Arthur L. Haywood · 1960
Radio frequency energy with a power density equal to or greater than 0.01 watt per square centimeter is considered hazardous. Near-field gains were mathematically derived for rectangular, circular, and linear aperture antennas with various illumination distributions. A method of measuring power densities in the near field at given distances from a radar transmitter was presented and compared with theoretical calculations. Laboratory measurements compared favorably with theoretical predictions. Near-field antenna gain varies with the physical shape and size of the aperture, the aperture illumination, and the distance from the aperture.
Paul C. Constant et al. · 1960
Paul C. Constant Jr. et al. · 1960
W. A. Cumming · 1959
The survey covers techniques for fundamental studies of electromagnetic waves, antenna design, and antenna performance. The classifications include diffraction, scattering, transmission and reflection, current distribution, aperture fields, radiation patterns, and gain.
LT Kermit R. Meade, USCG · 1959
R. Stuart Mackay · 1959
The paper reviews electrical and radiation hazards in laboratories, including high-voltage shocks and X-ray generation from high-voltage equipment. Low-voltage hazards include severe burns from rings across battery terminals and high-voltage spikes when interrupting coil current. Radiofrequency radiation acts mainly through thermal effects, the eye is especially sensitive to cataracts, and a tolerance of 0.01 W/cm² is suggested.
John H. Heller, A. A. Teixeira-Pinto · 1959
Researchers used a pulsed radio-frequency source at 27 Mc./s. with pulses of 5 X 10-5 sec. and 80 to 180 pulses per second. Garlic root tips were exposed for 5 minutes between insulated electrodes with no temperature rise in the water. Observed chromosomal aberrations included linear shortening of chromosomes, pseudochiasmiata, amitotic division, bridging, and irregularities in the chromosomal envelope.
George H. Brown, Wendell C. Morrison · 1954
Ginsburg · 1953
Herbert Jonas · 1950
Unknown authors · 1950
Unknown authors · 1950
Researchers exposed mouse Leydig (TM3) cells to 1950 MHz RF radiation at a specific absorption rate of 3 W/kg for 24 hours. They measured cell proliferation, cell cycle distribution, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species, testosterone levels, and StAR and P450scc mRNA expression at multiple time points up to 5 days after exposure. After 24 hours of exposure, cell proliferation, testosterone secretion, and P450scc mRNA levels decreased, while apoptosis, ROS, and StAR mRNA levels did not change significantly.
Richard H. Follis, Jr. · 1946
Researchers exposed 13 male guinea pigs to radar radiation from an SCR 517-A unit at 10 cm wavelength and 45 kW peak output for three hours daily over 51 to 83 days. Histological examination of all tissues, including testes, revealed no abnormalities.
Daily LE · 1943
L. Eugene Daily · 1943
HERBERT J. JOHNSON · 1940
FRANK DICKENS, STANLEY F. EVANS, HANS WEIL-MALHERBE · 1937
BYNUM, James Arthur · 1936
Twenty-four male university students underwent a test with a 1000 MHz centimeter wave UHF field at 10 mW/cm2. The experiment used an interpolated learning paradigm with word association groups. After four days of practice memorizing nonsense syllables, subjects were divided and each received four experimental trials. One hour after original learning was complete, the total number of correctly recalled responses was measured. The study reported no significant differences between irradiated and non-irradiated groups.
C. J. BREITWIESER, JOHN SEVERY HIBBEN · 1935
William Bierman, M.D. · 1934
Researchers induced hyperpyrexia in 24 human subjects using 30 m radio waves, raising rectal temperature to 104° to 106° F. and maintaining it for 3 to 4 hours. White blood cells initially fell 25 to 30 per cent by the end of the first or second hour. By the third to fifth hour leukocyte counts rose to 80 per cent above baseline, reaching as high as 22,600, and immature forms such as myelocytes, metamyelocytes, premyelocytes, and myeloblasts appeared.
A. J. Ginsberg · 1934
W. H. Bell, D. Ferguson · 1931
Bell WH, Ferguson D · 1931
Charles M. Carpenter, Albert B. Page · 1930
Unknown authors
The report states there is virtually no scientific literature directly relating to carcinogenic effects of MW and RF radiation. The evidence comes from a WHO epidemiologic study reported by Zaret (1976) showing a possible correlation between MW-induced cardiovascular disease increase and a rise in cancer incidence. International exposure standards vary widely, from 10 mW/cm² in Western countries to 0.01 nW/cm² in the USSR and Poland, due to lack of definitive research on long-term low-level effects.
