Hekmat A, Saboury AA, Moosavi-Movahedi AA. · 2012
Researchers exposed calf thymus DNA to mobile phone radiofrequency fields at 940 MHz, 15 V/m, and a SAR of 40 mW/kg, then examined the DNA immediately after exposure and again two hours after a 45-minute exposure using several laboratory instruments. UV-vis and circular dichroism experiments showed that the EMFs caused disturbance in the DNA structure. Exposed DNA samples were relatively thermally unstable compared to unexposed DNA, and showed more fluorescence emission, which the researchers suggested may have occurred due to expansion of the exposed DNA structure. The structure of the DNA immediately after exposure was not significantly different from the DNA sample two hours after the 45-minute exposure, suggesting the changes were irreversible.
Fattahi-Asl J et al. · 2012
Fifty human serum wells from 25 normal healthy donors were labeled with ruthenium for an immunoassay and placed into two batches. The first batch was exposed to 900 MHz radiation from a Nokia 1202 cell phone in speech mode for 30 minutes. Ferritin levels in the exposed batch averaged 84.94 ± 1.04 μg/L versus 87.25 ± 0.83 μg/L in the unexposed batch, a significant decrease (P = 0.029).
Kwon MS et al. · 2012
Researchers investigated effects of 902.4 MHz GSM radiation on cerebral blood flow using PET with 15O-water tracer. Fifteen young healthy men were exposed to radiation at three head locations and sham exposure while performing a visual task. Exposure caused slight ear canal temperature rise but did not affect brain hemodynamics or task performance. Results showed no evidence of acute effects on cerebral blood flow.
Vannoni D et al. · 2012
Researchers cultured isolated human osteoarthritic chondrocytes in vitro, some stimulated with IL-1beta or IGF-1 to mimic osteoarthritis imbalance. The cells were exposed to extremely low frequency (100 Hz) electromagnetic fields and to Therapeutic Application of Musically Modulated Electromagnetic Fields (TAMMEF) with variable frequencies, intensities, and waveforms. Using flow cytometry, they tested effects on chondrocyte metabolism. Exposure to both systems enhanced cell proliferation and did not generate reactive oxygen species, cause glutathione depletion, change mitochondrial transmembrane potential, or induce apoptosis.
Kwon MS et al. · 2012
Finnish researchers used advanced brain imaging (PET scans) to measure blood flow in the brains of 15 men while they were exposed to cell phone radiation for 5 minutes from different positions around their heads. The study found no changes in brain blood flow despite the radiation causing a slight temperature increase in the ear canals, suggesting that short-term cell phone exposure doesn't immediately affect how blood circulates in the brain.
Unknown authors · 2012
Researchers exposed male Sprague-Dawley rats to RF-EMF for 45 minutes per day, five days per week, for up to eight weeks. Each signal had a whole-body average SAR of 2.0 W/kg. The combined exposure did not affect the measured immune parameters.
Unknown authors · 2012
Researchers exposed rats to combined CDMA (849 MHz) and WCDMA (1.95 GHz) cell phone signals at high power levels for 8 weeks, testing multiple immune system markers. The study found no detectable effects on immune function, including blood cell counts, immune cell populations, or inflammatory proteins.
Unknown authors · 2012
Researchers used an in vitro retrotransposition assay on human neuroblastoma BE(2) cells exposed for 48h to 1mT, 50Hz PMF or sham exposure. They also measured γ-H2AX foci as a marker of DNA DSB in both exposed and sham-exposed samples. PMF-exposed cells had a lower number of both retrotransposition events and DNA DSB compared with sham-exposed samples.
Sun W, Shen X, Lu D, Fu Y, Lu D, Chiang H · 2012
Researchers investigated the effects of 1.8-GHz RFR at different intensities on EGF receptor clustering and phosphorylation in human amniotic (FL) cells. Receptor clustering was analyzed by immunofluorescence with confocal microscopy, and phosphorylation was measured by western blot. Exposure at SAR 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 W/kg significantly induced clustering and phosphorylation, while SAR 0.1 W/kg had no significant effect. The authors concluded that membrane receptors may be a primary target of RFR, with a dose-rate threshold between 0.1 and 0.5 W/kg and a sigmoid dependence on intensity.
Hintzsche H et al. · 2012
Nittby H et al. · 2012
Researchers exposed 29 land snails of the strain Helix pomatia to GSM electromagnetic fields at 1900 MHz at 48 mW/kg for 1 hour each, while 29 snails served as sham controls. Before and after exposure, snails were placed on a hot plate and the time until they retracted was measured by two blinded observers. GSM-exposed snails were less sensitive to thermal pain compared to sham controls, indicating a significant analgesia (Mann-Whitney p < 0.001).
Korpinar MA, Kalkan MT, Tuncel H. · 2012
Researchers exposed rats to 50 Hz magnetic fields (the same frequency as household electrical wiring) for 21 days and measured their anxiety levels using standard behavioral tests. The exposed rats showed significantly higher anxiety and stress-related behaviors compared to unexposed rats, spending much less time in open, exposed areas of test mazes. This suggests that prolonged exposure to power-frequency magnetic fields may increase stress responses in the brain.
