Unknown authors · 2006
Researchers investigated effects of electromagnetic fields on DNA damage in preimplantation mouse embryos using gammaH2AX foci formation as an indicator. EMFs decreased the cleavage rate of preimplantation mouse embryos. The decreasing effect was related to DNA damage shown by gammaH2AX foci formation. Noise magnetic fields or wortmannin inhibited the EMF-induced gammaH2AX foci formation. EMFs could activate the DNA damage-repair mechanism by recruiting Rad50 to damaged DNA sites.
Vijayalaxmi · 2006
Researchers exposed peripheral blood lymphocytes from healthy volunteers to 2.45 GHz or 8.2 GHz pulsed-wave RF radiation for 2 hours. They measured chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei to assess cytogenetic damage. The RF-exposed lymphocytes showed no significant increase in damage compared to sham-exposed lymphocytes. Gamma-irradiated positive control cells showed significantly more damage than both RF-exposed and sham-exposed cells.
Unknown authors · 2006
Researchers used the micronucleus test with CREST antibody staining to assess clastogenic and aneugenic effects of a 50 Hz, 650 muT magnetic field. Newborn mice were exposed during the entire 21-day intra-uterine period, and adult mice were exposed for the same duration. Newborn mice showed a significant increase in micronuclei frequencies, with most induced micronuclei being CREST-negative chromosome fragments. ELF exposure caused a two-fold increase in CREST-negative micronuclei and a four-fold increase in CREST-positive micronuclei in newborn mice. No significant effect was observed in exposed adult mice.
Unknown authors · 2006
Unknown authors · 2006
The hypothesis predicts optimal ameliorating effects on experimental allergic encephalomyelitis at derived intensities of about 35 and 70 nT and a frequency of 7 Hz. These predictions were congruent with prior rat experiments using magnetic field strengths of about 1-5000 nT at 0.5, 7, 40, or 60 Hz. The model proposes that weaker fields in the nanoTesla to picoTesla range would optimally affect micromolar melatonin concentrations and that mitochondrial proton gradients may be critical. The model offers an alternative explanation to variations of Faraday's Law and the Boltzmann constant that have been used to dismiss biological effects from weak magnetic fields.
Unknown authors · 2006
This theoretical study by Dr. Michael Persinger proposes that extremely weak magnetic fields in the nanoTesla range (35-70 nT at 7 Hz frequency) could affect melatonin molecules and potentially treat conditions like multiple sclerosis. The hypothesis suggests these fields work through a resonance mechanism that depends on melatonin concentration levels in specific body tissues.
Unknown authors · 2006
This theoretical study by researcher Michael Persinger proposes a mechanism for how extremely weak magnetic fields (in the nanoTesla range) could affect melatonin levels and potentially treat neurological conditions like multiple sclerosis. The hypothesis suggests that 7 Hz magnetic fields at specific intensities (35-70 nanoTesla) could resonate with melatonin molecules to produce therapeutic effects. This challenges conventional thinking that such weak fields are too small to have biological impact.
Espinosa JM, Liberti M, Lagroye I, Veyret B. · 2006
Researchers studied the binding properties of the serotonin 5-HT1B receptor in rat brain membranes under exposure to AC and DC magnetic fields. One-hour exposures at 1.1 mT at 50 Hz caused statistically significant increases in both the K(D) and B(max) binding parameters, from 1.74 to 4.51 nM and from 1428 to 2137 CPM, respectively. DC fields had a lesser effect compared to AC fields at low values of K(Dsham), but decreased the affinity at higher values of K(Dsham). The researchers described these findings as one of the few documented pieces of evidence for cell-free effects of DC and extremely low frequency AC magnetic fields in the mT range.
