Amoako JK, Fletcher JJ, Darko EO. · 2009
Researchers surveyed radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation at public access points near cellular phone base stations operated by the Ghana Telecommunications Company. Measurements were made using a hand-held spectrum analyser to determine electric field levels within the 900 and 1800 MHz frequency bands. Power densities at public access points ranged from 0.01 to 10 microW m(-2) at 900 MHz, and from 0.01 to 100 microW m(-2) at 1800 MHz. The results were within international guidance levels but were 20 times higher than results generally obtained for such a practice elsewhere.
Sharifian A, Gharavi M, Pasalar P, Aminian O · 2009
Researchers measured antioxidant markers in 46 spot welders occupationally exposed to extremely low frequency magnetic fields and compared results with a non-exposed control group. In the red blood cells of exposed workers, SOD activity decreased by 22% and GPX activity decreased by 12.3%, both statistically significant. Total serum antioxidant status showed no significant difference between the two groups. The researchers concluded that ELF-MF could influence red blood cell antioxidant activity and might act as an oxidative stressor.
Henrykowska G et al. · 2009
Researchers exposed human blood platelet suspensions for 15 minutes to a 50 Hz magnetic field of different shapes at a flux density of 10 mT. The study measured catalase and superoxide dismutase activity, malondialdehyde concentration, and free radical generation in human blood platelets. Free radicals, malondialdehyde, and catalase all showed increased values compared with the initial level regardless of field shape, while superoxide dismutase activity was lower than at the onset of the experiment.
Ciejka EB, Goraca A · 2009
The study tested whether a time-variable magnetic field affects heart rate and plasma antioxidant capacity. Tests were performed on Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to the magnetic field at a frequency of 40 Hz and induction of 7 mT for 30 and 60 minutes. A significant decrease of the heart rate was observed after 14 days of exposure. Exposure at 60 minutes for 14 days caused a significant decrease of the organism antioxidant defence.
Cvetkovic D, Cosic I. · 2009
Researchers tested whether a series of extremely low frequency magnetic field exposures at 50, 16.66, 13, 10, 8.33, and 4 Hz could alter relative power within corresponding brainwave bands. Thirty-three human subjects were tested under double-blind and counter-balanced conditions. Narrow alpha1 and alpha2 bands were significantly lower than control over temporal and parietal regions during the first exposure session, then significantly higher than control during the second session. The beta1 band showed a significant increase from before to after the 13 Hz first exposure session at the frontal region.
Coşkun S, Balabanli B, Canseven A, Seyhan N. · 2009
Researchers exposed adult guinea pigs to a continuous and intermittent 50 Hz, 1.5 mT magnetic field for 4 hours per day for 4 days. Intermittent magnetic field exposure was effective on plasma lipid peroxidation, while continuous magnetic field exposure was effective on plasma MPO activity and NO levels. Augmentation of lipid peroxidation was observed in liver tissue under both intermittent and continuous magnetic field exposures.
Cook CM, Saucier DM, Thomas AW, Prato FS. · 2009
Researchers exposed 32 human subjects to two different pulsed magnetic field sequences that differed in presentation rate, to examine effects on the alpha frequency of the human EEG. Alpha activity was lowered over occipital-parietal regions during Sequence 1 exposure, while alpha activity over the same regions was higher after Sequence 2 exposure. These effects occurred after approximately 5 minutes of pulsed magnetic field exposure.
Wiholm C et al. · 2009
Researchers studied the effects of a 2 1/2 h RF exposure at 884 MHz on spatial memory and learning using a double-blind repeated measures design. The exposure was designed to mimic that experienced during a real-life mobile phone conversation, with an average peak spatial specific absorption rate of 1.4 W/kg. Results showed a significant RF exposure by group effect on distance traveled during the trials, with the symptomatic group improving their performance during RF exposure while there was no such effect in the non-symptomatic group.
