Browse 6,486 peer-reviewed studies on electromagnetic field health effects from 4 research libraries.
Showing 1,633 studies in Cellular Effects
Erogul O et al. · 2006
Researchers enrolled 27 men and divided each semen sample into two parts, exposing one to 900 MHz cellular phone radiation. Exposure caused a subtle decrease in rapid and slow progressive sperm movement and an increase in non-motile sperm. Sperm concentration did not differ significantly between exposed and unexposed samples.
Dawe AS et al. · 2006
The study compared heat-shock gene expression in nematodes exposed to 1.0 GHz microwaves at 0.5 W in copper and silver-plated TEM cells. In copper cells, exposed samples were up to 0.2°C warmer than sham controls, and a 20% increase in reporter expression was observed. The authors concluded that the original non-thermal interpretation cannot be sustained and at least part of the effect is thermal.
Copty AB, Neve-Oz Y, Barak I, Golosovsky M, Davidov D. · 2006
Researchers compared the effects of microwave irradiation and conventional heating on the fluorescence of solution-based green fluorescent protein. Both microwave irradiation and conventional heating decreased fluorescence intensity and red-shifted the spectrum. The microwave-induced fluorescence changes could not be explained by heating alone.
Christ A, Samaras T, Klingenböck A, Kuster N. · 2006
The study investigated electromagnetic near-field absorption in layered biological tissue from 30 MHz to 6000 MHz. Two effects can increase SAR in layered tissue versus homogeneous liquid: standing wave effects at larger distances depending on frequency and fat thickness, and high local skin absorption from reactive E-fields in the very close near-field. A conservative exposure estimate can be obtained by applying a multiplication factor of 1 to 3 to current dosimetric values.
Anghileri LJ, Mayayo E, Domingo JL, Thouvenot P. · 2006
The study aimed to evaluate health risks caused by radio frequency accelerated carcinogenesis and the importance of processes driven by the calcium ion signal. Exposed animals showed organ hypertrophy, lymphoid blood and ascites, solid tumours, and mortality that were very different from control animals. The results emphasized the role of calcium ion signal influx in the activation of oncogenes and the failure of thymus-determined immune defences.
Anghileri LJ, Mayayo E, Domingo JL. · 2006
The study investigated the effects of parenteral iron administration on the acceleration of lymphomagenesis by radiofrequency exposure using an animal model that develops spontaneous lymphomas with ageing. Complementary studies showed differences in absorption and excretion between ferric gluconate and ferric-ATP complex, and molecular structure-dependence in calcium cellular uptake. The results demonstrated a synergism between radiofrequency and ferric gluconate, and increased risk of radiofrequency exposure when simultaneous to parenteral iron administration.
Aalto S et al. · 2006
Researchers studied the effects of a commercial mobile phone on regional cerebral blood flow in healthy humans using PET imaging. A mobile phone in operation induced a local decrease in cerebral blood flow beneath the antenna in the inferior temporal cortex and an increase in the prefrontal cortex. The study used a double-blind, counterbalanced design with 12 male subjects performing a verbal working memory task.
Oral B et al. · 2006
Researchers examined oxidative stress from a 900-MHz mobile phone and the possible protective effects of vitamins E and C on endometrial tissue in rats. Rats were divided into a sham control group, a 900-MHz EMF-exposed group (30 minutes daily for 30 days), and an EMF-exposed group treated with vitamins E and C before each exposure. Malondialdehyde, a marker of lipid peroxidation, and the proteins Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3, and caspase-8 were measured in endometrial tissue. The EMF-exposed rats showed increased malondialdehyde levels and apoptosis, while vitamins E and C ameliorated oxidative tissue injury and apoptosis through free radical scavenging and antioxidant properties.
Jeong JH, Kum C, Choi HJ, Park ES, Sohn UD. · 2006
Researchers investigated the effect of 60 Hz ELF-MF on hyperalgesia in mice using a hot plate test. Exposure to ELF-MF lowered pain threshold and elevated NO synthesis in brain and spinal cord. The hyperalgesic effects were blocked by an NOS inhibitor and a Ca2+ channel blocker but not by an NMDA receptor antagonist.
Calota V, Dragoiu S, Meghea A, Giurginca M · 2006
Researchers investigated the decrease of luminol chemiluminescence upon exposure of human blood serum to 50 Hz electric fields. After 1 and 2 hours of in vitro exposure to 50 Hz electric fields of different intensities, the chemiluminescence of luminol decreased compared to controls. The authors indicate this reflects a field-induced decrease in free radical concentration.
Zhao R, Zhang SZ, Yao GD, Lu DQ, Jiang H, Xu ZP · 2006
Zeng Q, Chen G, Weng Y, Wang L, Chiang H, Lu D, Xu Z. · 2006
Researchers investigated gene and protein responses to GSM 1800 MHz RF EMF in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells using genomic and proteomic approaches. GeneChip analysis identified a handful of changed genes after exposure at SAR up to 3.5 W/kg for 24 hours, but these changes were not confirmed by RT-PCR. Proteome analysis found a few different proteins differentially expressed under continuous or intermittent exposure at SAR 3.5 W/kg for 24 hours or less, but the authors suggest these effects might have occurred by chance.
Zeng QL, Weng Y, Chen GD, Lu DQ, Chiang H, Xu ZP · 2006
Researchers exposed MCF-7 human breast cancer cells to GSM 1800 MHz RF EMF at 3.5 W/kg SAR for various durations and modes. They used 2-dimensional electrophoresis and PDQuest software to analyze protein expression. No differential proteins were found after 6 hours of continuous exposure. Eighteen differential proteins were detected after 3-hour intermittent exposure and seven after 12-hour continuous exposure. The analysis suggested that the differentially expressed proteins should be related to biosynthesization, signal transduction, and DNA damage and repair.