Unknown authors · 2006
Initial reports indicated that exposure of chicken eggs during embryonic development to power-line electric fields of 50 and 60 Hz at 10 V/m in air could cause the brain tissues of the hatched chickens to respond differently in a particular test. More recently, an anecdotal report of human sensitivity to EMF has appeared that shows a health-related influence of prior exposure history to particular power-line frequencies in chemically sensitized individuals. These reports open the question of whether the ambient electromagnetic environment can leave an imprint on developing organisms and if such imprint changes have the potential for health consequences.
Unknown authors · 2006
This 2006 review examined whether EMF exposure during embryonic development can create lasting physiological changes. Studies found that chicken embryos exposed to common 50-60 Hz power line frequencies (at levels found in human environments) showed altered brain responses after hatching. The research raises concerns about whether EMF exposure during critical developmental periods leaves permanent biological imprints.
Unknown authors · 2006
Researchers investigated the effects of pulsed electric fields at 50 Hz on DNA of human lymphocytes using the comet assay. A significant amount of DNA damage was observed after exposure compared to controls. After 2 hours incubation at 37°C, a proportion of the damage was repaired. Hydrogen peroxide and gamma-irradiation increased the damage to lymphocytes exposed to pulsed electric fields according to the dose used, and the amount of repair was proportional to the damage.
Trosic I, Busljeta I. · 2006
Researchers exposed rats to 2.45 GHz microwave radiation at a whole-body SAR of 1.25+/-0.36 W/kg for 2 hours per day, 7 days a week. Bone marrow polychromatic erythrocytes increased on days 8 and 15, and peripheral blood polychromatic erythrocytes increased on days 2 and 8. Bone marrow micronucleated PCE frequency increased on day 15, and peripheral blood micronucleated PCEs increased on day 8, but all values declined nearly to control levels by the end of the experiment.
Unknown authors · 2006
Two experiments were carried out to assess the effects of electric and magnetic fields on blood thyroxine in dairy cattle. In experiment 2, 16 nonlactating, nonpregnant, multiparous Holsteins were exposed to the same EMF with periods corresponding to one estrous cycle and blood samples were collected every other day, and the effect of period (P = .0009) and the treatment by days interaction (P = .0003) were statistically significant.
Sun LX, Yao K, Jiang H, He JL, Lu DQ, Wang KJ, Li HW · 2006
Researchers exposed cultured human lens epithelial cells to 217 Hz modulated microwave radiation at four SAR levels for 2 hours. DNA single strand breaks were measured using the comet assay immediately after irradiation and at 30 and 60 minutes afterward. At the highest dose, significant DNA damage remained one hour after irradiation and cell proliferation was significantly decreased.
Wang LL, Chen GD, Lu DQ, Chiang H, Xu ZP. · 2006
Researchers intermittently exposed MCF-7 cells to GSM 1800 MHz RF EMF modulated by 217 Hz for 24 hours at SARs of 2.0 W/kg or 3.5 W/kg. A small number of differentially expressed genes were found after exposure. Reproducible analysis yielded no genes at 2.0 W/kg and five up-regulated genes at 3.5 W/kg. The five genes identified at 3.5 W/kg could not be confirmed by RT-PCR. The authors concluded that the study did not provide clear evidence of distinct gene expression changes under the experimental conditions.
Qutob SS et al. · 2006
Researchers exposed U87MG glioblastoma cells to a 1.9 GHz pulse-modulated RF field for 4 hours at SARs of 0.1, 1.0, and 10.0 W/kg to assess global gene expression. No evidence was found that non-thermal RF fields affect gene expression in these cells compared to nonirradiated controls. Heat shock at 43°C for 1 hour up-regulated typical stress-responsive genes in the positive control group.
Aksen F, Akdag MZ, Ketani A, Yokus B, Kaya A, Dasdag S. · 2006
Jelenković A et al. · 2006
Researchers exposed adult male Wistar rats to a 50 Hz, 0.5 mT extremely low-frequency magnetic field for 7 days, while control rats were sham-exposed. Superoxide dismutase activities and production of superoxide radicals, lipid peroxidation, and nitric oxide were examined in the frontal cortex, striatum, basal forebrain, hippocampus, brainstem, and cerebellum. Superoxide radicals were significantly increased in all regions examined, and lipid peroxidation was significantly increased in the basal forebrain and frontal cortex. The researchers indicated that the 7-day exposure can be harmful to the brain, especially to the basal forebrain and frontal cortex due to development of lipid peroxidation.
