EMF Research Studies

Park, H-J, J-H Choi, M-H

Unknown authors · 2022

Vestibular Extremely Low-Frequency Magnetic and Electric Stimulation Effects on Human Subjective Visual Vertical Perception

Bouisset N, Villard S, Legros A · 2022

Researchers investigated the effects of ELF-MF and AC vestibular stimulations on verticality perception using a subjective visual vertical paradigm. For similar levels of SVV precision, the ELF-MF condition required more time to adjust SVV and SVV variability was higher with ELF-MF than with AC vestibular-specific stimulations. The differences between AC and ELF-MF stimulations were small.

Quantum Medicine: A Role of Extremely Low-Frequency Magnetic Fields in the Management of Chronic Pain

Unknown authors · 2022

Researchers assessed the effects of ELF-MF therapy on chronic pain in 49 patients with musculoskeletal disorders. Patients received eight 45-minute sessions every other day using a Quec Phisis setup generating ion cyclotronic resonance. Bioimpedance (R/h and Xc/h) was measured during the first and last sessions, and pain perception was quantified using the standard visual-analog scale. Both bioimpedance parameters increased significantly and pain perception decreased. The authors concluded that ELF-MF therapy appears a valid therapeutic approach for musculoskeletal pain.

Transcriptional Analysis of Mice Melanoma B16-F10 Cells in Response to Directed Current Electric Fields

Yun J, Jin X, Sun Q, Xu L, Gao J, Wang X, Zhao S · 2022

Researchers investigated the migration of mouse melanoma B16-F10 cells in directed current EFs (dcEFs). The transcriptome of melanoma B16-F10 cells in response to EF stimulation was analyzed using RNA sequencing. The cells migrated toward the cathode in applied dcEFs, and directional migration occurred in a voltage-dependent manner. Approximately 3000 upregulated and 2613 downregulated genes were identified under dcEF. Genes correlated with cell migration such as Serpine1, Ctgf, Fosb, and Fos were upregulated, and signaling pathways involved in cell motility were significantly altered.

Luo, A. Zhan, J. Ren, H. Qin, and Y

Tian L, Y. · 2022

Field exposure to 50 Hz significantly affects wild‑type and unfolded p53 expression in NB69 neuroblastoma cells

Martínez, M.A., A. Úbeda, J. · 2022

The study used a 50 Hz, 100 µT sinusoidal magnetic field and exposed NB69 cells for 30 to 120 minutes. Two anti-p53 antibodies were used to distinguish wild-type and unfolded p53 and to assess their cellular distribution. Magnetic field exposure increased p53 gene expression and wild-type p53 protein expression. Exposure also increased unfolded p53 protein expression and changed the nuclear/cytoplasmic distribution of both forms. The antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 expression was significantly increased.

Extremely Low- Frequency Electromagnetic Field Impairs the Development of Honeybee ( Apis cerana)

Li Y, Sun C, Zhou H, Huang H, Chen Y, Duan X, Huang S, Li J · 2022

The effects of different herbals on the rat hippocampus exposed to electromagnetic field for one hour during the prenatal period

Deniz OG, Kaplan S · 2022

Association between electronic device usage and sperm quality parameters in healthy men screened as potential sperm donors

Chen H-G et al. · 2022

Human resting-state EEG and radiofrequency GSM mobile phone exposure: The impact of the individual alpha frequency

Int J Radiat Biol 98(5):986-995, 2022 · 2022

Twenty-one healthy volunteers participated in a double-blind, randomized, counterbalanced crossover study with eyes-open and eyes-closed resting-state EEG recordings. The exposure system was a sham or real GSM 900 MHz mobile phone pulse modulated at 217 Hz with a mean power of 250 mW and a maximum specific absorption rate of 0.70 W/kg. EEG power spectral density was computed for the alpha band in a fixed 8-12 Hz range and for each individual's alpha frequency range. A trend toward decreased or increased alpha power during exposure was observed for eyes-closed and eyes-open conditions respectively, but did not reach statistical significance. The findings did not provide evidence for different sensitivity to RF-EMF related to individual alpha frequency variability.

