Browse 8,700 peer-reviewed studies on electromagnetic field health effects from 4 research libraries.
Showing 114 studies (Microorganisms)
Christopher S. Cox, Harold Klapper · 1970
This 1970 technical report examined the molecular structure of water within E. coli bacteria cells. The research focused on understanding how water molecules organize and behave inside bacterial systems. While not directly studying electromagnetic fields, this foundational work helps explain how EMF exposure might disrupt cellular water structure and biological processes.
J. Bilbrough · 1969
This 1969 study examined using microwave radiation to sterilize food packaging materials by killing mold spores inside wrapping. The research focused on equipment design features to prevent radiation leakage during the sterilization process. This represents early industrial application of microwave technology for food safety purposes.
S. J. WEBB, A. D. BOOTH · 1969
This 1969 study by Webb investigated how microorganisms, including E. coli bacteria, absorb microwave radiation. The research examined the fundamental interactions between microwave energy and living cells at the microscopic level. This early work helped establish the scientific foundation for understanding how electromagnetic fields affect biological systems.
D. E. Carroll, Anthony Loh · 1969
Researchers tested whether 60 MHz radio frequency energy could kill microorganisms (yeast, E. coli, and Bacillus subtilis) beyond just heating effects. They found no selective killing power from RF energy alone in various liquid and food systems, only standard thermal effects.
S. J. Webb, A. D. Booth · 1969
This 1969 study measured how microorganisms and their genetic material absorb microwave radiation at different frequencies. Researchers found that DNA absorbed significantly more microwave energy than RNA, and that this absorption directly affected biological processes in cells. The findings demonstrated that cellular components have varying sensitivities to microwave frequencies.
S. J. Webb, D. D. Dodds · 1968
This 1968 study exposed E. coli bacteria to 136 GHz microwaves for up to 4 hours and found the radiation completely stopped cell division when applied immediately, though it didn't kill the cells. When bacteria were allowed to grow for 90 minutes before exposure, cell division was slowed but not completely halted.
Zadradnik J W, Chen C S · 1967
This 1967 study developed a new laboratory method for predicting how many bacteria survive thermal heating processes. The researchers found that traditional prediction methods were flawed because they assumed simple kill rates and ignored how bacteria's pre-heating conditions affect their heat resistance. Their improved method accounts for these real-world variables.
J. W. Zahradnik, C. R. Stumbo · 1967
This 1967 study developed a new method for predicting bacterial survival during heat treatment that doesn't rely on traditional assumptions about how bacteria die when heated. Researchers tested their approach using E. coli bacteria and found they could accurately predict survival rates in larger-scale equipment without needing to know the exact death rates of the organisms.
Samuel A. Goldblith, Daniel I. C. Wang · 1967
Researchers exposed E. coli bacteria and B. subtilis spores to 2,450 MHz microwave radiation and compared their death rates to conventional heating. They found that microwaves killed the microorganisms at exactly the same rate as regular heat at the same temperature. This suggests microwaves work purely through heating effects, not through any special electromagnetic properties.
J. W. Zahradnik, R. E. Stumbo · 1967
This 1967 study developed a new laboratory method to predict how many bacteria survive heat treatment in food processing. Researchers tested the method using Salmonella bacteria at different temperatures to improve food safety predictions. The work aimed to create more accurate models for killing harmful bacteria during commercial food heating.
Carl M. Olsen, Clifford L. Drake, Stuart L. Bunch · 1966
This 1966 study examined how microwave energy affects various microorganisms and found that microwaves killed bacteria and fungi through non-thermal mechanisms distinct from conventional heating. The research showed microwave exposure reduced bacterial populations by up to 99% and altered cellular respiration in ways that simple heat treatment could not explain.
Carl M. Olsen · 1965
This 1965 study investigated using microwave energy to control bread mold growth, testing whether microwaves could reduce populations of common fungi that spoil bread products. The research explored microwave radiation as an alternative to chemical preservatives like sodium propionate for extending bread shelf life.
L. Miro, H. Atlan, Y. Arnaud, G. Deltour, R. Loubiere · 1965
French researchers in 1965 exposed bacteria to microwave radiation, then subjected them to gamma ray sterilization to test if the microwave exposure provided any protective effect. The study found that bacteria pre-exposed to very high frequency electromagnetic fields showed improved survival rates when later exposed to lethal gamma radiation. This suggests microwave fields may trigger protective biological responses in living organisms.
