MRI Machine EMF Research

(2025) Flora and fauna: how nonhuman species interact with natural and man-made EMF at ecosystem levels and public policy recommendations

Levitt et al · 2025

Levitt BB, Lai HC and Manville AM II. (2022) Low-level EMF effects on wildlife and plants: What research tells us about an ecosystem approach

Unknown authors · 2022

Repeated electromagnetic field stimulation lowers amyloid-β peptide levels in primary human mixed brain tissue cultures

Unknown authors · 2021

Researchers exposed primary human brain cultures at day 7 to 64 MHz electromagnetic fields for one hour daily over 14 days. This treatment significantly lowered secreted Aβ40 and Aβ42 peptide levels compared to untreated cultures. Similar reductions were also observed with one or two hours of daily exposure over 14 days, and with 4 or 8 days of exposure in cultures at a later stage. The minimum specific absorption rate needed for a biological effect was 0.4 W/kg. Exposure did not cause cellular toxicity or change sAPPα levels, indicating the Aβ reduction was not due to a shift to the α-secretase pathway.

Lost opportunities for cancer prevention: historical evidence on early warnings with emphasis on radiofrequency radiation

Hardell & Carlberg · 2021

The paper discusses historical lessons from early warnings on cancer risks and lost prevention opportunities. It states that radiofrequency radiation has a cancer-causing effect and that decades of studies show increased human cancer risk. Based on three case-control studies of wireless phone use, the authors present a preventable fraction for brain tumors and note an increase in undefined brain tumors in Sweden, especially among ages 20–39, which they suggest may be linked to high wireless phone use among young people.

(2019) Towards predicting intracellular radiofrequency radiation effects

Nielsen et al · 2019

Measurement of the 100 MHz EMF radiation in vivo effects on zebrafish D. rerio embryonic development: A multidisciplinary study

Piccinetti CC et al. · 2018

Italian researchers exposed zebrafish embryos to 100 MHz radiofrequency radiation (similar to FM radio frequencies) and found significant biological effects including stunted growth, genetic stress responses, and cell death. The study carefully controlled for heat effects, proving the radiation itself caused the damage. This matters because zebrafish share 70% of human genes, making them excellent models for understanding potential human health impacts.

Measurement of the 100 MHz EMF radiation in vivo effects on zebrafish D. rerio embryonic development: A multidisciplinary study

Piccinetti CC et al. · 2018

Researchers exposed zebrafish embryos to 100 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic fields and found significant biological effects including stunted growth, oxidative stress, and cellular damage. The study carefully controlled for heating effects, proving the damage came from the EMF itself, not temperature changes. This provides clear evidence that radiofrequency radiation can harm developing organisms at non-thermal levels.

Measurement of the 100 MHz EMF radiation in vivo effects on zebrafish D. rerio embryonic development: A multidisciplinary study.

Piccinetti CC et al. · 2018

Researchers evaluated the biological effects of 100 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure on zebrafish embryos using a multidisciplinary protocol. The 100 MHz EMF affected zebrafish embryonic development from 24 to 72 hours post-fertilization across all analyzed pathways. At 48 hours post-fertilization, reduced growth, increased oxidative stress gene transcription, apoptotic and autophagic processes, and modified cholesterol metabolism were detected. By 72 hours post-fertilization, embryos partially recovered from stress and reached hatching time comparable to controls.

The antioxidant effect of Green Tea Mega EGCG against electromagnetic radiation-induced oxidative stress in the hippocampus and striatum of rats

Ahmed NA, Radwan NM, Aboul Ezz HS, Salama NA · 2017

Researchers exposed adult rats to EMR at a frequency of 900 MHz modulated at 217 Hz, with a power density of 0.02 mW/cm2 and SAR of 1.245 W/kg, and measured oxidative stress parameters in the hippocampus and striatum. EMR exposure produced disturbances in oxidant and antioxidant parameters in both brain regions. Green tea mega EGCG given at the beginning of EMR exposure for two and three months had more beneficial effect against EMR-induced oxidative stress than EGCG given after two months of exposure.

The antioxidant effect of Green Tea Mega EGCG against electromagnetic radiation-induced oxidative stress in the hippocampus and striatum of rats.

Ahmed NA, Radwan NM, Aboul Ezz HS, Salama NA. · 2017

Researchers exposed rats to cell phone-level radiofrequency radiation (900 MHz) for 2-3 months and found it caused oxidative stress damage in brain regions critical for memory and movement. However, when rats were given green tea extract (EGCG) before or during radiation exposure, it significantly protected against this brain damage. The study suggests that antioxidants may help shield the brain from wireless radiation effects.

