Olchowik G · 2001
The study examined the mutual action of hydrocortisone and low intensity microwave radiation on rat bone tissue. Low-intensity microwave radiation had a stimulating effect on bone tissue regeneration in rats. During long-term hydrocortisone application, microwave radiation may act as a protective factor for bone tissue. Bone density and ultrasound velocity were measured to evaluate the Young's modulus of the femur.
LeeTMC, HoSMY, Tsang LYH, Yang SYC, LiLSW, ChanCCH · 2001
The study examined the effect of mobile phone electromagnetic fields on human attention. Three attention measures were administered to 72 teenagers, 37 of whom were mobile phone users. Mobile phone users performed better on one of the three attention measures than non-users. The researchers suggested a mild facilitating effect on attention functions.
Lebedeva NN et al. · 2001
Lalic H, Lekic A, Radosevic-Stasic B. · 2001
Researchers investigated genotoxic effects of occupational exposure to ionizing and non-ionizing radiation in 25 hospital workers and 20 radio-relay station workers using chromosome aberration analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes. Total chromosome aberrations were almost equally higher in both exposed groups compared to unexposed controls. Acentric fragments were the most frequent aberration and were significantly higher in both exposed groups than in controls. Dicentric fragments were also elevated in both exposed groups, while chromatid breaks increased only after ionizing radiation.
Dabrowski MP, Stankiewicz W, Sobiczewska E, Szmigielski S. · 2001
The study aimed to investigate immunotropic effects of electromagnetic fields in the radio- and microwave frequency range. The authors based their presentation on reviewed literature and their own experiments. They concluded that more systematic and multidisciplinary investigations should be undertaken covering the wide spectrum of immune homeostatic tasks.
Hocking B. · 2001
The article aims to inform professionals about possible health effects from RFR overexposure and the clinical approach to cases. It provides a clinical approach integrating patient symptoms and exposure circumstances. Emergency treatment and ongoing care are outlined along with sources of expert advice.
Hocking B · 2001
The paper describes early reports of microwave sickness from Eastern Europe and notes Western scepticism about them. It also considers recent reports by Western specialists and a possible neurological basis for the condition. The paper concludes that microwave sickness is a medical entity that should be recognized as a possible risk for radiofrequency radiation workers.
Hardell L, Hansson Mild K, Pahlson A, Hallquist A · 2001
Researchers conducted a case-control study of 233 patients aged 20-80 with histopathologically verified brain tumours, using two matched controls per case from the Swedish Population Register. Workers in the chemical industry had an odds ratio of 4.10 (95% CI 1.25-13.4) and laboratory workers an odds ratio of 3.21 (95% CI 1.16-8.85). Radiotherapy of the head and neck region gave an odds ratio of 3.61 (95% CI 0.65-19.9), medical diagnostic X-ray of the same area yielded an odds ratio of 1.64 (95% CI 1.04-2.58), and work as a physician gave an odds ratio of 6.00 (95% CI 0.62-57.7). Ipsilateral cellular telephone use increased the risk of tumours in the temporal, temporoparietal, and occipital areas with an odds ratio of 2.42 (95% CI 0.97-6.05).
Geller L, Thuroczy G, Merkely B. · 2001
Researchers examined electromagnetic compatibility of cellular phones and pacemakers in four phone systems and fifteen pacemaker types, both in vitro and in vivo in humans. They performed more than 1100 in-vitro and 130 in-vivo tests. No electromagnetic compatibility disturbance was observed with GSM and DCS 1800 MHz phones, while the highest problem rate occurred with NMT 450 MHz phones at 10.5% to 63%.
Fabbro-Peray P, Daures JP, Rossi JF. · 2001
Researchers performed a population-based case-control study in Languedoc-Roussillon, southern France, from 1992 to 1996, enrolling four hundred and forty-five NHL cases and one thousand and twenty-five population controls. Multivariate analysis identified significantly increased odds for previous hematopoietic malignancy, history of hives, benzene exposure exceeding 810 days, daily welding, and radio operator activity. Agricultural professionals showed a slight, non-significant elevation in odds compared with non-professionals. All results were adjusted for age, gender, education level, and urban setting.
Devyatkov ND, Pletnyov SD, Betskii OV, Faikin VV · 2001
The article presents experimental investigations of the inhibitory effect of low-energy and high-peak-power nanosecond microwave pulses on malignant tumor growth. The authors concluded that these microwave pulses can serve as a promising means for treating malignant diseases.
Chiladakis JA, Davlouros P, Agelopoulos G, Manolis AS. · 2001
Researchers tested cellular telephones with different power outputs in transmitting and receiving modes in 36 patients with transvenous implantable cardioverter defibrillators from Medtronic and Guidant/CPI during spontaneous cardiac activity and continuous VVI or DDD pacing. There was no damage, reprogramming, inappropriate shock therapy, or pacing inhibition, and digital cellular telephones did not represent a risk to recipients of the specific implantable defibrillator models tested. In seven pre-pectoral Medtronic devices, transient electromagnetic interference caused 19 erroneous sensing events when the phone was held near the programmer head, but these pseudo-oversensing events did not result in logging of arrhythmia episodes.
Cheever KL et al. · 2001
Researchers exposed pregnant rats to 10 MHz radiofrequency radiation and measured metabolism and distribution of 2-methoxyethanol and its metabolite methoxyacetic acid. Radiofrequency exposure reduced total body clearance of radiolabeled 2-methoxyethanol but did not change methoxyacetic acid levels in serum, embryos, or extraembryonic fluid. Protein adduct formation in embryos did not differ in a way that would explain the reported synergy between radiofrequency radiation and 2-methoxyethanol.
