M. Granger Morgan · 1986
Government agencies invested heavily in research examining whether 60-hertz electromagnetic fields from power lines pose health risks. The research demonstrated that low-frequency fields can produce changes in living systems under specific circumstances but has not demonstrated that a hazard exists. Laboratory animal screening studies largely failed to find adverse health impacts, and epidemiological studies linking long-term exposure to cancers were inconclusive. The scientific evidence neither clearly indicates a significant risk nor clearly indicates little or no risk from 60-hertz field exposures.
Unknown authors · 1986
The EPA proposed four alternative approaches to limit public exposure to radiofrequency radiation. Three options are regulatory and would set whole-body average SAR limits of 0.04, 0.08, and 0.4 W/kg for frequencies above 3 MHz. For frequencies below 3 MHz, the regulatory options would limit electric field intensity to 87, 275, and 614 V/m and magnetic field intensity to 0.23, 0.73, and -1.63 A/m respectively. The fourth option is nonregulatory and would use information and technical assistance programs instead of adopting Federal Guidance.
Unknown authors · 1985
Thomas C. Rozzell · 1984
The article reports that West Germany published its first official human-exposure guidelines for electromagnetic fields, applicable to both workers and the general public. The German standard covers frequencies from 0.01 MHz to 3900 GHz, which is wider than the ANSI standard’s 0.1 MHz to 100 GHz range.
Unknown authors · 1984
Przemyslaw Czerski, Mays L. Swicord · 1984
Eric J. Lerner · 1984
Louis Slesin · 1984
The article reviews concerns about radiation from video display terminals (VDTs) in the workplace. VDTs emit very low frequency (VLF) radiation from the flyback transformer at about 16,000 pulses per second. The VLF pulses are similar in shape and intensity to those that caused adverse effects on chick embryos in Delgado's laboratory. Eleven clusters of problem pregnancies and miscarriages have been reported among women working on or near VDTs in the U.S. and Canada.
Unknown authors · 1984
B.M. Savin et al. · 1983
Billy C.W. Nesmith · 1983
Unknown authors · 1982
Paul S. Ruggera, Daniel H. Schaubert · 1982
Paul S. Ruggera, Daniel H. Schaubert · 1982
This 1982 technical report examined methods to reduce excessive electromagnetic radiation exposure from RF sealers, industrial machines that use radio frequency energy to weld plastic materials. The researchers developed concepts and approaches for minimizing worker exposure to the high-power electromagnetic fields these machines generate during operation.
Various (composite volume) · 1982
Unknown authors · 1982
Sol M. Michaelson · 1982
The review evaluates the World Health Organization's Environmental Health Criteria 16 document on radiofrequency and microwave fields from 100 kHz to 300 GHz. The reviewer finds the publication unbalanced because it accepts nonthermal interaction literature with cursory critique while neglecting refuting evidence. The review notes that the document's designations of high, medium, and low power densities are ambiguous and ignore the frequency dependence of bioeffects. It points out specific errors in Table 10 frequency designations and an incomplete discussion of chronic cataract studies that omitted rabbit and monkey data showing no ocular damage. The reviewer concludes the document does not meet the high scientific caliber and accuracy of usual WHO publications.
Unknown authors · 1982
The study induced posterior subcapsular cataracts in rabbit eyes using 2.45 GHz continuous wave radiation. Successive stages of cataract development were documented with color stereophotographs taken using a Donaldson stereo-ophthalmic camera with electronic flash illumination and two and one half times initial magnification on film. The photographs were viewed in a Donaldson special viewing apparatus that allowed consecutive stages to be seen by turning a circular knob. The viewed eye appeared as if seen in the living animal through a magnifying lens.
Unknown authors · 1982
Paul S. Ruggera, Daniel H. Schaubert, Ph.D. · 1981
Christian U. Hochuli · 1981
Researchers developed evaluation procedures for nonperturbing temperature probes in microwave fields, including a precision calibration system, a thermographic camera system to measure heating patterns in a simulated muscle sphere at 2450 MHz, and a TEM transmission cell for electromagnetic interference testing from 250 kHz to 100 MHz. The calibration accuracy was ±0.017°C at 25°C over one day and ±0.023% over six months. Testing of four probes found the RAMAL probe caused the least perturbation but was unstable over time, while NARDA and VITEK were more stable and the Cetas probe was nonoperational.
Christian U. Hochuli · 1981
This 1981 government report established procedures for evaluating temperature measurement probes that wouldn't interfere with microwave field studies. The research addressed a critical technical challenge: how to accurately measure temperatures during microwave exposure without the probe itself altering the electromagnetic field being studied.
Christian U. Hochuli · 1981
This 1981 government report developed standardized procedures for evaluating temperature measurement probes that don't interfere with microwave field experiments. The research addressed a critical technical challenge: how to accurately measure temperatures during microwave exposure studies without the probes themselves altering the electromagnetic fields being studied.
T. F. Budinger · 1981
The document revises previous NMR instrumentation and clinical study guidelines based on new information and reanalysis. For static magnetic fields, harmful physiological or genetic effects are not expected below 2 T. For changing magnetic fields, the induced current effect threshold is above 5 mT at 1-100 Hz, though waveform, repetition rate, maximum B field, and exposure duration need further study. RF heating guidelines set a practical upper limit of a few watts for short studies under 10 minutes and 1 W/kg for long-term studies, with power absorption estimated via RF coil Q measurements.
Howard I. Bassen · 1980