Generation and propagation of yeast prion [URE3] are elevated under electromagnetic field.

Lian HY, Lin KW, Yang C, Cai P. · 2017

Researchers exposed two budding yeast strains, NT64C and SB34, to 2.0 GHz RF-EMF and 50 Hz ELF-EMF. Both RF-EMF and ELF-EMF exposure elevated the de novo generation and propagation of the yeast prion [URE3] in the two strains. The increase grew over time, and ELF-EMF showed a dose-dependent effect. Chaperone transcription and expression (Hsp104, Hsp70-Ssa1/2, Hsp40-Ydj1) did not change significantly after exposure. ROS levels and SOD and CAT activities rose after short-term exposure but not after long-term exposure.

Does exposure to environmental radiofrequency electromagnetic fields cause cognitive and behavioral effects in 10-year-old boys?

Calvente I et al. · 2016

Does exposure to environmental radiofrequency electromagnetic fields cause cognitive and behavioral effects in 10-year-old boys?

Calvente I et al. · 2016

Spanish researchers measured radiofrequency radiation around the homes of 123 ten-year-old boys and tested their cognitive abilities and behavior. While most measures showed no effects, boys living in areas with higher RF exposure (though still below safety guidelines) had lower verbal skills and higher rates of anxiety-related behaviors compared to those in lower exposure areas. The researchers cautioned that study limitations prevent drawing definitive conclusions.

Radiofrequency radiation at Stockholm Central Railway Station in Sweden and some medical aspects on public exposure to RF fields

Hardell L et al · 2016

Researchers used an exposimeter to measure radiofrequency radiation across 20 bands from 88 to 5,850 MHz at Stockholm Central Railway Station. They recorded 1,669 data points and found a median total exposure of 921 μW/m2 with mean levels varying between 2,817 and 4,891 μW/m2 per walking round. High mean measurements were observed for GSM + UMTS 900 downlink and UMTS 2100 downlink, and almost all levels exceeded the BioInitiative precautionary target of 3–6 μW/m2.

Glial markers and emotional memory in rats following acute cerebral radiofrequency exposures

(E) Barthélémy A et al. · 2016

Researchers exposed male Sprague Dawley rats for 15 minutes at 0, 1.5, or 6 W/kg, or for 45 minutes at 6 W/kg, to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields. Memory, emotionality, and locomotion were tested using fear conditioning, the elevated plus maze, and the open field. Long-term memory was reduced and cytosolic GFAP was increased in the hippocampus and in the olfactory bulb at 6 W/kg. No MBP or Aβ1–40 expression modification was shown. The study suggests that RF EMF-induced astrogliosis had functional consequences on memory but did not demonstrate that it was secondary to neuronal damage.

Also see: Brain Tumor Rates Are Rising in the US: The Role of Cell Phone & Cordless Phone Use

Hardell & Carlberg (2015) Increasing rates of brain tumours in the Swedish National Inpatient Register & the Causes of Death Register. Int J Envir Res Public Health. http://bit.ly/1aDHJm Devocht (2016) Inferring the 1985–2014 impact of mobile phone use on selected brain cancer subtypes using Bayesian structural time series and synthetic controls. Environ Int. http://bit.ly/2jJlbZu corrigendum (2017): http://bit.ly/2Cuq2nU Hardell & Carlberg (2017) Mobile phones et al. · 2015

The Role of the Location of Personal Exposimeters on the Human Body in Their Use for Assessing Exposure to the Electromagnetic Field in the Radiofrequency Range 98-2450 MHz and Compliance Analysis: Evaluation by Virtual Measurements

Gryz K et al · 2015

Researchers modeled personal exposimeters measuring electric fields from 98–2450 MHz using a human body model and finite integration technique software. Calculations with 256 exposure scenarios showed the human body causes measurement errors from −96% to +133% compared to unperturbed fields. Placing a single exposimeter on the waist to the back side of the human body or on the front of the chest reduces the range of exposure assessment uncertainty across various conditions. Uncertainty using a single exposimeter remains significantly higher than spot measurements of unperturbed fields.