Xu S, Ning W, Xu Z, Zhou S, Chiang H, Luo J. · 2006
The study assessed the effects of microwave exposure on cultured rat hippocampal neurons using whole cell patch-clamp analysis combined with immunocytochemistry. Chronic exposure for 15 minutes per day over 8 days to GSM 1800-MHz microwaves at a SAR of 2.4 W/kg selectively reduced the amplitude of AMPA miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents, while the frequency of AMPA mEPSCs and the amplitude of NMDA mEPSCs did not change. The same exposure decreased the expression of postsynaptic density 95 (PSD95) in the cultured neurons.
Wang J et al. · 2006
Researchers exposed A172 cells to 2450 MHz high-frequency electromagnetic fields at SARs of 5-200 W/kg and included heat controls at 38-44°C. HSP70 expression increased in a time- and dose-dependent manner at SARs above 50 W/kg for 1-3 hours, similar to heat controls. HSP27 expression did not change significantly with HFEMF exposure or heating, but HSP27 phosphorylation increased transiently at 100 and 200 W/kg, exceeding the effect of heating at 40-44°C, peaking after 1 hour at 100 W/kg.
Vanderwaal RP, Cha B, Moros EG, Roti Roti JL. · 2006
The radiofrequency exposures were 847 MHz TDMA at a SAR of 5 W kg-1 for 1, 2, or 24 h and 900 MHz GSM at a SAR of 3.7 W kg-1 for 1, 2, or 5 h. Acute hyperthermia at 45 degrees C increased the proportion of higher phosphorylated forms of HSP27. Exposure of HeLa S3 cells to 5 W kg-1 TDMA for 1, 2, or 24 h did not induce significant differences in HSP27 phosphorylation compared to incubator control or sham.
Trosic I, Busljeta I. · 2006
Researchers exposed rats to 2.45 GHz microwave radiation at a whole-body SAR of 1.25+/-0.36 W/kg for 2 hours per day, 7 days a week. Bone marrow polychromatic erythrocytes increased on days 8 and 15, and peripheral blood polychromatic erythrocytes increased on days 2 and 8. Bone marrow micronucleated PCE frequency increased on day 15, and peripheral blood micronucleated PCEs increased on day 8, but all values declined nearly to control levels by the end of the experiment.
Takashima Y et al. · 2006
Researchers exposed cells to radio frequency electromagnetic fields at 2.45 GHz to examine cell growth, survival, and cell cycle distribution across a wide range of specific absorption rates. When cells were exposed to a continuous RF field at SARs from 0.05 to 100 W/kg for 2 h, cellular growth rate, survival, and cell cycle distribution were not affected. At 200 W/kg, the cell growth rate was suppressed and cell survival decreased, and the temperature of the medium rose to 44.1 degrees C. The researchers suggested that the proliferation disorder is caused by the thermal effect.
Pavicic I, Trosic I, Sarolic A · 2006
Researchers compared the effects of 864 MHz and 935 MHz microwave radiation on V79 cell proliferation, colony formation, and viability. Cells exposed to 864 MHz for 2 or 3 hours showed significantly reduced growth on day 3, whereas 3-hour 935 MHz exposure significantly increased growth. Colony-forming ability and viability did not differ significantly from controls for either frequency.
Paulraj R, Behari J · 2006
The control group was sham irradiated. The study revealed a statistically significant decrease in PKC activity in the hippocampus compared to the rest of the brain and controls. Electron microscopy showed an increase in glial cell population in the exposed group.
Stankiewicz W et al. · 2006
Researchers investigated whether human blood immune cells activated in vitro would be sensitive to electromagnetic field exposure. The results suggest that immune activity of responding lymphocytes and monocytes can be additionally intensified by 900 MHz microwaves.
Hoyto A, Sihvonen AP, Alhonen L, Juutilainen J, Naarala J · 2006
Researchers investigated the effects of low-level radiofrequency radiation and elevated temperature on ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity in murine L929 fibroblasts. RF radiation did not affect cellular ODC activity. A slight temperature increase of 0.8-0.9 degrees C in the exposure system led to decreased ODC activity, which was verified by exposing cells to different temperatures in incubators.
Forgacs Z et al. · 2006
Researchers studied the possible effects of whole-body 1800 MHz GSM-like microwave exposure on male reproduction in mice. After repeated exposure at 0.018-0.023 W/kg SAR, an elevated serum testosterone level was measured, but no histopathological alteration could be detected in the reproductive organs. Leydig cell cultures from exposed animals did not differ from controls in their steroidogenic response.
Espinosa JM, Liberti M, Lagroye I, Veyret B. · 2006
Researchers studied the binding properties of the serotonin 5-HT1B receptor in rat brain membranes under exposure to AC and DC magnetic fields. One-hour exposures at 1.1 mT at 50 Hz caused statistically significant increases in both the K(D) and B(max) binding parameters, from 1.74 to 4.51 nM and from 1428 to 2137 CPM, respectively. DC fields had a lesser effect compared to AC fields at low values of K(Dsham), but decreased the affinity at higher values of K(Dsham). The researchers described these findings as one of the few documented pieces of evidence for cell-free effects of DC and extremely low frequency AC magnetic fields in the mT range.
Capri M et al. · 2006
Researchers exposed human peripheral blood mononuclear cells from young and elderly donors to radiofrequency radiation at 1,800 MHz and a Specific Absorption Rate of 2 W/kg, with or without mitogenic stimulation. However, RF exposure produced a slight but significant downregulation of CD95 expression in stimulated CD4+ T lymphocytes from elderly donors only.