Laptop EMF Research

DNA Damage Analysis by Comet Assay Method in Blood Tissue and Physiopathological Evaluation of the Effect of Quercetin on Kidney Tissue in 2600 MHz Electromagnetic Field Exposure

Unknown authors · 2025

Alpha-Lipoic Acid Preserves Testicular Integrity Under 2.45 GHz Electromagnetic Radiation by Restoring Redox and Inflammatory Balance

Unknown authors · 2025

EMR exposure caused marked structural damage to seminiferous tubules, increased collagen deposition, expanded tubular and interstitial volumes, raised IL-6 and TNF-α expression, and reduced antioxidant enzyme activities while increasing MDA levels. Alpha-lipoic acid supplementation prevented the structural damage, lowered inflammatory markers, restored AR, ZO-1, and ZO-2 expression, and reversed the oxidative stress parameters.

The Effect of High-Voltage Power Lines on Magnetic Orientation of Domestic Dogs. Animals (Basel)

Iakovenko NS et al. · 2025

Researchers investigated the effects of alternating MF generated by PL on spontaneous magnetic alignment in 36 dogs. Behavior was recorded under north–south (NS) and east–west (EW) oriented PL and compared with control conditions lacking anthropogenic MF. Under control geomagnetically calm conditions, alignment was bimodal with a grand mean of 23°/203°. Under NS-oriented PL, alignment remained bimodal with a grand mean of 5°/185°. Under EW-oriented PL, alignment became trimodal with a grand mean of 103°/283°.

Review of the evidence on the influence of Wi-Fi 2.4 GHz radiation on oxidative stress and its possible relationship with Alzheimer’s disease

Laván D et al. · 2025

The researchers indirectly analyzed the relationship between oxidative-stress-responsive genes after Wi-Fi 2.4 GHz exposure and genes linked to Alzheimer’s disease. They reported that prolonged exposure to this radiation could worsen the modification of key neurodegeneration genes such as GSK3B and APOE. The authors note that the link between wireless systems and Alzheimer’s disease remains inconclusive and requires further research.

Effects of radiofrequency field from 5G communications on the spatial memory and emotionality in mice

Unknown authors · 2024

Researchers investigated the effects of 4.9 GHz radiofrequency field on emotional behaviors and spatial memory in adult male mice. They used open field test, tail suspension test, and Y maze to assess anxiety, depression-like behavior, and spatial memory. Anxiety-like behavior and spatial memory did not change after exposure, but depression-like behavior was induced. Neuron number decreased and pyroptosis increased in the amygdala but not the hippocampus.

Impact of specific electromagnetic radiation on wakefulness in mice

Unknown authors · 2024

Previous research found increased wakefulness in mice after prolonged exposure to 2.4 GHz electromagnetic radiation with 100 Hz square-pulsed modulation at 1/8 duty cycle. The current study addresses whether modulation frequency, pulse edge sharpness, carrier frequency, and duty cycle matter for sleep and wakefulness alteration.

Effects of 4G mobile phone radiation exposure on reproductive, hepatic, renal, and hematological parameters of male Wistar rat

Unknown authors · 2024

Effects of 4G mobile phone radiation exposure on reproductive, hepatic, renal, and hematological parameters of male Wistar rat

Unknown authors · 2024

Researchers exposed male rats to 4G mobile phone radiation (2350 MHz) for 2 hours daily over 56 days and found significant reproductive damage including reduced sperm viability, abnormal sperm, lower testosterone, and tissue damage to reproductive organs, liver, and kidneys. The study also revealed increased oxidative stress and changes in blood parameters, suggesting chronic 4G exposure may harm multiple organ systems in males.

Evaluation of mitochondrial stress following ultraviolet radiation and 5G radiofrequency field exposure in human skin cells

Unknown authors · 2024

Researchers evaluated the impact of 5G-modulated 3.5 GHz RF EMF on mitochondrial stress in human fibroblasts and keratinocytes exposed for 24 hours at specific absorption rates of 0.25, 1, and 4 W/kg. They found a statistically significant reduction in mitochondrial ROS in fibroblasts at 1 W/kg, a slight but statistically significant enhancement of UV-B effects in keratinocytes at 0.25 and 1 W/kg, and no effect on mitochondrial membrane potential or apoptosis in any cell type or exposure condition.

