Unknown authors · 2018
Repeated Wi-Fi studies show that Wi-Fi causes oxidative stress, sperm/testicular damage, neuropsychiatric effects including EEG changes, apoptosis, cellular DNA damage, endocrine changes, and calcium overload. Each of these effects are also caused by exposures to other microwave frequency EMFs, with each such effect being documented in from 10 to 16 reviews. The author states that voltage-gated calcium channel activation is the predominant mechanism of action for these EMF effects.
Unknown authors · 2018
Wang L, Yang J, Wang F, Zhou P, Wang K , Ming D · 2018
Researchers established a depression rat model using chronic unpredictable stress. Rats were exposed to low-frequency pulsed magnetic field at 1 Hz and 20 mT for 14 days, one hour per day. They assessed behavior with the elevated plus-maze test and recorded hippocampal local field potentials. Analysis used sample entropy, phase locked value, and phase-amplitude coupling modulation index. LFPMF significantly relieved depression-like behaviors and improved identical-frequency synchronization and theta-gamma phase-amplitude coupling.
Dong L, Zheng Y, Li ZY, Li G, Lin L · 2018
Researchers developed a novel patch-clamp setup for on-line LF-EMF stimulation. They applied magnetic fields of 0.5, 1, and 2 mT at 15, 50, and 100 Hz to study effects on synaptic plasticity. The slope of field excitatory postsynaptic potentials decreased significantly under priming on-line uninterrupted or pulsed sinusoidal LF-EMF stimulation. The study investigated whether LF-EMFs can induce long-term potentiation in male Sprague-Dawley rat hippocampal slices in vitro. Results showed that 100 Hz pulsed sinusoidal LF-EMFs acts only as a modulator, not an inducer of long-term potentiation.
Unknown authors · 2018
Unknown authors · 2018
Unknown authors · 2018
Researchers exposed human mesenchymal stromal cells to 5 Hz, 0.4 mT ELF-EMF for 20 minutes per day, three times per week for two weeks. They then assayed cell viability, proliferation rates, and chromosome breaks. The analysis showed no cytotoxicity and no chromosome breaks, indicating no genotoxicity.
Unknown authors · 2018
Unknown authors · 2018
Researchers exposed S. aureus, S. epidermidis, and P. aeruginosa to 900 and 1800 MHz electromagnetic fields for 2 hours and then measured growth rate and antibiotic susceptibility. DNA analysis showed no difference between exposed and non-exposed S. aureus and S. epidermidis. Exposure to 900 MHz significantly reduced growth of P. aeruginosa, while 1800 MHz had no significant effect. S. aureus and S. epidermidis growth was mostly unaffected except for S. aureus at 900 MHz after 12 hours. Antibiotic susceptibility was unchanged by electromagnetic fields except for S. aureus treated with amoxicillin.
Unknown authors · 2018
Researchers irradiated peripheral blood cells from five donors with a continuous wave of 900 MHz RF-EMF for 0, 30, 60 and 90 min and evaluated gene expression changes with microarray analysis. After false discovery rate adjustment, no EMF-specific gene expression response was detected. Low-stringency analysis identified 483 statistically significant deregulated transcripts, but these were regarded as statistical artefacts due to the absence of a targeted biological response, and qRT-PCR of 14 candidate transcripts showed no correlation with microarray results.
Unknown authors · 2018
Unknown authors · 2018
The study aimed to evaluate genotoxic and cellular effects of in vitro exposure of human fetal and adult fibroblasts to microwave radiation at 25 GHz. Comet assay, phosphorylation of H2AX histone, and CREST-negative micronuclei frequency excluded direct DNA damage in exposed fibroblasts. No induction of apoptosis or changes in prosurvival signalling proteins were detected. CREST analysis showed an increase in total micronuclei and centromere-positive micronuclei in exposed samples, indicating aneuploidy induction due to chromosome loss.
Unknown authors · 2018
Researchers investigated the impact of the UMTS signal on DNA stability in ten human cell lines at SAR values of 0.25 to 1.00 W/kg. No DNA damage was detected in single cell gel electrophoresis assays when cells were cultivated with serum, but serum-deprived p53-proficient U87 glioblastoma cells showed transient DNA damage and induced nucleotide excision repair without double-strand breaks, while p53-deficient U251 cells showed no effects. The authors concluded that the signal causes transient genetic instability in glioma-derived cells and activates cellular defense systems.
Unknown authors · 2018
The study was carried out on 56 men (age range: 30-60 years old)in four treatment groups with n = 14 in each group, defined as no mobile phone use, 0-30 min/day, 30-60 min/day, and more than 60 min/day. Ear canal hair follicle cells taken from the subjects were analyzed by the Comet Assay to determine DNA damages, measuring head length, tail length, comet length, percentage of head DNA, tail DNA percentage, tail moment, and Olive tail moment. Results of the study showed that DNA damage indicators were higher in the RFR exposure groups than in the control subjects, and DNA damage increased with the daily duration of exposure.
Unknown authors · 2018
Jeong YJ et al. · 2018
The aim of the study was to observe the impact of long-term RF-EMF on oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in aging brains of C57BL/6 mice. Compared with young mice, aged mice showed significantly increased protein and lipid oxidative damage markers in the brain. Aged mice also had significantly elevated markers of DNA damage, apoptosis, astrocytes, and microglia. Long-term RF-EMF exposure did not change the levels of oxidative stress, DNA damage, apoptosis, astrocyte, or microglia markers in aged mouse brains. Long-term RF-EMF exposure also did not alter locomotor activity in aged mice.
