Garaj-Vrhovac V, Fucic A, Horvat D, · 1992
Researchers exposed human blood samples to microwave radiation at 7.7 GHz (similar to radar frequencies) and examined the genetic damage in white blood cells. They found significant increases in chromosome breaks and abnormalities, including micronuclei (fragments of damaged DNA) and dicentric chromosomes (chromosomes with two centers). This demonstrates that microwave radiation can directly damage human DNA even at relatively low power levels.
Czerska EM, Elson EC, Davis CC, Swicord ML, Czerski P · 1992
Researchers exposed human immune cells (lymphocytes) to microwave radiation at 2.45 GHz for five days, comparing continuous waves versus pulsed waves at the same power levels. They found that pulsed microwave radiation enhanced cellular transformation even when temperatures stayed normal, while continuous waves only caused effects when heating occurred. This suggests that the timing pattern of radiation exposure, not just the total energy, affects how our immune cells respond.
Adair ER, Adams BW, Hartman SK · 1992
Scientists exposed squirrel monkeys to microwave radiation and found their bodies automatically reduced internal heat production to compensate for the external heating. This demonstrates that radiofrequency energy causes measurable thermal effects that activate the body's natural temperature regulation systems.
Garaj-Vrhovac V, Fucic A, Horvat D · 1992
Researchers exposed human blood cells to microwave radiation at 7.7 GHz (similar to some radar frequencies) and examined the DNA for damage. They found significant increases in chromosome breaks, abnormal chromosome formations, and micronuclei (small DNA fragments that indicate genetic damage) compared to unexposed cells. The study demonstrates that microwave radiation can directly damage human DNA at the cellular level.
Larsen AI · 1991
Danish researchers studied 54 physiotherapists who gave birth to children with congenital malformations and 247 who had healthy babies, examining whether exposure to high-frequency electromagnetic radiation during the first month of pregnancy increased birth defect risk. They found no statistically significant link between EMF exposure and birth defects (odds ratio 1.7 with a confidence interval that included no effect). This suggests that the high-frequency electromagnetic devices commonly used in physiotherapy practice may not increase the risk of congenital malformations.
Larsen AI, Olsen J, Svane O · 1991
Danish researchers studied 586 pregnancies among physiotherapists exposed to high-frequency electromagnetic radiation from medical equipment. They found that mothers with high EMF exposure gave birth to significantly fewer boys (only 23.5% compared to the normal 51%), and male babies born to exposed mothers had lower birth weights. The study suggests that EMF exposure may selectively affect male reproductive outcomes.
Garson OM, McRobert TL, Campbell LJ, Hocking BA, Gordon I. · 1991
Australian researchers studied 38 telecommunications workers who had long-term occupational exposure to radio frequency radiation (the type emitted by cell towers and wireless equipment) to see if their DNA showed more chromosome damage than unexposed office workers. After examining 200 cells from each person, they found no difference in genetic damage between the two groups. This suggests that RF exposure at levels within occupational safety limits may not cause detectable chromosome damage in white blood cells.
Goldoni J · 1990
Researchers studied blood cell counts in 14 radar technicians exposed to microwave radiation for 7-14 years, comparing them to unexposed airport workers. They found significantly lower counts of white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets in the exposed workers. This suggests that chronic occupational microwave exposure may suppress the body's ability to produce healthy blood cells.
Cleary SF, Liu LM, Merchant RE · 1990
Researchers exposed human immune cells (lymphocytes) to radio frequency radiation at two common frequencies for 2 hours while carefully controlling temperature. They found that lower radiation levels actually stimulated immune cell activity, while higher levels suppressed it. This demonstrates that RF radiation can directly affect immune system function without any heating effects.