Söderqvist F, Carlberg M, Hansson Mild K, Hardell L · 2009
Researchers exposed 41 volunteers to a 30 min GSM 890 MHz signal at an average specific energy absorption rate distribution of 1.0 W/kg in the temporal area of the head. S100B showed no statistically significant increase, while transthyretin showed a statistically significant increase in the final blood sample 60 min after the end of the provocation compared to the sample taken immediately after provocation (p = 0.02). The researchers noted that the clinical significance of this finding, if any, is unknown.
Sirav B, Seyhan N · 2009
Researchers investigated the effects of 900 and 1,800 MHz continuous-wave radio frequency radiation on blood-brain barrier permeability in rats. Twenty minutes of exposure at both frequencies increased blood-brain barrier permeability in male rats, while female rats showed no change. The researchers noted that the scientific evidence on radio frequency radiation safety or harm remains inconclusive.
Nittby H et al. · 2009
Rats were exposed in TEM-cells for 2 hours at non-thermal specific absorption rates of 0, 0.12, 1.2, 12, and 120 mW/kg, and albumin extravasation over the blood-brain barrier, neuronal albumin uptake, and neuronal damage were assessed. Albumin extravasation was enhanced in the mobile phone exposed rats compared to sham controls after a 7-day recovery period, with a significant result at the SAR value of 12 mW/kg. There was a low but significant correlation between the exposure level and the occurrence of focal albumin extravasation.
Luukkonen J et al. · 2009
Researchers exposed human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells to 872 MHz radiofrequency radiation at 5 W/kg for 1 hour, combined with menadione, a chemical that induces intracellular ROS production and DNA damage. Continuous-wave RF radiation increased DNA breakage compared to cells exposed only to menadione, and ROS levels were higher at 30 and 60 minutes after exposure ended. No effects of the GSM signal were seen on either ROS production or DNA damage.
De Iuliis GN, Newey RJ, King BV, Aitken RJ. · 2009
Researchers exposed purified human spermatozoa in vitro to radio-frequency electromagnetic radiation tuned to 1.8 GHz across a range of specific absorption rates from 0.4 W/kg to 27.5 W/kg. As the SAR increased, sperm motility and vitality were significantly reduced, while mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation and DNA fragmentation were significantly elevated (P<0.001). The researchers also observed highly significant relationships between SAR, the oxidative DNA damage biomarker 8-OH-dG, and DNA fragmentation after exposure.
Jonathan A. Drezner et al. · 2008
Researchers identified exercise-related sudden death events in young individuals through a systematic search of public media reports from January 1, 2000, through December 31, 2006. Over 7 years, 486 total cases of exercise-related SCA were identified in U.S. youth, with an average of 69 cases per year (range 48-96). Overall survival during this time period was 11% (55/486), with a range of 4% to 21% survival per year, and there was a statistically significant trend toward improved survival in recent years (P = .035). Females were more likely to survive sudden cardiac arrest than were males (21% vs 9%, P = .001).
Unknown authors · 2008
Researchers applied continuous-wave 0.1 THz radiation at 0.031 mW/ cm(2) to dividing lymphocytes for 1, 2, and 24 hours and measured chromosome number changes and centromere replication timing using FISH. Chromosomes 11 and 17 showed about a 30% increase in aneuploidy after 2 and 24 hours, while chromosomes 1 and 10 were unaffected. The asynchronous replication mode of centromeres 11, 17, and 1 changed by 40% after 2 hours, and all four centromeres changed by 50% after 24 hours.
Unknown authors · 2008
The author develops a hypothesis that naturally occurring magnetic nanoparticles could mediate EMF-induced DNA damage, which could increase the risk of childhood leukaemia. Physics calculations estimate that a magnetic nanoparticle within a cell generates a field of about 1-200 millitesla, far exceeding the geomagnetic field. The proposed mechanism suggests that weak alternating magnetic fields of the order of 0.4 muT could increase leukaemia rates via millitesla fields around superparamagnetic nanoparticles in hematopoietic stem cells.
