EMF Research Studies

American National Standard Safety Levels with Respect to Human Exposure to Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Fields, 300 kHz to 100 GHz

Unknown authors · 1982

POTENTIAL HEALTH HAZARDS OF VIDEO DISPLAY TERMINALS

William E. Murray et al. · 1981

An Evaluation of Radiation Emission from Video Display Terminals

Unknown authors · 1981

FDA Sees No Radiation Risk in VDT Screens

Eliot Marshall · 1981

A REVIEW OF RADIOFREQUENCY AND MICROWAVE RADIATION BIOEFFECTS RESEARCH AND ISSUES: 1977-1981

Christopher H. Dodge, Zorach (Zory) R. Glaser · 1981

The Hazards of VDTs

Bob DeMatteo · 1981

SYNOPSIS OF SUGGESTED GUIDELINES BASED ON 1981 INFORMATION

T. F. Budinger · 1981

The document revises previous NMR instrumentation and clinical study guidelines based on new information and reanalysis. For static magnetic fields, harmful physiological or genetic effects are not expected below 2 T. For changing magnetic fields, the induced current effect threshold is above 5 mT at 1-100 Hz, though waveform, repetition rate, maximum B field, and exposure duration need further study. RF heating guidelines set a practical upper limit of a few watts for short studies under 10 minutes and 1 W/kg for long-term studies, with power absorption estimated via RF coil Q measurements.

FY 1981 AND FY 1982 DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE BUDGET REVISIONS

Unknown authors · 1981

INTERACTION OF RF FIELDS WITH BIOSYSTEMS

J.W. Frazer · 1981

Dielectric Properties of Animal Tissues In Vivo at Frequencies 10 MHz - 1 GHz

Maria A. Stuchly et al. · 1981

An open-ended coaxial line sensor with an automatic network analyzer measured the permittivity of feline skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, liver, kidney, spleen, and brain gray and white matter in vivo at frequencies between 10 MHz and 1 GHz. The estimated measurement uncertainties were between 1.5% and 2.5%. Significant differences were observed between skeletal and smooth muscle, and many tissues showed non-homogeneous permittivity varying by location. Feline brain dielectric constant was about 20% lower than human brain in vitro below 200 MHz, while conductivity was only slightly lower. Dielectric properties remained unchanged after death.

SOLAR POWER SATELLITE SYSTEMS AND ISSUES - CHAPTER VIII: ENVIRONMENT AND HEALTH

Unknown authors · 1981

This 1981 Office of Technology Assessment draft chapter outlined the environmental and health impacts of proposed Solar Power Satellite systems, focusing on the reference system. The chapter identified the biological effects of electromagnetic radiation, atmospheric effects of electromagnetic radiation and launch effluents, and land requirements for ground-based receivers as the most significant concerns. Preliminary assessments indicated that quantifiable impacts would be no more severe than those of other large-scale electricity-generating technologies, and that in the case of coal, SPS would be an order of magnitude cleaner.

Tissue Interactions With Nonionizing Electromagnetic Fields

W. R. ADEY · 1981

ELECTRIC FIELD ENHANCED AEROSOL EXPOSURE IN VISUAL DISPLAY UNIT ENVIRONMENTS

Walter Cato Olsen · 1981

Researchers surveyed electrostatic fields in VDU work areas and measured aerosol deposition on skin and a high-voltage sampling device. Submicron particle deposition increased substantially and nearly proportionally with electric field intensity, reaching fluxes at least an order of magnitude higher than zero-field conditions under rash-equivalent conditions. Sulfur and chlorine from outdoor aerosol were relatively abundant in field-generated deposits and may be components of the compounds causing rashes.

Procedures for Evaluating Nonperturbing Temperature Probes in Microwave Fields

Christian U. Hochuli · 1981

Researchers developed evaluation procedures for nonperturbing temperature probes in microwave fields, including a precision calibration system, a thermographic camera system to measure heating patterns in a simulated muscle sphere at 2450 MHz, and a TEM transmission cell for electromagnetic interference testing from 250 kHz to 100 MHz. The calibration accuracy was ±0.017°C at 25°C over one day and ±0.023% over six months. Testing of four probes found the RAMAL probe caused the least perturbation but was unstable over time, while NARDA and VITEK were more stable and the Cetas probe was nonoperational.

A DISCUSSION OF THE CONCEPTS AND APPROACHES FOR MINIMIZING EXCESSIVE EXPOSURE TO ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION FROM RF SEALERS

Paul S. Ruggera, Daniel H. Schaubert, Ph.D. · 1981

High-Frequency Electromagnetic Radiation Injury to the Upper Extremity: Local and Systemic Effects

Michael Ciano et al. · 1981

Measurements of Electromagnetic Fields From a Head-Worn Communications Systems

Robert A. Facey · 1980

Microwave Hazard Instruments: An Evaluation of the Narda 8100, Holaday HI-1500, and Simpson 380M

W. A. Herman, D. M. Witters, Jr. · 1980

HEALTH AND SAFETY: PRELIMINARY COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE SATELLITE POWER SYSTEM (SPS) AND OTHER ENERGY ALTERNATIVES

L.J. Habegger, J.R. Gasper, C.D. Brown · 1980

COMAR POSITION STATEMENT: RADIO-FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS: MEDICAL AND ENERGY RELATED R&D

Committee on Man and Radiation (COMAR), IEEE · 1980

LAND MOBILE, SUCCESSES AND FAILURES IN THE 1970'S

Jerry S. Stover · 1980

The author describes how solid-state technology transformed mobile radio equipment and paging in the 1970s. A single RF channel could serve 30 or 40 thousand pager users or 1500 voice messaging users in a metropolitan area. Equipment costs fell in real terms, with a mobile unit staying at $800 while car prices rose from $4,000 to $8,000, and a pager price fell from $300 to $150 with twice the battery life. The author cites a 1974 Department of Commerce estimate that three radio-equipped vehicles could do the work of five unequipped vehicles, saving a billion gallons of gasoline annually. However, the FCC's 1974 allocation of 115 MHz of new spectrum saw little implementation after six years.

Dielectric Properties of Biological Substances — Tabulated

M.A. Stuchly, S.S. Stuchly · 1980

The authors compiled dielectric property data from multiple sources into a single reference table. The table covers dielectric constant and loss factor for biological materials across frequencies from 10 KHz to 10 GHz. The authors note that many values were interpolated from graphs and are not very accurate.

THE RATIONALE FOR THE 1979 RADIOFREQUENCY PROTECTION GUIDE (RFPG) "SAFETY LEVEL WITH RESPECT TO HUMAN EXPOSURE TO RADIOFREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS (300KHz - 100GHz)"

Unknown authors · 1980

A Simple Technique For Measuring High Microwave Electric Field Strengths

C.S. MacLatchy, R.M. Clements · 1980

Long-Term 2450-MHz CW Microwave Irradiation of Rabbits: Methodology and Evaluation of Ocular and Physiologic Effects

A.W. Guy, P.O. Kramar, C.A. Harris, C.K. Chou · 1980

Researchers exposed four rabbits to 2450-MHz CW microwave radiation at 10-m W/cm² for 23 h per day for 180 days, while four control rabbits were sham-exposed. Periodic eye examinations and monitoring of body mass, urinary output, rectal temperature, hematocrit, hemoglobin, white cell count with differential, platelet count, and blood coagulation revealed no significant differences except a decrease in eosinophil percentage. Additional analyses at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences found significant decreases in albumin, calcium, and albumin/total globulin ratio, and a significant increase in myeloid/erythroid ratio in bone marrow of exposed rabbits.