Bastide M, Youbibier-Simoa BJ, Lebecq JC, Giaimis J. · 2001
Researchers investigated continuous exposure of chick embryos and young chickens to EMFs from video display units and GSM cell phone radiation, including radiation attenuated by copper gauze. Permanent exposure to VDU EMFs was associated with significantly increased fetal loss (47-68%) and markedly depressed levels of circulating specific antibodies (lgG), corticosterone and melatonin. Under chronic exposure, GSM cell phone radiation was harmful to chick embryos, stressful for healthy mice, and synergistic with cancer by depleting stress hormones in mice. The same pathological results occurred after substantial reduction of microwaves by copper gauze attenuation.
Anglesio L et al. · 2001
Radiofrequency field monitoring was carried out in Torino, Italy, to evaluate how electromagnetic field strength varies with height, location, and frequency. The study separated contributions from broadcasting antennas and mobile phone base stations. Theoretical evaluation added emissions from all base station installations in Torino and examined calculated field strength maps considering orography at different heights. Theoretical values were compared with measured values in the mobile telephony frequency range.
Paredi P, Kharitonov SA, Hanazawa T, Barnes PJ · 2001
Researchers exposed eleven healthy adults to a 900 MHz mobile phone for 30 minutes and measured skin temperature, nasal nitric oxide, and nasal minimal cross-sectional area. On the side of the phone, skin temperature rose significantly by 2.3°C at 6 minutes, nasal nitric oxide tended to increase by 12.9% at 10 minutes, and minimal cross-sectional area decreased by 27% at 15 minutes. These changes were absent when an earpiece was used, and the opposite side showed no temperature or nitric oxide change but a 38% increase in minimal cross-sectional area.
Moustafa YM, Moustafa RM, Belacy A, Abou-El-Ela SH, Ali FM. · 2001
Researchers investigated the effect of acute exposure to radiofrequency fields from commercially available cellular phones on oxidative stress parameters in 12 healthy adult male volunteers. Each volunteer placed the phone in his pocket in standby position with the keypad facing the body. The parameters measured were lipid peroxide and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), total glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase. Plasma lipid peroxide increased significantly after 1, 2, and 4 hours of exposure. SOD and GSH-Px activities in erythrocytes showed significant reduction, while catalase activity did not decrease significantly.
Ye J, Yao K, Lu D, Wu R, Jiang H. · 2001
Researchers exposed one eye of each rabbit to 5 mW/cm2 or 10 mW/cm2 microwave radiation for 3 hours, using the contralateral eye as a control. They used Annexin V-propidium iodide two-color flow cytometry to detect early changes in lens epithelial cells. At 5 mW/cm2, many lens epithelial cells were in the initial phase of apoptosis. At 10 mW/cm2, a large number of cells became secondary necrotic cells and severe damage was observed.
Yang R, Chen J, Deng Z, Liu X, · 2001
Researchers cultured pig retinal ganglion cells in vitro, added vitamin E at different concentrations, and exposed them to 2450 MHz microwave radiation at 30 mW/cm² for 1 hour. Microwave exposure caused cell congregation, axon disappearance, mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum swelling, and apoptosis. Vitamin E groups showed no obvious changes under optical microscope, though electron microscopy revealed light mitochondria swelling with intact cristae. The researchers concluded that microwave induced morphological damage and vitamin E reduced this damage to some extent.
Tattersall JE et al. · 2001
Radicheva N, Mileva K, Georgieva B, Kristev I · 2001
Researchers exposed isolated frog muscle fibers to continuous 2.45 GHz microwave radiation at 20 mW/cm² for one hour. Repetitive stimulation at 200 ms intervals evoked intracellular action potentials and twitch contractions. The twitch amplitude curve showed a drastic fall in the first 5 seconds followed by an increase and then a decrease. After microwave exposure, the changes in amplitude and time parameters that characterize fatigue were attenuated and delayed compared to controls. The authors concluded that microwaves have a specific non-thermal influence causing some resistance to fatigue.
Pashovkina MS, Akoev IG · 2001
Researchers exposed donor blood to pulse-modulated microwaves at 2375 MHz with intensities of 2 microW/cm2 and 8 microW/cm2, pulse modulation from 50 to 390 Hz, for 5 minutes. Aspartate aminotransferase activity was strongly dependent on both modulation frequency and microwave intensity. Maximum activity was found at 390 Hz and 8 microW/cm2, reaching about six times the control level.
Pashovkina MS, Akoev IG · 2001
Researchers exposed samples to pulse-modulated electromagnetic radiation at 2375 MHz with intensities of 0.8, 8.0, and 40.0 microW/cm2, modulation range 30-310 Hz, for 1-3 minutes. They observed a change in alkaline phosphotase activity in vitro.
Palfia Z, Somosy Z, Rez G · 2001
Researchers evaluated murine jejunal epithelial tight junctions after whole-body X-ray and microwave exposure using freeze fracture replicas. X-ray treatment at 4 Gy caused partial dearrangement of the ZO strand network that only partially regenerated by 24 hours. Microwave treatment at 16 Hz-modulated 2.45 GHz and 1 mW/cm2 for 1 hour did not cause dearrangement but increased integration of the tight junctional structure. The microwave effect agreed with an increase in cytochemically detectable ZO-bound calcium.
Novoselova EG, Ogai VB, Sorokina OV, Novikov VV, Fesenko EE · 2001
Researchers studied the effect of fractionated low-intensity microwave exposure and a combined weak magnetic field on tumor necrosis factor production in macrophages of mice with experimental solid tumors. Exposure to both microwaves and magnetic field enhanced the adaptive response, with higher tumor necrosis factor production in peritoneal macrophages of exposed tumor-bearing mice compared to unexposed mice.
