thermal phenomenon.

Biologic Effects of Radio and Microwaves: Present Knowledge, Future Directions

Alvin M. Burner

The Time Constants of Pearl-Chain Formation

M. Saito, H. P. Schwan

TOWERS - ALLIED TOWER

Unknown authors

LeBlanc & Royle Communications Towers Limited - Company Brochure

Unknown authors