Research on electromagnetic radiation from laptop computers, combining RF emissions (WiFi, Bluetooth) and ELF magnetic fields from electronics.
Zhang H et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed mice to power line frequency magnetic fields for 4 hours daily over 28 days. The exposure disrupted brain chemistry in the hippocampus, reducing proteins essential for memory and learning while increasing harmful cellular changes that could affect cognitive function.
Xu F et al. · 2017
Scientists exposed young mice to cell phone radiation (1800 MHz) for 8 hours daily over three days. The radiation disrupted brain stem cell development in 7-day-old mice but not 21-day-old mice, suggesting developing brains are more vulnerable to electromagnetic fields than mature brains.
Haghighat N, Abdolmaleki P, Parnian J, Behmanesh M. · 2017
Researchers exposed stem cells from rat bone marrow to 50 Hz electromagnetic fields (the same frequency as power lines) combined with nitric oxide, a natural cellular messenger. They found that EMF exposure combined with high levels of nitric oxide forced stem cells to transform into nerve cells, while low nitric oxide levels helped protect the cells' original stem cell properties. This suggests that EMF exposure can influence how our cells develop and differentiate, potentially affecting tissue repair and regeneration.
Aslan A, İkinci A, Baş O, Sönmez OF, Kaya H, Odacı E. · 2017
Researchers exposed young rats to 900 MHz radiofrequency radiation (similar to cell phone frequencies) for one hour daily during adolescence and examined their brain tissue. They found significant damage to the cerebellum, including fewer Purkinje cells (critical neurons for movement and coordination) and abnormal cell arrangement in exposed animals compared to unexposed controls. This suggests that even brief daily EMF exposure during brain development may cause lasting neurological damage.
Zhang D, Zhang Y, Zhu B, Zhang H, Sun Y, Sun C · 2017
Researchers studied 186 power plant workers exposed to high-voltage lines for over 20 years and found elevated DNA damage markers in their blood. When workers took resveratrol supplements, these harmful effects significantly improved, suggesting antioxidants may protect against electromagnetic field damage.
Lameth J et al. · 2017
Scientists exposed rats to cell phone radiation (1800 MHz) for 2 hours and found it reduced brain inflammation markers by 50-60% when the brain was already inflamed. The changes were temporary, lasting less than 72 hours, suggesting radiation may alter how inflamed brain tissue responds.
Gökçek-Saraç Ç et al. · 2017
Turkish researchers exposed rats to cell phone frequencies (900 MHz and 2100 MHz) for either one week or ten weeks and measured changes in brain enzymes involved in memory and learning. They found that longer exposure caused greater disruption to these critical brain pathways, and that the higher frequency (2100 MHz, used in 3G networks) caused more damage than the lower frequency (900 MHz, used in 2G networks).
Gökçek-Saraç Ç et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed rats to cell phone radiation at 900 MHz and 2100 MHz frequencies for either 1 week or 10 weeks, then examined changes in brain enzymes involved in memory and learning. They found that longer exposure (10 weeks) caused more significant changes than shorter exposure (1 week), and that 2100 MHz radiation (used by 3G networks) had stronger effects than 900 MHz radiation (used by 2G networks). This suggests that both the duration of exposure and the specific frequency matter when it comes to how wireless radiation affects the brain.
Qureshi ST, Memon SA, Abassi AR, Sial MA, Bughio FA. · 2017
Pakistani researchers exposed chickpea seeds to radiation from cell phones (900 MHz) and laptops (3.31 GHz) for 24 and 48 hours to study DNA damage. They found that both devices caused genetic damage to plant cells, with laptop radiation being more harmful than cell phone radiation. The study suggests these everyday devices could potentially cause DNA damage and cancer-like changes in living tissue.
Marjanovic Cermak AM et al. · 2017
Scientists exposed cells to 1800 MHz radiation from cell phones for 10-60 minutes at typical usage levels. Even brief exposures triggered oxidative stress, where harmful molecules called free radicals increased faster than cells could neutralize them, indicating cellular damage pathways activated by phone radiation.
Ozdemir E et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed rats to 50 Hz magnetic fields (household electricity frequency) for 15 days while giving them morphine. The magnetic field exposure enhanced morphine's pain relief and reduced tolerance development. This suggests electromagnetic fields can influence how our nervous systems respond to pain medications.
Kumari K et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed mice to intermediate frequency magnetic fields (7.5 kHz) for 5 weeks and tested their learning and memory abilities. Mice exposed to higher field levels showed impaired memory performance and increased brain inflammation markers. This suggests that magnetic fields from common sources like induction cooktops and security systems may affect cognitive function.
