Sangün Ö, Dündar B, Çömlekçi S, Büyükgebiz A · 2015
They noted children are exposed to non-ionizing radiation involuntarily from very early ages. The review highlighted concerns about thyroid function, adrenal hormones, glucose homeostasis, and melatonin levels. Studies are usually performed on virtual models or animals due to ethical issues. International guidelines did not report definite causality but studies indicate increased risks of cancer, hematologic effects, and cognitive impairment.
Yao L, Li Y, Knapp J, Smith P. · 2015
Researchers exposed Schwann cells to an electric field of 100 mV/mm and performed RNA sequencing to compare gene expression with unstimulated cells. They identified 1,045 up-regulated and 1,636 down-regulated genes using a fold-change threshold of 1.2 and a q-value below 0.05. KEGG pathway analysis revealed 21 down-regulated and 10 up-regulated pathways, with differentially expressed genes involved in actin cytoskeleton regulation, focal adhesion, and PI3K-Akt signaling.
Unknown authors · 2015
The study included 21 electric arc welders and 21 non-exposed controls. Occupational ELF-MF exposure was measured with personal dosimeters during a full work shift. Primary DNA damage was assessed in peripheral blood leukocytes using the alkaline comet assay. Tail length was similar between welders and controls. Tail intensity and tail moment were significantly lower in exposed welders than in controls.
Unknown authors · 2015
Researchers exposed mice to a 50 Hz, 65 μT magnetic field continuously for 30 days starting at 12 days post-conception. The micronucleus test showed a slight genotoxic effect in blood erythrocytes only after the maximum exposure time, which disappeared months after exposure stopped.
Unknown authors · 2015
Unknown authors · 2015
Researchers exposed HaCaT human keratinocytes to ELF-EMF at 50 Hz and 1 mT and monitored cell cycle, growth, and viability using FACS and BrdU assays. They also measured gene expression changes with microarray and qRT-PCR, and assessed mTOR, Akt, and MAPK protein levels by Western blot. Short ELF-EMF exposure modulated gene expression patterns involved in cell proliferation and the cell cycle, with mTOR activation identified as the main molecular target. The data showed increased PI3K/Akt pathway activity and ERK signaling activation. ELF-EMF selectively modulated multiple genes related to biological processes such as wound healing.
Liu Y, Liu W-B, Liu K-J, Ao L, Cao J, Zhong JL, Liu J-Y · 2015
Unknown authors · 2015
Researchers exposed mouse spermatocyte-derived GC-2 cells to 50 Hz ELF-EMF at 1, 2, and 3 mT intermittently for 72 hours. Genome-wide methylation decreased at 1 mT but was higher at 3 mT compared to controls. DNMT1 and DNMT3b expression decreased at 1 mT and increased at 3 mT, while DNMT3a expression was largely unaffected. The researchers also established DNA methylation and gene expression profiling and validated some genes with aberrant methylation and expression at different intensities.
Li Y, Wang X, Yao L · 2015
Researchers investigated how oligodendrocyte precursor cells migrate in electric fields. The cells moved toward the anode, and their directedness and displacement increased significantly when the field strength was raised from 50 to 200 mV/mm. Electric fields did not significantly change the cells' migration speed. Transcriptome analysis revealed upregulation of the MAPK pathway at 200 mV/mm and downregulation of chemotaxis-related genes.
Unknown authors · 2015
Bertea et al. · 2015
Researchers exposed Arabidopsis thaliana grown in Petri plates to both normal and reversed geomagnetic field conditions. Exposed plants were photographed and analyzed for root length and leaf area, and RNA was extracted for qPCR analysis of genes including CRU3, COTP1, RRTF1, FSD1, CAT3, TAPX, APX1, and RbohD. The study found that reversing the GMF polarity using triaxial coils had significant effects on plant growth and gene expression.
Al-Huqail AA, Abdelhaliem E · 2015
Researchers analyzed proteins and nuclear DNA of maize seedlings exposed to ELF for different periods using SDS-PAGE, isozymes, RAPD, and comet assay. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed 46 polypeptide bands with molecular weights from 186.20 to 36.00 KDa and a polymorphism value of 84.62%. Leucine-aminopeptidase, peroxidase, and catalase isozymes showed 100% polymorphism, while esterase isozyme showed 83.33% polymorphism. Amino acid analysis identified 17 amino acids with contents ranging from 22.65% to 28.09%, and RAPD revealed 78 amplified DNA products with 95.08% polymorphism and sizes from 120 to 992 base pairs. Comet assay recorded the highest nuclear DNA damage at 5 days of ELF exposure, with 2.38% tailed DNA and a tail moment of 5.36.
