6,486 Studies Reviewed. 85.2% of Original Studies Found Biological Effects. The Evidence is Clear.

EMF Research Studies

Browse 6,486 peer-reviewed studies on electromagnetic field health effects from 4 research libraries.

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ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION EFFECTS ON THE BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER SYSTEM OF RATS

Kenneth J. Oscar, T. Daryl Hawkins

Permeability increases were also seen for inulin but not for dextran, and the effect was present immediately and at 4 hours but not at 24 hours after exposure. The magnitude of permeability change depended on microwave modulation, with differences between pulsed and continuous-wave exposures at the same average power density and between different pulse characteristics.

О влиянии электрического поля ультравысокой частоты на окислительные процессы в изолированных клетках

Р. В. Братковский

Brilliant successes in radio engineering revealed ultra-high frequency electric fields as new acting biological factors. The effect of this field on biological structures began relatively recently. However, the accumulated experimental and clinical material proved extensive, diverse, though fragmented.

MEASURED MODULATION WAVEFORM OF LEAKAGE RADIATION FROM MICROWAVE OVENS

Unknown authors

Researchers measured amplitude-modulated leakage waveforms from 2450 MHz and 915 MHz microwave ovens using a miniature 3-D probe with microwave-diode detector chips. The ovens were made to leak radiation by inserting teflon strips between door seals, and detected envelopes were recorded on analog tape, played back faster, and plotted on an XY recorder. Both ovens' leakage radiation was essentially 100% modulated with large fluctuations. Both modulation spectra contained frequencies within the 3-30 Hz range where biological effects of modulated RF radiation have been reported.

Whole Body / General
Not an original health-effects study

ELECTROMAGNETIC ABSORPTION IN A MULTILAYERED MODEL OF MAN

Peter W. Barber et al.

Researchers used a multilayered planar model to examine how surface layers such as skin, fat, and muscle affect whole-body power absorption. They found that the layering resonance for three-dimensional bodies can be predicted accurately by a planar model. Applying this method to a prolate spheroidal model of man predicted a whole-body layering resonance at 1.8 GHz with 34 percent higher absorption than a homogeneous model, and a 24 percent reduction at 5.7 GHz.

ON TISSUE IMPEDANCE MEASUREMENT

Unknown authors

Biological tissues were immersed in a physiological solution and enclosed in a four-electrode measuring cell where an input signal was applied to current electrodes and the output signal was obtained from voltage electrodes. The unknown impedance was computed from the input and output signals, and the volume impedance of the tissue was finally obtained after deriving component values of an equivalent electrical network.

WAVEGUIDE DOSIMETRY DATA ON MICE, IN VIVO, 2.5 - 4.2 GHZ

Unknown authors

Researchers used a normalizing waveguide reflectometer with less than 1 mW output power to measure reflection, transmission, and absorption in a WR 284 waveguide for anesthetized mice weighing 5.30 to 16.32 grams and measuring 4.5 to 7.7 centimeters in length over 2.5 to 4.2 GHz. Mice were positioned centrally in the waveguide with their length parallel to the propagation direction facing the incident wave. Absorption did not appear to change for up to 5 hours after death across the frequency range. From 24 mice, resonant frequency correlated with length (f = 6.084 - 0.419l, r=0.987) and weight (f = 4.679 - 0.1266w, r=0.952). SAR values showed increased slope through resonance and normalized SARs were consistent with literature values at 2.45 GHz.

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