Browse 6,486 peer-reviewed studies on electromagnetic field health effects from 4 research libraries.
Showing 1,319 studies (Rodent Studies)
Unknown authors · 2022
Researchers evaluated the effect of ELF-MFs on sleep induction in male rats using behavioral tests and oxalate acid density measurements. The results showed that the activity of rats and oxalate acid concentration reduced after ELF-MF exposure. Reduction of velocity and frequency in the open-field test was attributed to sleepiness.
Unknown authors · 2022
Researchers exposed pregnant rats and their pups to EMF for 4 hours a day, 5 days a week, from the first day of pregnancy to postnatal day 42, with some groups also receiving zinc. EMF exposure significantly lowered SHANK3 and NLGN3 protein levels in the hippocampus and amygdala. Behavioural tests found no effect on social behaviour but increased anxiety and reduced activity and exploration. Zinc supplementation had a partially positive effect on female offspring but not on males. Zinc did not restore the reduced protein levels.
Unknown authors · 2022
Researchers investigated the effects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field exposure during gestational and lactational periods on immune system parameters in offspring. Significant changes were found in white blood cell and lymphocyte counts. CD4+ T cells were significantly increased in female offspring exposed to ELF-EMF, while other lymphocyte subpopulations did not change. IL-17A and IFN-γ levels increased in plasma and spleen, but IL-4 levels and IL-4 gene expression were unchanged. IL-17A gene expression was upregulated in the spleen.
Unknown authors · 2022
Researchers randomly assigned pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats to a control group or a 900-MHz EMF exposure group, with the EMF group exposed daily until birth. Newborn rats were sacrificed by anesthesia on days 7, 10, 15, and 30. Structural damage in cochlear nuclear neurons and oligodendrocytes and increased caspase-3 activity were observed in the EMF groups compared to controls. However, no significant difference was found between groups in structural damage or caspase-3 activity across postnatal stages, and auditory brainstem response latencies did not differ. The authors concluded that prenatal 900-MHz EMF exposure has no harmful effects on ventral cochlear nucleus development.
Unknown authors · 2022
Rats were exposed to 900 MHz RFR at 2 h/day, 5 days/week for 1 week (acute) or 10 weeks (chronic). The study measured histopathology, PCNA, Bcl-xL, cleaved caspase-3, p-JNK, p-p38, and TUNEL in testis tissue. No histopathological differences or PCNA changes were observed between sham and RFR groups in either period. Cleaved caspase-3 and Bcl-xL showed period-dependent alterations, TUNEL-positive cells increased significantly only after acute exposure, and both p-p38 and p-JNK protein expressions increased significantly in both acute and chronic RFR groups.
Unknown authors · 2022
Unknown authors · 2022
Tan B, Tan FC, Yalcin B, Dasdag S, Yegin K, Yay AH · 2022
The study created four groups (sham, irradiated female, irradiated male, and irradiated male and female) with one male and three females each. The irradiated groups were whole-body exposed to 2450 MHz continuous wave radiofrequency radiation for 12 hours per day across four generations. The researchers examined fetal brain development, histopathological changes in female rats, and hippocampal MAPK protein levels in male rats. In exposed groups, hemorrhagic areas, irregular cellular localization, and vascular structures were observed in the brains of fetal and adult female rats across all generations. In adult male rats, phosphorylated ERK, tau, JNK, and p38 were significantly increased in the brain across all generations.
Unknown authors · 2022
Researchers exposed rats to 1800 MHz LTE electromagnetic fields for 2 hours under acute neuroinflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide. The mean specific absorption rate in the auditory cortex was 0.5 W/kg. Exposure reduced neuronal response strength to pure tones and natural vocalizations and increased acoustic thresholds at low and medium frequencies, while microglial coverage did not change. In healthy rats without neuroinflammation, the same exposure did not alter response strength or acoustic thresholds.
Unknown authors · 2022
The study performed global proteome profiling of rat hippocampus exposed to mobile phone radiation for 20 weeks, 3 hours per day, 5 days per week. They identified 358 hippocampus proteins, of which 16 were deregulated with log2 fold change ≥ ±1.0 and p-value <.05. Four proteins (Aldh5a1, Atp1b2, PMCA, S100B) representing each pathway were validated by western blot in an independent sample set, confirming the mass spectrometry results. The researchers concluded that mobile phone radiation exposure deregulates the hippocampus proteome, which might influence healthy brain functioning.
Unknown authors · 2022
Fifty male Wistar rats were exposed for 2, 24, and 72 hours to Wi-Fi only, technetium-99m only, or both simultaneously. Wi-Fi power density was 4.2 nW/cm² at 15 cm, and 100 μCi of technetium-99m was injected intraperitoneally. Gamma-H2AX foci per nucleus were counted by flow cytometry, and a significant difference among groups appeared at 72 hours.