Zheng F et al. · 2015
Researchers conducted a cross-sectional study using questionnaires completed by children in Chongqing, China. Among 793 invited children, 781 returned questionnaires and 746 were valid. Fatigue was significantly associated with years of mobile phone use and daily call duration, and headache was significantly associated with daily call duration. After adjusting for confounders, only the association between fatigue and mobile phone use remained statistically significant, and no significant association was found between mobile phone use and other physical symptoms.
De Amicis A et al. · 2015
Researchers exposed human fetal fibroblasts to low-frequency THz radiation (0.1-0.15 THz) using a Compact Free Electron Laser. No DNA damage was detected by Comet assay, H2AX phosphorylation, or telomere length changes. No apoptosis or changes in pro-survival signaling proteins were found. Micronuclei and centromere-positive micronuclei increased, indicating that THz radiation could induce aneugenic effects, not clastogenic effects, probably leading to chromosome loss. Actin polymerization increased, supporting the hypothesis that an abnormal assembly of spindle proteins could lead to the observed chromosomal malsegregation.
Unknown authors · 2015
Megha et al. · 2015
Researchers exposed 24 male Fischer 344 rats to microwave radiation at 900, 1800, and 2450 MHz with specific absorption rates of 0.59, 0.58, and 0.66 mW/kg for 60 days (2 hours per day, 5 days per week). Exposure increased oxidative stress markers malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl, and catalase, while decreasing reduced glutathione and superoxide dismutase. Pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-2, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ were significantly elevated in exposed rats. Significant DNA damage was observed in the microwave exposed groups compared to sham.
Wilson JW et al · 2015
Researchers exposed seven-week-old male mice to 10, 100, or 300 μT, 50 Hz magnetic fields for 2 or 15 hours. They measured mutation frequency at the ESTR Ms6-hm locus in sperm and blood using single-molecule PCR. Blood mutation frequency did not differ from sham controls, and sperm showed a marginally significant, non-dose-dependent increase. Acute X-ray exposure produced significant mutation increases in both sperm and blood.
Unknown authors · 2015
Researchers exposed two Gram-positive and two Gram-negative bacterial species to six magnetic field conditions in broth cultures. The conditions included three 'Thomas' pulsed frequency-modulated patterns, a strong-static 'puck' magnet upwards of 5000G, a pair of rotating magnets at ~30rpm, and a 'Resonator' dynamic field generator with average intensity of 250μT. Growth rate was measured by optical density at 600nm every hour. ELF-EMF conditions significantly affected growth rates while static magnetic field conditions were not statistically significant. The 'Resonator' dynamic magnetic field increased growth rates of Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli, while slowing growth of Serratia marcescens.
Manzella N et al · 2015
Researchers investigated effects of ELF magnetic fields on circadian clock genes in a human fibroblast cell line. An ELF-MF exposure at 0.1 mT and 50 Hz entrained expression of clock genes BMAL1, PER2, PER3, CRY1, and CRY2. ELF-MF treatment also altered circadian clock gene expression previously entrained by serum shock stimulation.
Hori T et al · 2015
Unknown authors · 2015
Researchers assessed fetal exposure to the full harmonic content of a uniform 50 Hz magnetic field using high-resolution three-dimensional fetal models based on European electricity quality standards. The fundamental frequency component provided the main contribution to induced electric fields in the fetus. Harmonic components added some contributions but their amplitudes were low due to extremely low permitted levels relative to the fundamental. Induced electric field levels were much lower than general public exposure limits when the incident magnetic field was at the maximum permitted level.
Unknown authors · 2015
Researchers exposed pregnant mice to a 50 Hz, 500 mG field for one week (12 hours per day) and continued exposure of their offspring for up to 15.5 months, while control mice were not exposed. Mean body weights of exposed male and female mice were significantly decreased compared with controls. Exposed mice showed no increased incidence of liver and lung tumors. In female mice, the incidence of chronic myeloid leukemia was significantly greater in the exposed group (3 of 42, 7%) than in controls. The size of seminiferous tubules in exposed males was significantly smaller than in controls.
D'Angelo C et al · 2015
Researchers studied MCP-1 expression in HaCaT, SH-SY5Y, THP-1, and K562 cells exposed to a sinusoidal EMF at 50 Hz with a flux density of 1 mT (rms). Preliminary results showed that EMF exposure differently modifies MCP-1 expression in different cell types. The authors state that MCP-1 expression needs to be better determined with additional studies using different parameters and exposure times.
Unknown authors · 2015
Unknown authors · 2015
Researchers used a quasi-experimental design with two pretests before and two posttests after a new high-voltage power line began operation. Residents living within 300 meters, 300-500 meters, and 500-2000 meters of the line participated. Symptom reports and causal beliefs increased significantly more in the closest group compared to those farther away. At baseline, symptom reports were similar across groups, but belief that power lines cause symptoms was already stronger among nearby residents.