Marjanovic Cermak AM et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed human cells to cell phone radiation (1800 MHz) for up to 60 minutes at typical phone power levels. The cells showed signs of oxidative stress, including increased harmful free radicals and elevated cellular defense responses, even without heating effects.
Poulletier de Gannes F et al. · 2017
French researchers exposed rats to cell phone radiation (GSM and UMTS signals) for 4 weeks and found that high exposure levels caused the blood-brain barrier to leak 50 days after exposure ended. The blood-brain barrier normally protects the brain from harmful substances in the blood, but this protective shield became compromised at radiation levels equivalent to what humans might experience with very high cell phone use.
Davarpanah Jazi S, Modolo J, Baker C, Villard S, Legros A. · 2017
Researchers exposed 10 healthy volunteers to 60 Hz magnetic fields up to 50 milliTesla (extremely high levels) while measuring brain activity and hand tremor. They found subtle changes in brain wave patterns related to touch sensation, but no effects on motor control or hand tremor. The study provides preliminary evidence that power-frequency magnetic fields can influence specific brain regions even when they don't cause obvious physical symptoms.
Lian HY, Lin KW, Yang C, Cai P. · 2017
Researchers exposed yeast cells to radiofrequency radiation (2.0 GHz) and extremely low frequency fields (50 Hz) to study effects on protein misfolding. They found that both types of electromagnetic fields increased the formation and spread of prions (misfolded proteins linked to neurodegenerative diseases) in a dose-dependent manner. This suggests EMF exposure may contribute to protein misfolding disorders through oxidative stress mechanisms.
Kim HS et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed rats to 915 MHz radiofrequency radiation (used in RFID systems) for 8 hours daily over 2 weeks. They found measurable changes in blood cell counts - red blood cells increased while white blood cells decreased, demonstrating RF radiation can alter blood composition at moderate exposure levels.
Ibitayo AO et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed young male rats to Wi-Fi radiation at 2.5 GHz for 30, 45, and 60 days to study brain effects. They found DNA damage and vascular congestion (blood vessel swelling) in the brain tissue that worsened with longer exposure periods. This suggests that everyday Wi-Fi exposure may cause cumulative damage to brain cells and blood vessels over time.
Suzuki S et al. · 2017
Japanese researchers exposed mouse eggs and sperm to 3G cell phone radiation at 2 watts per kilogram for one hour, then studied fertilization rates and early embryo development. They found no significant effects on fertilization success, embryo development, or chromosome damage across different exposure combinations. The researchers noted their exposure level was at least 100 times higher than typical daily human exposure to cell phone radiation.
Das S, Chakraborty S, Mahanta B. · 2017
Researchers tested the hearing of medical students who had been using mobile phones for at least 5 years, comparing the ear they typically hold their phone to versus their other ear. They found measurable hearing loss in the phone-exposed ear at high frequencies (2, 4, and 8 kHz), with both air and bone conduction thresholds significantly elevated compared to the unexposed ear. This suggests that regular mobile phone use may gradually damage hearing, particularly at frequencies important for understanding speech.
Bourdineaud JP et al. · 2017
Earthworms exposed to cell phone radiation (900 MHz) for two hours showed DNA damage and stress responses lasting 24+ hours. The radiation levels were 100 times weaker than safety limits, yet still caused genetic changes, suggesting brief low-level EMF exposure creates lasting biological effects.
Samiee F, Samiee K. · 2017
Researchers exposed Caspian Sea carp to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (the same 50 Hz frequency used in power lines and household electricity) for 30 minutes to 1 hour. Fish exposed to magnetic field strengths of 3 milliTesla or higher showed severe brain damage, including tissue death. The damage worsened with both stronger fields and longer exposure times.
Bourdineaud JP et al. · 2017
Scientists exposed earthworms to cell phone radiation (900 MHz) for two hours at levels far below safety limits. The worms showed DNA damage and stress responses that lasted over 24 hours after exposure ended, suggesting even brief, low-level mobile phone frequencies cause lasting biological harm.
Zhang KY et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed mouse sperm-producing cells to cell phone radiation (1950 MHz) at 3 W/kg for 24 hours, both alone and combined with X-ray radiation. While the RF radiation alone caused no harm, when combined with X-rays it significantly increased cell death and reduced cell growth compared to X-rays alone. This suggests that cell phone radiation may make cells more vulnerable to other forms of radiation damage.
Kulaber A, Kerimoğlu G, Ersöz Ş, Çolakoğlu S, Odacı E. · 2017
Researchers exposed young male rats to 900 MHz radiofrequency radiation (similar to cell phone frequencies) for one hour daily during their adolescent development period. The exposed rats showed increased oxidative stress in their thymus (a key immune system organ) and tissue damage including bleeding into the tissue. This suggests that RF radiation during development may harm the immune system by creating damaging free radicals.