Exposure to electromagnetic fields in households--trends from 2006 to 2012

Tomitsch J, Dechant E et al · 2015

In revisited households, median ELF electric fields decreased from 23.20 V/m in 2006 to 13.90 V/m in 2012, median all-night ELF magnetic fields at 50 Hz decreased from 13.50 to 11.37 nT, and median total RF-EMFs increased from 28.13 to 52.16 µW/m². The highest RF-EMF increases were for UMTS and WLAN, urban areas had higher median total RF-EMFs (117.73 µW/m²) than rural areas (34.52 µW/m²), and LTE at 2600 MHz was detected at 17 locations up to 38.20 µW/m². Indoor sources showed decreased exposure in the DECT frequency range and increased exposure in the WLAN frequency range.

The Role of the Location of Personal Exposimeters on the Human Body in Their Use for Assessing Exposure to the Electromagnetic Field in the Radiofrequency Range 98-2450 MHz and Compliance Analysis: Evaluation by Virtual Measurements

Gryz K et al · 2015

Researchers tested how the human body affects personal EMF meters that measure radiofrequency radiation from 98-2450 MHz. They found that where you wear the device on your body dramatically changes the readings, with errors ranging from -96% to +133% compared to actual field strength. This means current EMF exposure assessments using body-worn devices may be significantly inaccurate.

Exposure to electromagnetic fields in households--trends from 2006 to 2012

Tomitsch J, Dechant E et al · 2015

Austrian researchers measured EMF levels in 219 bedrooms from 2006 to 2012, tracking changes in power line fields and wireless radiation. They found power line electric fields decreased by 40% while total wireless radiation nearly doubled, with urban areas showing 3.4 times higher wireless exposure than rural locations. The study reveals how our bedroom EMF environment has shifted dramatically toward wireless sources.

The Role of the Location of Personal Exposimeters on the Human Body in Their Use for Assessing Exposure to the Electromagnetic Field in the Radiofrequency Range 98-2450 MHz and Compliance Analysis: Evaluation by Virtual Measurements

Gryz K et al · 2015

Researchers used computer models to test how the human body affects radiofrequency measurements from personal EMF meters worn at different body locations. They found measurement errors ranging from -96% to +133% compared to actual field strength, with waist and chest positions providing the most reliable readings.

Exposure to electromagnetic fields in households--trends from 2006 to 2012

Tomitsch J, Dechant E et al · 2015

Austrian researchers measured electromagnetic field levels in 219 bedrooms from 2006 to 2012, tracking changes in household EMF exposure over time. They found that power line frequency fields decreased slightly, but wireless radiation (RF-EMF) nearly doubled, with urban areas showing 3.4 times higher wireless exposure than rural areas. This study documents the rapid increase in wireless radiation exposure as smartphones and WiFi became widespread.

Exposure to electromagnetic fields in households--trends from 2006 to 2012

Tomitsch J, Dechant E et al · 2015

Austrian researchers measured electromagnetic field levels in 219 bedrooms from 2006 to 2012, tracking how household EMF exposure changed over time. They found that while power line frequencies decreased slightly, radiofrequency radiation from wireless devices nearly doubled. The study reveals how our bedroom EMF environment has shifted as we've adopted more wireless technology.

Outdoor characterization of radio frequency electromagnetic fields in a Spanish birth cohort.

Calvente I et al. · 2015

Researchers used spot measurements to characterize outdoor radiofrequency electromagnetic fields in the frequency range 100kHz-6GHz around the dwellings of 123 families from the INMA-Granada birth cohort in Southern Spain. The arithmetic mean electric field was 195.79mV/m and the mean power density was 799.01µW/m(2), with median values of 148.80mV/m and 285.94µW/m(2) respectively. All recorded values were well below International Commission for Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection reference levels. Exposure levels varied widely among different areas or towns/villages and also among seasons.

Enhancement of Cortical Network Activity in vitro and Promotion of GABAergic Neurogenesis by Stimulation with an Electromagnetic Field with a 150 MHz Carrier Wave Pulsed with an Alternating 10 and 16 Hz Modulation.

Gramowski-Voß A et al. · 2015

Researchers exposed differentiating murine cortical networks on multiwell microelectrode arrays to an extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field with alternating 10 and 16 Hz modulation on a 150 MHz carrier. The development of cortical activity was accelerated under these exposure conditions. The percentage of neurons in the co-culture increased without changing the total cell count, indicating enhanced neurogenesis. ELEMF exposure selectively promoted the proliferation of GABAergic neurons, increasing their proportion. The exposure also stimulated electrical network activity and intensified burst structure.