Effect of 2400 MHz mobile phone radiation exposure on the behavior and hippocampus morphology in Swiss mouse model

Hasan I, Jahan MR, Islam MN, Islam MR · 2022

Researchers exposed Swiss albino male mice to 2400 MHz RF-EMR for 40 or 60 minutes daily over 60 days. Exposed mice showed a significant increase in anxiety-like behavior on the elevated plus-maze compared to controls. Stereological analysis revealed a significant decrease in pyramidal and granule neurons in the hippocampus of exposed mice. Histological examination showed degenerative alterations including black and dark blue cytoplasmic cells with shrunken morphology in the hippocampus.

Associations Between a Polymorphism in the Rat 5-HT1A Receptor Gene Promoter Region (rs198585630) and Cognitive Alterations Induced by Microwave Exposure

Li H et al. · 2022

Effects of Acute Exposure to 3500 MHz (5G) Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiation on Anxiety- Like Behavior and the Auditory Cortex in Guinea Pigs

Yang H, Zhang Y, Wu X, Gan P, Luo X, Zhong S, Zuo W · 2022

Researchers exposed forty male guinea pigs to 3500 MHz RF-EMR at SARs of 0, 2, 4, or 10 W/kg for 72 hours. They measured malondialdehyde levels, antioxidant enzyme activities, anxiety-like behavior, hearing thresholds, cell ultrastructure, and apoptosis in the auditory cortex. Exposure increased MDA levels and decreased catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase activities in the auditory cortex. Ultrastructural changes included swollen mitochondria and layered myelin sheaths, and apoptosis markers such as cytochrome-c relocalization and caspase activation were observed. Hearing thresholds and basic behavior indexes did not change significantly.

Short-term exposure to radiofrequency radiation and metabolic enzymes’ activities during pregnancy and prenatal development

Tomruk A, E. · 2022

Evaluation of Cell Migration and Cytokines Expression Changes under the Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Field on Wound Healing In Vitro Model

Costantini E et al. · 2022

The study aimed to explore the therapeutic potential of different RF-EMF exposure setups to drive faster healing by evaluating keratinocyte migration, cytokines, and MMP expression. RF-EMF treatment promoted keratinocytes' migration and regulated the expression of genes involved in healing, such as MMPs, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases, and pro/anti-inflammatory cytokines, to improve WH.

B. Blake Levitt, Henry C. Lai, Albert M. Manville. Effects of non-ionizing electromagnetic fields on flora and fauna, Part 3. Exposure standards, public policy, laws, and future directions. Rev Environ Health. 2021 Sep 27. doi: 10.1515/reveh-2021-0083

Unknown authors · 2021

The review examines government standards adopted for human exposures for their applicability to wildlife. It states that existing environmental laws such as the National Environmental Policy Act and the Migratory Bird Treaty Act should be strengthened and enforced, and new laws written for increasing EMF exposures. Radiofrequency radiation exposure standards warrant more stringent controls given 5G signaling characteristics, and no current standards take wildlife into consideration. Numerous studies indicate low-level EMF exposures have adverse effects on orientation, migration, reproduction, and other behaviors, and cyto- and geno-toxic effects have long been observed.

The Time-Dependence of Three Different Modes of ELF-EMF Stimulation on LTP at Schaffer Collateral-CA1 Synapses

Unknown authors · 2021

Researchers exposed hippocampal slices from Sprague-Dawley rats to 15 Hz/2 mT ELF-EMF in three modes (sinusoidal, single-frequency pulse, and rhythm pulse) for durations of 10, 20, 40, and 60 seconds. LTP was induced with 100 Hz high-frequency stimulation and measured via fEPSP recordings for 60 minutes using multi-electrode arrays after a 20-minute baseline. Compared to controls, all three ELF-EMF modes decreased LTP, and the inhibition increased with longer exposure durations. The continuous sinusoidal field produced the largest inhibitory effect, while the pulsed and rhythm-pulsed fields had similar effects.