Rat brain and testicular tissue effects of radiofrequency radiation exposure: Histopathological, DNA damage of brain and qRT-PCR analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH. JUL 2024

Yavas MC, Kilitci A, Çelik E, Yegin K, Sirav B, Varol S · 2024

Researchers created two groups of seven rats each, one sham control and one exposed to 2100 MHz RF-EMF for five hours per day over 14 days. Brain tissue from exposed rats showed vascular alterations and significant edema. The exposed group had 18.26% tail DNA compared to 4.06% in controls, indicating more cellular damage. Testicular tissue showed significant deterioration of spermatogenic cells. Bax and bcl-2 gene expression changed significantly, while p53 did not.

Effects of 700 and 3500 MHz 5G radiofrequency exposure on developing zebrafish embryos

Torres-Ruiz M et al. · 2024

Researchers exposed zebrafish embryos to unmodulated 700 MHz and 3500 MHz radiofrequency radiation for 1 and 4 hours during the blastula period and assessed outcomes up to 120 hours post fertilization. The exposure did not affect mortality, hatching, or body length, but caused specific organ morphological changes and lasting behavioral alterations in activity, anxiety-like behavior, and habituation. Effects were stronger at 700 MHz, particularly after 4 hours of exposure, and acetylcholinesterase activity was reduced.

Yavas MC, Kilitci A, Çelik E, Yegin K, Sirav B, Varol S

Unknown authors · 2024

Researchers created two groups of seven rats each, a sham control and an exposure group, and exposed the latter to 2100 MHz RF-EMF for five hours per day over 14 days. Histological examination of brain tissue from the exposed group revealed vascular alterations and significant edema. The comet assay showed much more cellular damage in the exposed group (18.26% tail DNA) than in controls (4.06% tail DNA). Testicular tissue showed significant deterioration of spermatogenic cells in the exposed group. Bax and bcl-2 mRNA levels differed significantly between groups, while p53 did not change.

Yavas MC, Kilitci A, Çelik E, Yegin K, Sirav B, Varol S

Unknown authors · 2024

Researchers exposed rats to 2100 MHz radiofrequency radiation for 5 hours daily over 14 days, finding significant brain swelling, blood vessel changes, and DNA damage. The study also revealed deterioration in sperm-producing cells and changes in genes that control cell death. This frequency is close to what 3G and some 4G cell towers use.

Electromagnetic field (50 Hz) enhance metabolic potential and induce adaptive/reprogramming response mediated by the increase of N6-methyladenosine RNA methylation in adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in vitro

Unknown authors · 2024

Researchers exposed adipose-derived stem cells to a 50 Hz electromagnetic field at 1.5 mT for 24 and 48 hours. After 24 hours of exposure, N6-methyladenosine RNA methylation significantly increased. The expression of stem cell markers Nanog, Oct-4, Sox-2, CD44, and CD105 increased after 24 hours of exposure. Western blot analysis showed upregulation of p21 and DNMT2/TRDMT1 protein levels with no change in p53. Cell membrane flexibility, metabolic potential, and mitochondrial distribution, morphology, and metabolism were altered after 24 hours.

Detrimental effects of electromagnetic radiation emitted from cell phone on embryo morphokinetics and blastocyst viability in mice

Unknown authors · 2024

Researchers exposed mouse zygotes to cell phone electromagnetic radiation at 900-1800 MHz for 30 minutes on day 1. Exposed embryos showed slower cleavage divisions, more abnormal cleavage patterns, and delayed blastocyst formation. Cell survival in blastocysts was lower in the exposed group.

Sulforaphane Effects on Neuronal-like Cells and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Exposed to 2.45 GHz Electromagnetic Radiation

Unknown authors · 2024

Researchers exposed SH-SY5Y neuronal-like cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells to 2.45 GHz EMR for 24 hours with sulforaphane at 5, 10, and 25 µg/mL. Higher sulforaphane concentrations caused harmful effects and the compound showed a hormetic response in Nrf2, SOD2, and apoptosis markers.

Sulforaphane Effects on Neuronal-like Cells and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Exposed to 2.45 GHz Electromagnetic Radiation

Unknown authors · 2024

Researchers exposed brain-like cells and immune cells to 2.45 GHz WiFi radiation for 24 hours, finding it reduced cell survival and caused cellular damage. However, a low dose of sulforaphane (a compound from broccoli) protected the cells from this radiation damage. The protective effect only worked at low doses - higher concentrations of sulforaphane actually made things worse.