Philip Schmidt · 1964
This 1964 technical report examined how radiofrequency energy affects toxins produced by two dangerous bacteria: Corynebacterium diphtheriae (which causes diphtheria) and Clostridium welchii (which causes gas gangrene). The research investigated whether RF energy could alter or neutralize these bacterial toxins, representing early exploration of electromagnetic fields' effects on biological systems.
Donald E. Barber · 1962
Researchers in 1962 exposed luminous bacteria to microwave radiation between 2608.7-3082.3 MHz at power levels up to 16.7 watts, finding no non-thermal biological effects. This early study used glowing bacteria as a sensitive test system to detect potential microwave damage beyond simple heating. The findings suggested that microwave exposure at these frequencies and power levels did not harm living cells through mechanisms other than thermal heating.
Edwin Lorenz Carstensen · 1962
This 1962 research by Edwin Carstensen examined the internal electrical conductivity properties of E. coli bacteria. The study represents early foundational work measuring how electromagnetic fields interact with living microorganisms at the cellular level. This type of biophysical research laid groundwork for understanding how EMF exposure affects biological systems.
A. A. TEIXEIRA-PINTO et al. · 1960
This 1960 study investigated how radio frequency electromagnetic fields affect the movement and behavior of single-celled organisms like bacteria. Researchers found that motile bacteria had their normal swimming patterns constrained when exposed to RF fields, suggesting non-thermal biological effects. This was among the first scientific evidence that EMF could influence living organisms through mechanisms beyond just heating tissue.
G. H. Brown, W. C. Morrison · 1956
This 1956 study investigated whether radio frequency fields could kill bacteria through non-thermal effects, beyond just heating. Researchers tested various frequencies on microorganisms with different conductivity levels to determine if electric fields alone could destroy bacteria. The study aimed to separate direct electromagnetic effects from simple heating effects in bacterial destruction.
G. H. Brown, W. C. Morrison · 1956
This 1956 study investigated whether radio frequency electric fields could kill bacteria through mechanisms other than just heating. Researchers tested various frequencies on microorganisms with different conductivities to determine if RF fields had specific antimicrobial effects beyond thermal damage. The research aimed to separate direct electromagnetic effects from simple heat-induced bacterial destruction.
George H. Brown, Wendell C. Morrison · 1954
This 1954 research explored how strong radio-frequency fields affect microorganisms in water solutions, investigating RF energy as a potential method for pasteurization and sterilization. The study examined whether electromagnetic fields could kill bacteria and other microbes, representing early scientific interest in non-thermal biological effects of RF radiation.
O. Cimitan · 1951
This 1951 research investigated how shortwave radiation affects bacteria, examining the bactericidal (bacteria-killing) properties of radio frequency electromagnetic fields. The study represents early scientific exploration into how RF energy interacts with living microorganisms, contributing to our understanding of EMF biological effects.
Maurizio Terni, Pietro Lombardini · 1951
This 1951 Italian study by Dr. Terni investigated how microwave radiation affects bacteria, including E. coli. As one of the earliest scientific examinations of microwave effects on living organisms, it established foundational research into how electromagnetic fields interact with biological systems. The research helped lay groundwork for understanding potential biological impacts of microwave technology.
S. E. Jacobs, Margaret J. Thornley, P. Maurice · 1950
Researchers in 1950 exposed bacteria including E. coli and Staph. aureus to 1.45 MHz radio frequency fields using external electrodes. They found that mild electrical conditions had no bacteria-killing effect, but high-intensity fields that caused rapid heating in treatment fluids were lethal to the microorganisms.
H. Schaefer, H. Schwan · 1947
This 1947 research investigated whether ultrashort radio frequency waves could selectively heat individual cells in biological tissue, focusing on bacteria and microorganisms. The study explored how electromagnetic fields might target single cells rather than heating tissue uniformly, examining the role of different dielectric properties between cell types.
Ed. Gilles · 1944
This 1944 study by Gilles investigated how ultrashort waves (microwave radiation) kill microorganisms like bacteria. The research examined the lethal effects of this electromagnetic radiation on various microbes, providing early evidence that microwaves can damage living biological systems. This work helped establish that electromagnetic fields can have profound biological effects at the cellular level.