Pandey N, Giri S. · 2018
Researchers exposed Swiss albino mice to RFR for 3 hours twice daily for 35 days and gave some mice melatonin at 5 mg/kg body weight per day. RFR-exposed mice showed extensive DNA damage, arrest in pre-meiotic spermatogenesis, low sperm count, and sperm head abnormalities. Biochemical assays revealed excess free radical generation and histological changes in testis and germ cells. Melatonin supplementation diminished or abolished these effects.
Kimsa-Dudek M et al. · 2018
Researchers evaluated how simultaneous exposure to fluoride and a static magnetic field from permanent magnets affects the expression of antioxidant defense genes in human fibroblasts. They used control fibroblasts and fluoride-treated fibroblasts exposed to a static magnetic field with moderate induction, analyzing gene expression with an oligonucleotide microarray. Fluoride ions caused oxidative stress in the cells. Exposure to a static magnetic field with moderate induction normalized the expression of five antioxidant defense genes (SOD1, PLK3, CLN8, XPA, HAO1) that were altered by fluoride.
Lasalvia M et al. · 2018
Researchers exposed human peripheral blood lympho-monocytes in a reverberation chamber to 1.8 GHz electromagnetic fields at 200 V/m for times ranging from 1 to 20 hours. Some exposed cells took on an enlarged and deformed shape, and Raman spectra of the nuclear compartment showed reductions in DNA backbone-linked vibrational modes. After 20 hours of exposure, resting oxygen consumption rate increased and was coupled to a significant increase of the FoF1-ATP synthase-related oxygen consumption. The researchers suggested that adaptive mechanisms, likely via redox signaling, may compensate for early impairments of the oxidative phosphorylation system caused by EMF exposure.
Kazemi M et al. · 2018
Researchers exposed male rhesus macaques to extremely low frequency magnetic fields at 0.7 μT for 4 hours per day over 30 consecutive days, at either 1 Hz or 12 Hz. Visual working memory scores and plasma melatonin levels increased significantly in the animals exposed to 12 Hz, but not in those exposed to 1 Hz. NMDA receptor gene expression also increased at 12 Hz exposure, while hippocampal volume did not increase significantly at either frequency.
Erdal ME, Yılmaz SG, Gürgül S, Uzun C, Derici D, Erdal N. · 2018
Researchers examined the effects of long-term ELF-MF exposure on miRNAs previously related to brain and human diseases, including miR-26b-5p, miR-9-5p, miR-29a-3p, miR-106b-5p, miR-107, and miR-125a-3p. Male and female Wistar-Albino rats were divided into sham and ELF-MF exposed groups, and after sacrifice, blood samples and brain tissues were collected. All miRNA expression levels in young female rats showed a significant decrease in blood compared to brain samples, though fewer miRNAs showed a similar significant decrease in blood.
Yakymenko I et al. · 2018
Researchers used developing quail embryos to assess the oxidative and mutagenic effects of GSM 1800 MHz microwave radiation from a commercial smartphone. The embryos were exposed in ovo to 0.32 µW/cm2, discontinuously, for 5 days before and 14 days through the incubation period. Exposure resulted in a 2-fold increase in superoxide generation rate, an 85% increase in nitrogen oxide generation rate, and up to twice increased levels of 8-oxo-dG in cells of 1-day old chicks from the exposed embryos. The exposure also resulted in a significant, almost twice, increase of embryo mortality.
Li R et al. · 2018
Mouse spermatocyte-derived cells (GC-2) were exposed to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields at 4 W/kg for 24 hours. The exposure induced both autophagy and DNA damage in GC-2 cells through the generation of reactive oxygen species. When autophagy was blocked by knocking down AMPKα, DNA damage increased, while overexpressing AMPKα promoted autophagy and reduced DNA damage.
Houston BJ, Nixon B, King BV, Aitken RJ, De Iuliis GN. · 2018
Researchers exposed cultured mouse spermatogonial GC1 and spermatocyte GC2 cell lines, as well as cauda epididymal spermatozoa, to continuous wave RF-EMR at 1.8 GHz at 0.15 and 1.5 W/kg. A 4-hour exposure increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species in GC1 cells (7 vs. 18%; p < 0.001) and GC2 cells (11.5 vs. 16%; p < 0.01), with Complex III of the electron transport chain identified as the potential source. Exposure at 0.15 W/kg for 3 hours induced significant DNA fragmentation in spermatozoa (p < 0.05), though this was no longer significant after 4 hours. After 4 hours of exposure, spermatozoa showed significant oxidative DNA damage in the form of 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (p < 0.05) and a decline in sperm motility (p < 0.05).
Zhang J, Ding C, Meng X, Shang P · 2018
Researchers studied whether nitric oxide modulates the responses of osteoclast formation to static magnetic fields. Field strengths of 500 nT (hypomagnetic field), 0.2 T (moderate static magnetic field), and 16 T (high static magnetic field) were utilized as treatment. At 16 T, osteoclast formation was markedly decreased and nitric oxide synthase activity was enhanced, producing a high level of NO. At 500 nT and 0.2 T, osteoclast formation increased alongside decreased NOS activity and NO production.
