Unknown authors · 2011
In vitro studies used several cell types from both humans and rodents, including primary cells, embryonic cell lines, undifferentiated cancer cell lines, and stem cells. Gene and protein expression were not significantly changed by exposure in nine out of 15 studies. Genotoxicity was evaluated in 13 papers and in most of these studies no DNA damage was detected; eight studies failed to demonstrate induction of apoptosis and three reported lack of oxidative stress induction by RF exposures. Few papers have been published on low level exposure of immature animals and the available results are very limited, but the evidence does not indicate that prenatal or early postnatal exposures are associated with acute adverse responses or long-term detrimental changes.
Unknown authors · 2011
The review noted that in 2004 very few studies on radiofrequency fields and children were available, and WHO later identified this as a high priority research area. It described a few cross-sectional studies on well-being, cognitive effects, and behavioral problems, plus some cohort studies mainly on maternal mobile phone use during pregnancy. The review highlighted methodological limitations including cross-sectional designs that cannot determine temporal sequence, potential reversed causality, recall errors in self-reported use, and lack of confounding control.
Jin YB, Lee HJ, Seon Lee J, Pack JK, Kim N, Lee YS. · 2011
Researchers exposed two groups of 40 Sprague-Dawley rats to CDMA and WCDMA radiofrequency fields simultaneously at 2.0 W/kg each for 45 minutes per day, five days a week, for one year. No significant alteration in body weight was observed with the combined exposure. Total tumour incidence did not differ between exposed and sham-exposed animals. Most exposed rats showed no significant changes in urinalysis, haematology, blood biochemistry, or histopathology. However, some altered parameters in complete blood count and serum chemistry were seen in exposed rats.
Ibitoye ZA, Aweda AM. · 2011
Heinrich S, Thomas S, Heumann C, von Kries R, Radon K. · 2011
Researchers investigated the association between RF EMF exposure and chronic well-being in 3022 children and adolescents using personal dosimetry. Measured exposure levels were far below ICNIRP reference levels. The most reported chronic symptom was fatigue. No statistically significant association between measured exposure and chronic symptoms was observed. Results do not indicate an association between measured RF EMF exposure and chronic well-being.
Mortazavi SMJ et al. · 2011
Eighty male rats were randomly divided into six groups of 13 to 15 animals. The first five groups received microwave exposure, microwave plus flaxseed oil, flaxseed continued after irradiation, flaxseed alone, or olive oil before a whole-body gamma-ray dose of 8 Gy on day 5. At 30 days, microwave-pretreated rats showed 100% survival, while control rats had 53.3% survival, and the other groups had survival fractions of 69.2%, 92.3%, 46.1%, and 61.5%.
Kumar NR, Sangwan S, Badotra P. · 2011
The study examined the effect of cell phone radiation on biomolecules in adult worker honey bees (Apis mellifera L). Exposed bees initially showed reduced motor activity and increased concentrations of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids, then migrated en masse toward the phone. At later exposure stages, biomolecule concentrations declined slightly, and the researchers concluded that cell phone radiation influences honey bee behavior and physiology.
Kos B, Valič B, Kotnik T, Gajšek P. · 2011
Researchers investigated occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields in front of a multi-band base station antenna at 900, 1800, and 2100 MHz. The highest frequency of 2100 MHz resulted in the highest spatial-peak SAR averaged over 10 g of tissue, while whole-body SAR was similar at all three frequencies. At distances greater than 200 mm, whole-body SAR was the more limiting factor for compliance, while at shorter distances spatial-peak SAR may be more limiting.
Buchner K, Eger H. · 2011
Researchers followed 60 participants for one and a half years after a new GSM base station was installed in Rimbach, Bavaria. Adrenaline and noradrenaline levels increased significantly during the first six months, while dopamine levels decreased substantially. Phenylethylamine levels dropped significantly over the study period, and initial neurotransmitter levels were not restored after one and a half years. The effects showed a dose-response relationship and occurred well below current limits for technical RF radiation exposures.
Dode AC et al. · 2011
Researchers examined a spatial correlation between cellular base station clusters and deaths by neoplasia in Belo Horizonte, Brazil, from 1996 to 2006. The study used a descriptive ecological-epidemiological approach with georeferencing, drawing on death records, base station registrations, and census data. Between 1996 and 2006, 7191 deaths by neoplasia occurred, and within 500 m of a base station the mortality rate was 34.76 per 10,000 inhabitants, with a decrease in deaths observed outside that area.
