Brescia F et al. · 2009
Researchers exposed human immune cells to 1950 MHz cell phone radiation (the frequency used by 3G networks) to see if it would trigger oxidative stress, a cellular damage process linked to aging and disease. They tested various exposure durations and power levels, both alone and combined with iron compounds known to cause oxidative stress. The study found no increase in harmful reactive oxygen species or cell death from the radiation exposure under any conditions tested.
Güler G, Türközer Z, Ozgur E, Seyhan N. · 2009
Researchers exposed lung tissue to extremely strong electric fields (12,000 volts per meter) for 8 hours daily over 7 days to test whether antioxidants could prevent damage. They found only minor increases in one marker of cellular damage (protein carbonyl), while other damage indicators remained unchanged. The study suggests that at these exposure levels, electric fields cause minimal lung tissue damage that antioxidants may help prevent.
Güler G, Türközer Z, Ozgur E, Tomruk A, Seyhan N, Karasu C · 2009
Researchers exposed guinea pigs to power line frequency electric fields (12 kV/m for 8 hours daily over 7 days) to study protein damage and whether the antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine could protect against it. The study found no significant protein damage from the electric field exposure alone, though it did reduce a protein synthesis marker in the liver. The antioxidant treatment showed some effects on protein markers, suggesting it may have biological activity in this context.
Naziroğlu M, Gümral N · 2009
Turkish researchers exposed rats to WiFi-frequency radiation (2.45 GHz) for one hour daily over 28 days and found it depleted key brain antioxidants including vitamins A, C, and E. When rats were given selenium or L-carnitine supplements during exposure, these protective nutrients were largely restored, with L-carnitine showing stronger protective effects. This suggests that wireless device radiation creates oxidative stress in brain tissue, but certain antioxidants may help counteract this damage.
Lu L, Xu H, Wang X, Guo G. · 2009
Researchers exposed rats to electromagnetic pulses (EMPs) and found that this radiation broke down the blood-retinal barrier, a protective membrane that shields the eye's retina from harmful substances in the bloodstream. The breakdown occurred through increased production of nitric oxide, a chemical that damages the barrier's protective proteins. This suggests that electromagnetic radiation can compromise critical protective barriers in the eye, potentially leading to vision problems.
Hässig M, Jud F, Naegeli H, Kupper J, Spiess B. · 2009
Swiss researchers tracked 253 veal calves from conception to slaughter, examining eye cataracts and their proximity to cell phone towers during pregnancy. They found that 32% of calves developed cataracts, with higher rates in animals whose mothers were closer to mobile phone base stations during the critical first trimester of pregnancy. The study also measured increased oxidative stress (cellular damage from free radicals) in the eyes of affected calves.
Cao Y, Zhang W, Lu MX, Xu Q, Meng QQ, Nie JH, Tong J. · 2009
Researchers exposed brain cancer cells to 900-MHz microwave radiation (the same frequency used by many cell phones) before treating them with gamma rays. They found that the microwave exposure made the cells more vulnerable to radiation damage, increasing cell death and creating more harmful reactive oxygen species. This suggests that EMF exposure might amplify the harmful effects of other types of radiation.
Balci M, Namuslu M, Devrim E, Durak I. · 2009
Researchers exposed rats to computer monitor radiation for three weeks and measured damage markers in their eye tissues. They found increased oxidative stress (cellular damage from free radicals) in both the cornea and lens of the eye. When rats were given vitamin C alongside the radiation exposure, it helped protect the lens tissue from damage.
Agarwal A et al. · 2009
Researchers exposed human sperm samples to cell phone radiation for one hour and compared them to unexposed samples from the same men. The exposed sperm showed significantly reduced movement and survival rates, plus increased oxidative stress (cellular damage from harmful molecules). This suggests that men who keep their phones in their pants pockets during calls might be harming their fertility.
Naziroğlu M, Gümral N. · 2009
Researchers exposed rats to 2.45 GHz radiation (the same frequency used in WiFi and microwaves) for one hour daily over 28 days and found it depleted protective antioxidant vitamins in brain tissue. When rats were given selenium or L-carnitine supplements, these nutrients helped protect against the radiation-induced vitamin depletion. This suggests that WiFi-frequency radiation creates oxidative stress in the brain that may be partially countered by certain antioxidant supplements.
Mailankot M et al. · 2009
Researchers exposed male rats to cell phone radiation for one hour daily over 28 days. The radiation significantly reduced sperm movement ability and increased cellular damage in reproductive organs, while sperm count stayed normal. This suggests cell phone use may harm male fertility.