Unknown authors · 2022
Researchers continuously exposed pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats and their offspring to 900 MHz GSM-modulated RF-EMR for 24 hours per day and assessed liver oxidative stress at postnatal days 1, 9, and 21. Exposure significantly raised MDA levels at PND9 and PND21, lowered catalase activity at all ages, reduced catalase amount and mRNA at PND1 and PND9, and decreased GPx activity at PND21. CytoSOD levels increased at PND9 and 21 while mitoSOD levels decreased at PND21, and both GPx level and mitoSOD activity were elevated at all ages. SOD1 mRNA expression rose at PND1 but fell at PND9 and 21, whereas GPx1 expression was consistently reduced in the exposed group.
Unknown authors · 2022
The study used 24 adult male Swiss-Albino mice divided into Four groups of 6. The radiofrequency and adaptive response groups were exposed to a 900 MHz GSM signal at 0.339 W/kg for 4 h/day over 7 days. After the final exposure, bleomycin was injected intraperitoneally at 37.5 mg/kg and the mice were sacrificed 30 minutes later. Oxidative damage and antioxidant mechanisms were examined in blood, DNA-repair gene expression was measured in liver, and apoptosis was assessed in liver using the TUNEL method. The adaptive response group showed increased ROS and p53 and OGG-1 expression, decreased SOD, CAT and TAC levels, and reduced apoptosis.
Bektas H, Algul S, Altindag F, Yegin K, Akdag Z, Dasdag S · 2022
Unknown authors · 2021
Both ELF-EMFs and microampere currents significantly reduced long-term potentiation. The effect of 0.1 μA current was similar to 100 Hz/2 mT ELF-EMFs, while 0.2 μA current had a stronger effect than 200 Hz/2 mT ELF-EMFs on high-frequency stimulation LTP.
Unknown authors · 2021
Unknown authors · 2021
Unknown authors · 2021
Researchers isolated spermatogonial stem cells and Sertoli cells from neonate mouse testes. The stem cells were exposed to 50 Hz electromagnetic fields at 2.5 mT for one hour daily over five days and then treated with exosomes from pre-pubertal Sertoli cells. Electromagnetic field exposure increased reactive oxygen species, reduced catalase expression, cell viability, and colonization, and increased apoptosis and Caspase-3 expression while decreasing GFRα1 expression. Sertoli-derived exosomes significantly improved these adverse effects by regulating oxidative stress.
Khoshbakht S et al. · 2021
Twenty-four male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: CONT (control), EM group (2100 MHZ), EM/SE group (2100 MHZ + selenium (0.2 mg/kg)), and SE group (selenium 0.2 mg/kg). EMF exposure significantly reduced serum LH, FSH, GnRH, testosterone, sperm count, germinal epithelium thickness, and seminiferous tubule diameter, while increasing serum leptin, sperm abnormality, aromatase, apoptotic cells, and leptin receptor. Selenium co-administration increased sperm count, germinal epithelium thickness, seminiferous diameters, and hormone levels, and decreased sperm abnormality, leptin receptor, and apoptotic cells compared with EMF alone.
Unknown authors · 2021
Unknown authors · 2021
The study examined the effects of cellular radiation on male and female mice, assessing anxiety, spatial memory, and general well-being. Radiation alone did not significantly change anxiety levels or spatial/visual memory. In mice with mild traumatic brain injury, radiation improved visual memory in both sexes but worsened spatial memory in females.
Unknown authors · 2021
Researchers exposed female mice to 20 kHz, 360 μT magnetic fields or sham continuously from 3 months of age in a blind design. Body mass development and survival rates did not differ between groups. Tumor incidence rates also showed no significant differences. The 8-arm maze test revealed no significant differences, but exposed mice had longer retention times on the Rotarod test. In the open field test, exposed mice had significantly fewer supported rears.
Unknown authors · 2021
The study found that exposure to RFID signals at a specific absorption rate of 2 W/kg is sufficient to alter serotonin metabolism in rats. This effect occurred regardless of whether the exposure level was considered biohazardous.
Delen K et al. · 2021
Unknown authors · 2021
Researchers investigated the effects of mobile phone electromagnetic waves on hippocampal expression of two apoptotic genes in male BALB/c mice. Mice were exposed to electromagnetic waves for 0.5, 1, 2, or 4 hours twice daily for 30 days, with an additional group receiving 4 hours once daily and a control group receiving no radiation. The study found that mobile phone radiation can cause considerable changes in the balance of Bax/Bcl2 mRNA expression in the mouse hippocampus.