Cao Y, Xu Q, Jin ZD, Zhou Z, Nie JH, Tong J. · 2011
Adult male Kunming mice were exposed to 900 MHz radiofrequency fields at power intensities of 12, 120 and 1200 μW/cm(2) for 1 h/day for 14 days and then subjected to whole body gamma-irradiation. Compared with mice exposed to gamma-radiation alone, the RF pre-exposed mice showed a significant increase in survival time and a reduction in hematopoietic tissue damage. The researchers described this effect as appearing similar to the 'adaptive response' which is well documented in scientific literature.
Savić T, Janać B, Todorović D, Prolić Z. · 2011
Researchers investigated how a static magnetic field affected development and viability in Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila hydei. Eggs of both species were exposed to an average magnetic induction of 60 mT throughout full development from egg to adult. Exposure reduced development time in both species, though statistical significance was found only for D. hydei, and viability was significantly weaker in both exposed species compared to controls.
Elferchichi M, Ammari M, Maaroufi K, Sakly M, Abdelmelek H. · 2011
Researchers exposed adult Wistar rats to a 128 millitesla static magnetic field for 1 hour per day for 5 consecutive days, then tested motor skills and measured iron levels in plasma and brain regions. No significant change in motor skills was observed between sham and exposed rats. Plasma transferrin content increased by 25.4% and plasma iron decreased by 16.2%, while brain iron concentration was not altered.
Favre D · 2011
Researchers placed mobile phone handsets in the close vicinity of honeybees and recorded and analyzed the sounds the bees made. The audiograms and spectrograms revealed that active mobile phone handsets have a dramatic impact on the behavior of the bees, namely by inducing the worker piping signal. In natural conditions, worker piping either announces the swarming process of the bee colony or is a signal of a disturbed bee colony.
Peter Denchev et al. · 2010
Fragopoulou et al · 2010
Sun L-Y, Hsieh D-K, Lin P-C, Chiu H-T, Chiou TW · 2010
Lee C-H, Hung Y-C, Huang GS · 2010
Researchers exposed nematodes to static magnetic fields ranging from 0 to 200 mT. A 200 mT field reduced development time from L2 to young adult by approximately 20%. The average lifespan of wild-type nematodes decreased from 31 days to 25 days after SMF treatment.
Unknown authors · 2010
Unknown authors · 2010
Unknown authors · 2010
Researchers induced diabetes in male Wistar rats with streptozocin and created a full-thickness dermal incision. The wound was exposed to ELF PEMF at 20 Hz, 4 ms, 8 mT for one hour per day. Healing rate was significantly greater in diabetic rats receiving PEMF compared to diabetic controls. Wound tensile strength was also significantly greater in PEMF-treated animals. Even non-diabetic control rats receiving PEMF healed faster than sham-exposed controls.
Unknown authors · 2010
Researchers used 30 male Sprague-Dawley rats divided into three groups of ten: two groups exposed to 100 microT or 500 microT ELF-MF for 10 months, 2 hours per day, and a sham-exposed control group. Rats exposed to 100 microT showed a significantly smaller femoral cross-sectional area than both sham and 500 microT groups, and cortical thickness was significantly reduced in both exposed groups compared with sham. Maximum load increased in both 100 microT and 500 microT groups relative to sham, while femur length, displacement, stiffness, energy absorption capacity, elastic modulus, and toughness did not differ significantly.
Unknown authors · 2010
The computational conditions and numeric human phantom including tissue conductivity were set identically to focus on the uncertainty in computed fields. Differences in the maximal and 99th percentile in situ electric field were less than 30% and 10% respectively, except for the results of one group. Differences in the current density averaged over 1 cm² of central nerve tissue were 10% or less, except for the results of one group.
Unknown authors · 2010
The group used early chick embryos and L929 and Daudi cells as experimental systems. The review found that ELF magnetic noise fields inhibited the effects when they were observed, and in all cases where a noise field was applied to prevent an observed effect it eliminated the effect.
Unknown authors · 2010
Researchers exposed male Wistar rats from postnatal day 23 to 53 to 50 Hz magnetic fields at 100-300 μT for 4 hours daily, atrazine at 20 or 200 mg/kg body weight, or both combined. Light and electron microscopy showed no significant alterations in thyroid structure in any treated group compared to controls. The magnetic field group showed significant differences in thyroid follicle volume density and connective tissue compared to atrazine and combined groups. High-dose atrazine significantly affected mast cell numbers compared to controls.