Hässig M, Jud F, Naegeli H, Kupper J, Spiess BM. · 2009
Swiss researchers studied 253 veal calves to see if mobile phone base stations could cause cataracts (clouding of the eye lens). They found that 32% of calves developed cataracts, with those exposed during early pregnancy showing higher rates of oxidative stress (cellular damage from free radicals) when living closer to cell towers. The study suggests a possible link between radio frequency radiation and eye damage during critical developmental periods.
Dasdag S, Akdag MZ, Ulukaya E, Uzunlar AK, Ocak AR. · 2009
Turkish researchers exposed rats to cell phone radiation (900 MHz) for 2 hours daily over 10 months to study brain cell death and oxidative stress. Surprisingly, they found that radiation exposure actually reduced brain cell death (apoptosis) and increased antioxidant activity compared to unexposed rats. This unexpected protective effect challenges assumptions about cell phone radiation's impact on brain tissue.
Balci M, Namuslu M, Devrim E, Durak I · 2009
Researchers exposed rats to computer monitor radiation for three weeks and found it caused oxidative stress (cellular damage from harmful molecules) in eye tissues. The study showed increased levels of damaging compounds in both the cornea and lens of the eye. Vitamin C supplementation appeared to provide some protection, particularly for lens tissue.
Agarwal A et al. · 2009
Researchers exposed human sperm samples to cell phone radiation for one hour and compared them to unexposed samples. The exposed sperm showed decreased movement and survival rates, plus increased oxidative stress (cellular damage from unstable molecules). This suggests that carrying an active cell phone near reproductive organs could potentially harm male fertility.
Xu Q, Tong J, Jin ZD, Lu MX, DU HB, Cao Y. · 2009
Researchers exposed mice to low-intensity microwave radiation (900 MHz at 120 microwatts per square centimeter) for 14 days, then subjected them to harmful gamma radiation. Surprisingly, mice that received both exposures showed less tissue damage and faster recovery than those exposed to gamma radiation alone. The microwave exposure appeared to boost the mice's natural antioxidant defenses and reduce cell death in bone marrow and spleen tissue.
Sharma VP, Singh HP, Kohli RK, Batish DR · 2009
Researchers exposed mung bean sprouts to 900 MHz cell phone radiation and found it significantly stunted root growth and seed germination within just one to two hours. The radiation caused oxidative stress, demonstrating that radio frequency signals can disrupt basic biological processes in living organisms.
Del Vecchio G et al. · 2009
Italian scientists exposed brain cells to cell phone radiation for six days. The radiation alone didn't harm cells, but when combined with hydrogen peroxide, it increased damage to certain brain cells. This suggests cell phone radiation might amplify other sources of brain cell damage.
Brescia F et al. · 2009
Researchers exposed human immune cells to 3G cell phone radiation at levels similar to what phones emit, testing whether this radiation creates harmful reactive oxygen species (unstable molecules that can damage cells). Even after 24 hours of exposure, the radiation produced no increase in these damaging molecules and didn't harm cell survival. The study also tested whether radiation might amplify damage from iron compounds, but found no such interaction.
Amara S et al. · 2009
Researchers exposed rats to strong magnetic fields for 30 days and found significant brain damage. The magnetic fields reduced protective antioxidant enzymes by up to 59% and increased harmful oxidative stress by 32%, suggesting magnetic field exposure threatens brain health.
Sharma VP, Singh HP, Kohli RK, Batish DR. · 2009
Researchers exposed mung bean seeds to cell phone radiation (900 MHz) for up to four hours. The radiation significantly stunted growth and germination while triggering oxidative stress that damages cells. This demonstrates that mobile phone radiation can disrupt basic biological processes in living organisms.
Gajski G, Garaj-Vrhovac V. · 2009
Researchers exposed rat blood cells to 915-MHz microwave radiation (the same frequency used in some mobile phones) for 4 hours and found it caused DNA damage. However, when they pre-treated the cells with bee venom, it significantly reduced this DNA damage, suggesting bee venom has protective properties against microwave radiation effects.
De Iuliis GN, Newey RJ, King BV, Aitken RJ. · 2009
Researchers exposed human sperm to cell phone radiation at 1.8 GHz frequencies. Higher radiation levels reduced sperm movement and survival while increasing DNA damage and harmful molecules. The findings suggest that heavy mobile phone use could potentially affect male fertility and future children's health.
Sharifian A, Gharavi M, Pasalar P, Aminian O · 2009
Researchers studied 46 spot welders exposed to magnetic fields at work versus unexposed workers. Exposed workers showed 22% and 12.3% decreases in key antioxidant enzymes in their blood cells, suggesting magnetic field exposure may weaken the body's natural defenses against cellular damage.
Henrykowska G et al. · 2009
Researchers exposed human blood platelets to power line frequency magnetic fields for 15 minutes. The exposure increased cellular damage markers and free radicals while reducing natural antioxidant defenses, suggesting that brief magnetic field exposure can disrupt normal cell function and potentially harm health.