Reale M et al. · 2006
Researchers investigated whether overnight exposure to a 1 mT, 50-Hz sinusoidal electromagnetic field affects the expression of iNOS and MCP-1 in human monocytes. EMF exposure affected iNOS and MCP-1 expression in cultured human mononuclear cells at both the mRNA level and the protein level. iNOS was down-regulated while MCP-1 was up-regulated.
Bediz CS, Baltaci AK, Mogulkoc R, Oztekin E. · 2006
Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated to three groups: control, EMF-exposed (50 Hz, 5 minutes every other day for 6 months), and EMF-exposed with zinc sulfate (3 mg/kg/day intraperitoneally). Researchers measured plasma zinc and TBARS, and GSH in erythrocytes; TBARS and GSH were also determined in brain tissues. TBARS levels in plasma and brain were higher in EMF-exposed rats than controls, and lower in zinc-supplemented rats than EMF-exposed rats. GSH levels decreased in brain and erythrocytes of EMF-exposed rats and were highest in zinc-supplemented rats. Plasma zinc was lower in EMF-exposed rats than controls and highest in zinc-supplemented rats.
Calota V, Dragoiu S, Meghea A, Giurginca M · 2006
Researchers investigated the decrease of luminol chemiluminescence upon exposure of human blood serum to 50 Hz electric fields. After 1 and 2 hours of in vitro exposure to 50 Hz electric fields of different intensities, the chemiluminescence of luminol decreased compared to controls. The authors indicate this reflects a field-induced decrease in free radical concentration.
Jeong JH, Kum C, Choi HJ, Park ES, Sohn UD. · 2006
Researchers investigated the effect of 60 Hz ELF-MF on hyperalgesia in mice using a hot plate test. Exposure to ELF-MF lowered pain threshold and elevated NO synthesis in brain and spinal cord. The hyperalgesic effects were blocked by an NOS inhibitor and a Ca2+ channel blocker but not by an NMDA receptor antagonist.
Wolf FI et al. · 2005
Researchers exposed HL-60 leukemia cells, Rat-1 fibroblasts, and WI-38 diploid fibroblasts to 0.5-1.0 mT 50-Hz ELF-EMF for 24-72 hours. The treatment caused a dose-dependent increase in proliferation rate, about 30% after 72 hours at 1.0 mT. DNA damage increased dose-dependently with peaks at 24 and 72 hours. Pretreatment with the antioxidant alpha-tocopherol prevented both the proliferation increase and DNA damage, implicating redox mechanisms.
Loughran SP et al. · 2005
Researchers examined whether sleep architecture is sensitive to electromagnetic fields from digital mobile phone handsets. Fifty participants were exposed to electromagnetic fields for 30 minutes before sleep. Exposure decreased rapid eye movement sleep latency and increased electroencephalogram spectral power in the 11.5-12.25 Hz range during the initial part of sleep. The authors concluded that mobile phone exposure before sleep may promote rapid eye movement sleep and modify the sleep electroencephalogram in the first non-rapid eye movement sleep period.
Yokus B, Cakir DU, Akdag MZ, Sert C, Mete N · 2005
Researchers examined the effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (50 Hz, 0.97 mT) on oxidative DNA damage and lipid peroxidation in rats. Measurements of 8OHdG and TBARS were taken at 50 and 100 days to look for time-dependent changes. The 8OHdG levels of the exposed group were significantly higher than the sham group at both 50 and 100 days (p<0.001). The extent of DNA damage and lipid peroxidation appeared to depend on exposure time.