Akar A et al. · 2012
Researchers exposed adult male Wistar rats to 2.45 GHz microwave radiation at a SAR of 0.25 W/kg for 2 hours each day for 21 days and then measured corneal thickness using histological and stereological methods. Overall corneal thickness was 278.9 ± 54.5 μm in the control group and 272.4 ± 85.6 μm in the study group, with no statistically significant difference between groups. Anterior corneal epithelium thickness was 28.1 ± 4.9 μm in the control group and 31.7 ± 5.5 μm in the exposed group, a statistically significant difference. The researchers concluded that exposure to microwave radiation might cause alterations in the rat cornea.
Nittby H et al. · 2012
Researchers exposed land snails to cell phone radiation at 1900 MHz for one hour and tested their response to heat-induced pain. The exposed snails showed reduced sensitivity to thermal pain compared to unexposed controls, suggesting the radiofrequency radiation acted as a pain reliever. This finding indicates that non-thermal levels of cell phone radiation can alter nervous system responses in living organisms.
Joseph W, Goeminne F, Vermeeren G, Verloock L, Martens L. · 2012
Researchers assessed electromagnetic exposure from 14 types of air traffic control systems for both workers and the general public. In total, 50 sites were investigated at 1,073 locations in the frequency range of 255 kHz to 24 GHz. Two system types, Non-Directional Beacons (up to 881.6 V m) and DVOR (up to 92.3 V m), exhibited levels requiring recommended minimum distances so that ICNIRP reference levels are not exceeded. When multiple radiofrequency sources were present together, the air traffic control source was found to dominate total exposure in its neighborhood.
Lahham A, Hammash A. · 2012
Researchers measured radiofrequency power density at 65 locations across the West Bank. The average power density from FM radio was 0.148 μW cm(-2), from TV broadcasting 0.007 μW cm(-2), and from mobile phone base stations 0.089 μW cm(-2). The average total exposure from all sources was 0.37 μW cm(-2). The maximum total exposure at any location was 3.86 μW cm(-2), with an exposure quotient of 0.02, indicating compliance with international guidelines. FM radio contributed about 62% of total exposure, mobile phone base stations 35%, and TV broadcasting 3%.
Sakhnini L, Al Ali H, Al Qassab N, Al Arab E, Kamal A. · 2012
Researchers investigated the possible effect of ELF-EMFs on motor performance in prenatal and neonatal exposed mice. Motor performance was evaluated using rotarod experiments after 5 days of subacute exposure. Prenatal exposed groups showed a pronounced deficit in learning abilities, but no pronounced effect was observed for the neonatal exposed group.
Vignola MB et al. · 2012
Researchers evaluated the effect of pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) therapy on inflammatory biomarkers associated with oxidative stress in rats with experimental myopathy. Myopathy was induced by injecting 50 μl of 1% carrageenan, and PEMF treatment was applied at 20 mT and 50 Hz for 30 min/day/rat. PEMF treatment was associated with decreased levels of fibrinogen, L-citrulline, NO, SOD, and carbonyl groups and significant muscle recovery.
Bodera P et al. · 2012
Polish researchers exposed rats to cell phone frequency radiation (1800 MHz) and found it interfered with tramadol, a common painkiller used for moderate to severe pain. The electromagnetic fields didn't change pain levels on their own, but they significantly reduced the effectiveness of the pain medication 30 minutes after injection. This suggests that EMF exposure from devices like cell phones might interfere with how our bodies process certain medications.
Elwood JM. · 2012
An extensive study investigated the health of embassy staff and their families, comparing Moscow embassy staff with staff in other Eastern European US embassies. The resulting large report has never been published in peer reviewed literature. The extensive study reports on mortality and morbidity, recorded on medical records and by regular examinations, and on self-reported symptoms. Exposure levels were low, but similar or greater than present-day exposures to radiofrequencies sources such as cell phone base stations. The conclusions were that no adverse health effects of the radiation were shown.
Unknown authors · 2012
Researchers exposed female Fischer 344 and Lewis rats to a 50 Hz, 100 μT magnetic field for two weeks. Whole genome microarray analysis of mammary gland tissue revealed decreased α-amylase, carbonic anhydrase 6, and lactoperoxidase gene expression, and increased cystatin E/M expression in exposed F344 rats but not in Lewis rats.
Unknown authors · 2012
German researchers exposed two different strains of female rats to power line frequency magnetic fields (50 Hz at 100 microTesla) for two weeks and analyzed gene expression changes in breast tissue. They found that Fischer 344 rats showed significant alterations in multiple genes related to pH regulation and tumor suppression, while Lewis rats showed no changes, suggesting genetic factors determine susceptibility to EMF effects.
Yu D, Zhang R, Liu Q. · 2012
Chen Q et al. · 2012
Researchers studied electrocardiogram (ECG) outcomes in 225 female workers exposed to 27.2 MHz radiofrequency radiation at a shoe factory, comparing them with 100 unexposed female workers from the same factory. The electric field strength the workers were exposed to averaged 64.0 ± 25.2 V/m, which exceeded the 61 V/m International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection reference level for occupational exposure. A statistical difference between the exposed and control groups was observed in the rate of sinus bradycardia, but after known cardiovascular risk factors were considered, exposure duration was not found to be an effective factor for ECG changes.
Unknown authors · 2012