Short-Term Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Field Inhibits Synaptic Plasticity of Schaffer Collateral-CA1 Synapses in Rat Hippocampus via the Ca 2+ /Calcineurin Pathway

Xia P, Zheng Y, Dong L, Tian C · 2021

Researchers investigated the effect of sinusoidal ELF-EMF on HeLa, ES-2, and DU-145 cancer cells. The exposure used a 50 Hz field at 1.3 mT for 15 and 30 minutes. ELF-EMF treatment raised reactive oxygen species levels in the cells. ES-2 cells showed upregulation of XRCC5 and increased TNF-α, RAD51, APE1, XRCC1, and NSUN2, while DU-145 cells had decreased BCL-2, HSP90, RAD51, and TNF-α and increased VIM and METTL3.

Static magnetic field induces abnormality of glucose metabolism in rats' brain and results in anxiety-like behavior

Shuo T et al. · 2021

Fifty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (control, low-intensity, moderate-intensity, and high-intensity) and exposed to static magnetic fields of 50 m T, 100 m T, and 200 m T for 1 hour per day over 15 consecutive days. Micro-PET imaging showed that moderate-intensity static magnetic fields could cause fluctuant changes in brain glucose metabolism that were intensity dependent. Western blot analysis detected the expression of HK1 and PFK1, and both enzymes significantly decreased after exposure. Open field testing revealed significant reductions in total distance, surrounding distance, activity time, and climbing and standing times. Brain histology after 15 exposures showed neuronal pyknosis, edema, and slight widening of the perivascular space.

The effects of pulsed electromagnetic field on experimentally induced sciatic nerve injury in rats

Unknown authors · 2021

Up-regulation of miR-144 and miR-375 in the human gastric cancer cell line following the exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields

Unknown authors · 2021

Near-Null Magnetic Field Suppresses Fruit Growth in Arabidopsis

Xu C, Feng S, Yu Y, Zhang Y, Wei S · 2021

Researchers grew wild-type Arabidopsis and cry1/cry2 double mutants in a near-null magnetic field under blue light to test the role of cryptochrome in fruit growth. Fruit growth was suppressed in wild-type plants but not in the cry1/cry2 mutants under the near-null magnetic field. Gibberellin levels (GA4, GA9, GA34, GA51) were significantly lower in wild-type fruits under near-null magnetic field compared to geomagnetic controls, but unchanged in mutants. Expression of GA20ox and GA3ox genes was downregulated in wild-type fruits but not in mutants, while GA2ox and GA signaling genes were unaffected.

Effects of Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy at Different Frequencies on Bone Mass and Microarchitecture in Osteoporotic Mice

Unknown authors · 2021

Exposure to 50 Hz Extremely-Low-Frequency Magnetic Fields Induces No DNA Damage in Cells by Gamma H2AX Technology

Lv Y, Chen S, Zhu B, Xu H, Xu S, Liu W, Shen Y, Zeng Q · 2021

Human amnion epithelial cells (FLs), human skin fibroblast cells (HSFs), and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were exposed to 50 Hz ELF-MF at 0.4, 1, and 2 mT for 15 min, 1 h, and 24 h, respectively. After exposure, cells were subjected to γ H2AX immunofluorescence and western blot. The results showed no significant difference in the average number of foci per cell, the percentage of γ H2AX foci-positive cells, or the expression of γ H2AX between the sham and 50 Hz ELF-MF exposure groups ( P > 0.05).

Thymidine decreases the DNA damage and apoptosis caused by tumor-treating fields in cancer cell lines

Jeong H, Jo Y, Yoon M, Hong S · 2021

Researchers exposed human glioblastoma cells and normal HaCaT cells to tumor-treating fields at 120 kHz and 1.2 V/cm after arresting the cell cycle with thymidine. In contrast, thymidine-treated cells did not show changes in colony formation, apoptosis, DNA damage, or gene expression.