Unknown authors · 2008
Fifteen subjectively electrosensitive patients and 15 age- and gender-matched healthy controls were exposed to sham mobile phone radiation and heat as a control condition. During anticipation of and exposure to sham mobile phone radiation, the electrosensitive group showed increased activations in the anterior cingulate and insular cortex as well as fusiform gyrus compared to controls. Heat stimulation led to similar activations in both groups.
Unknown authors · 2008
Researchers measured magnetic fields in 30 buildings in three Finnish cities, comparing apartments above transformer stations with first-floor and upper-floor reference apartments. Spot measurements showed mean magnetic fields of 0.62 µT above transformer stations, 0.21 µT on first floors, and 0.11 µT on upper floors. Twenty-four-hour mean fields were 0.2 µT or higher in 97% of apartments above transformer stations, 25% of first-floor apartments, and 10% of upper-floor apartments. At a 0.4 µT cut-off, 63% of apartments above transformer stations, 14% of first-floor apartments, and 3.3% of upper-floor apartments exceeded the threshold. The authors concluded that transformer station location can reliably classify apartments into high and low magnetic field categories.
Unknown authors · 2008
Sixteen teachers developed 18 cancers, yielding an observed-to-expected risk ratio of 2.78 for all cancers. Risk ratios were especially high for malignant melanoma (9.8), thyroid cancer (13.3), and uterine cancer (9.2). Sixty Hertz magnetic fields showed no association with cancer, while high frequency voltage transients showed a positive correlation.
Unknown authors · 2008
Researchers measured 50 Hz magnetic fields in 31 apartment buildings with built-in transformer stations. In each building they selected three apartments: one above the transformer room, one on the same floor, and one on a higher floor. The mean magnetic field was 0.98 microT above transformers, 0.13 microT on the same floor, and 0.1 microT on higher floors. At a 0.2 microT threshold, 97% of apartments above transformers exceeded it versus 14% on the same floor and 13% on higher floors. At 0.4 microT, 81% of apartments above transformers exceeded it while none on other floors did.
Unknown authors · 2008
Researchers examined natural killer activity in 52 workers exposed to different levels of extremely low frequency magnetic fields. Individual exposure was monitored over three work shifts using personal dosimeters and expressed as time-weighted averages. Workers were split into low-exposed (TWA ≤0.2 microT) and higher-exposed (TWA >0.2 microT) groups, with a subgroup of highest-exposed (TWA >1 microT). The higher-exposed group showed a non-significant trend toward reduced NK activity, but the highest-exposed subgroup had a significant reduction in NK activity at multiple effector-to-target ratios and in lytic units. Multivariate analysis confirmed a significant negative correlation between exposure level and lytic units, with no correlation to other personal characteristics.
Unknown authors · 2008
Unknown authors · 2008
A case-only study was conducted in 123 patients with sporadic acute leukemia. Distances from homes to electric transformers and power lines were measured. An interaction was found between the XRCC1 Ex9+16A allele and electric transformers and power lines within 100 m (COR=4.31). A similar interaction was observed within 50 m (COR=4.39). The authors suggest a possible association between these installations and the allele in childhood acute leukemia.
Unknown authors · 2008
Researchers conducted a case-control study in West Germany examining childhood leukemia and radiofrequency electromagnetic fields from TV and radio broadcast transmitters. Individual exposure to RF-EMFs one year before diagnosis was estimated with a field strength prediction program. Comparing high and low exposure quantiles, the odds ratio for all leukemia types was 0.86 (95% CI: 0.67, 1.11). No increased risks were found for amplitude-modulated or frequency-modulated transmitters separately, or for children living within 2 km of a transmitter.
Unknown authors · 2008
In open provocation the sensitive group reacted to both GSM and UMTS signals (p < 0.0025). In double-blind tests the sensitive group reacted to UMTS. The sensitive group also showed a large, statistically significant increase in skin conductance (p < 0.001). The study required 66 individuals per group for a power 0.90 but only 44 sensitive individuals were tested, reducing power to about 0.7.