The effect of exposure to radiofrequency LTE signal and coexposure to mitomycin-C in Chinese hamster lung fibroblast V79 cells

Sannino A et al. · 2024

This in vitro study exposed Chinese hamster lung fibroblast V79 cells to 1950 MHz LTE radiofrequency signals at two SAR levels (0.3 and 1.25 W/kg), alone and combined with the cytotoxic agent mitomycin-C, measuring chromosomal damage, oxidative stress, and cell cycle effects. RF exposure alone produced no detectable effects, but pre-exposure followed by mitomycin-C treatment at higher SAR levels resulted in reduced chromosomal damage and oxidative stress compared to mitomycin-C treatment alone.

Effect of Low-Frequency, Low-Energy Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields in Neuronal and Microglial Cells Injured with Amyloid- Beta

Unknown authors · 2024

Researchers stimulated SH-SY5Y neuronal cells with hydrogen peroxide or amyloid-β peptide and activated N9 microglial cells with lipopolysaccharide or amyloid-β peptide. Cells were exposed to pulsed electromagnetic fields with a pulse duration of 1.3 ms and a frequency of 75 Hz. The fields defended SH-SY5Y cells against oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, and cell death induced by amyloid-β or hydrogen peroxide. In microglia activated by lipopolysaccharide or amyloid-β, the fields reverted the reduction in mitochondrial potential, oxidative damage, and cell death.

Electromagnetic field‐induced adaptive response in Schwann cells through DNA methylation, histone deacetylation, and oxidative stress

Unknown authors · 2024

Exposure to the extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field induces changes in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression in the endometrium

Wydorski PJ, Kozlowska W, Zmijewska A, Franczak A · 2024

Researchers exposed porcine endometrial slices to a 50 Hz ELF-EMF for 2 hours in vitro. They measured mRNA and protein levels of genes involved in DNA methylation, histone modification, and microRNA biogenesis. They also assessed EED and SUZ12 transcripts, global DNA methylation, and HDAC activity. Exposure changed the abundance of DNMT1, DNMT3a, EZH2, EED, SUZ12, global DNA methylation, HDAC activity, and microRNA biogenesis proteins.

Exposure to the extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field induces changes in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression in the endometrium

Wydorski PJ, Kozlowska W, Zmijewska A, Franczak A · 2024

Polish researchers exposed pig uterine tissue to 50 Hz electromagnetic fields (the same frequency as power lines) for 2 hours and found significant changes in genes that control DNA methylation and other cellular processes. The EMF exposure altered multiple epigenetic mechanisms that regulate gene expression, potentially disrupting normal biological processes during early pregnancy implantation.

Effects of 3.5-GHz radiofrequency radiation on energy-regulatory hormone levels in the blood and adipose tissue

Unknown authors · 2024

Effect of 2850 MHz electromagnetic field radiation on the early growth, antioxidant activity, and secondary metabolite profile of red and green cabbage (Brassica oleracea L

Unknown authors · 2024

Researchers studied the impact of 2850 MHz electromagnetic field radiation on red and green cabbage seedlings, exposing them daily for seven days to homogeneous EMF-r for one, two, or four hours. Exposure caused dose-dependent reductions in root length, shoot length, and biomass in both cultivars compared with controls. Chlorophyll and carotenoid contents decreased significantly in both red and green cabbage. Phenolic, flavonoid, and anthocyanin contents increased with exposure duration in both cultivars. EMF-r produced oxidative stress shown by dose-dependent increases in total antioxidant activity, DPPH activity, H2O2 content, and MDA content, while antioxidant enzyme activities increased significantly.

Exposure to Radiofrequency Induces Synaptic Dysfunction in Cortical Neurons Causing Learning and Memory Alteration in Early Postnatal Mice

Unknown authors · 2024

The study investigated the effects of 1850 MHz RF-EMF exposure at a specific absorption rate of 4.0 W/kg on cortical neurons in mice at postnatal day 28. Daily exposure for 4 weeks significantly reduced the number of mushroom-shaped dendritic spines in the prefrontal cortex. Prolonged exposure over 9 days gradually decreased postsynaptic density 95 puncta and inhibited neurite outgrowth in developing cortical neurons. Expression levels of genes associated with synapse formation, such as synaptic cell adhesion molecules and cyclin-dependent kinase 5, were reduced in the cerebral cortexes of exposed mice. Behavioral assessments using the Morris water maze revealed altered spatial learning and memory after the 4-week exposure period.