Browse 6,486 peer-reviewed studies on electromagnetic field health effects from 4 research libraries.
Showing 2,030 studies in Brain & Nervous System
Abstract Wireless internet (Wi-Fi) electromagnetic waves (2.45 GHz) have widespread usage almost everywhere et al. · 2017
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13102818.2017.1373033 -- Topsakal S et al. · 2017
Sixteen Wistar albino rats were divided into sham and exposure groups, with the exposure group receiving 2.4 GHz RFR from a Wi-Fi generator 24 hours per day for one year at a distance of 50 cm. Distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) were measured at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. At 6000 Hz, DPOAE values were lower in the exposure group than in the sham group, and at 12 months they were also lower than baseline and 6-month values; at 2000 Hz, DPOAE values at 6 and 12 months were higher than baseline.
Open access paper: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5585657/ -- Yorgancilar E et al. · 2017
Sixteen Wistar albino rats were divided into sham and exposure groups. The exposure group received 2.4 GHz RFR from a Wi-Fi generator for 24 h/day for one year at a distance of 50 cm. Distortion product otoacoustic emissions were measured at baseline, at 6 months, and at 12 months. At 6000 Hz, DPOAE values in the exposure group were lower than in the sham group and also lower at 12 months than at baseline and 6 months, while at 2000 Hz DPOAE values at 6 and 12 months were higher than baseline.
Decreases in sleep duration among U.S. adolescents 2009-2015 & association with new media screen time Twenge JM et al. · 2017
Researchers used yearly nationally representative surveys from Monitoring the Future and Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System, totaling 369,595 adolescents. The study examined changes in self-reported sleep duration between 2009 and 2015. Adolescents in 2015 were 16%-17% more likely to report sleeping less than 7 hours a night compared to 2009, with short sleep prevalence rising from 35% to 41% and from 37% to 43%. New media screen time increased and was associated with higher odds of short sleep, with a clear exposure-response relationship for electronic devices after two or more hours per day. Other activities such as homework, paid work, and TV watching were stable or declined, making them unlikely causes of the sleep decrease.
Unknown authors · 2017
Researchers investigated the role of PEMF exposure in regulating glutamate-induced excitotoxicity through the endocannabinoid system. PEMF exposure improved viability of HT22 cells after excitotoxicity and reduced lactate dehydrogenase release and cell death. A CB1R specific inhibitor suppressed the protective effects of PEMF exposure, even though CB1R expression did not change. PEMF exposure elevated AEA and 2-AG levels, indicating modulation of the endocannabinoid metabolic system. CB1R/ERK signaling was shown to be an important downstream pathway of PEMF in regulating excitotoxicity.
Unknown authors · 2017
Pregnant mice were exposed continuously to 7.5 kHz magnetic fields at 12 and 120 μT from mating until weaning. The 12 μT group performed better on the Rotarod task and the 120 μT group swam more slowly in the Morris swim task, but these findings were considered likely due to chance. Histopathological analysis revealed no effect on astroglial reactivity or hippocampal neurogenesis.
Unknown authors · 2017
The study examined how low-frequency magnetic fields affect morphine tolerance in rats. Rats received morphine 10 mg/kg daily for eight days and were exposed to magnetic fields at 50 Hz (1, 50, 100 µT) before, immediately, or 30 minutes after each injection, and also to 0.5, 6, 12, and 30 Hz at 100 µT before injection. Exposure to 50 Hz at 1 µT and 30 Hz at 100 µT immediately before injection, and 50 Hz at 100 µT after injection, prevented tolerance, whereas exposure to 50 Hz at 1, 50, and 100 µT 30 minutes after injection did not preserve analgesia.
Unknown authors · 2017
Unknown authors · 2017
Unknown authors · 2017
The birds' magnetic compass orientation was disrupted at approximately 2.4, 7, and 20 nT but not at 0.4 nT. The sensitivity threshold of the magnetic compass to the oscillating field was estimated to lie around 2–3 nT. In contrast, European robins were disoriented at 15 nT but could orient at 5 nT.
Unknown authors · 2017
Unknown authors · 2017
Researchers exposed male Wistar rats to 900-MHz EMF for 21 days (60 minutes per day) while a control group received no exposure. EMF exposure caused a significant reduction in pyramidal and granular cells in the hippocampus and Purkinje cells in the cerebellum compared with the other groups. Treatment with folic acid or Boswellia sacra prevented this neuronal loss, resulting in cell counts similar to unexposed controls.
Momoli F et al. · 2017
Researchers re-analyzed Canadian data from the 13-country Interphone case-control study (2001–2004) to evaluate associations between mobile phone use and risks of brain, acoustic neuroma, and parotid gland tumors. For glioma, the odds ratio for the highest quartile of use (>558 lifetime hours) compared to non-regular users was 2.0 (95% CI 1.2–3.4), and after adjusting for selection and recall biases it became 2.2 (95% limits 1.3–4.1). There was little evidence of increased risk for meningioma, acoustic neuroma, or parotid gland tumors.
Zhang JP et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed adolescent male mice to a 1.8 GHz radiofrequency field for 4 weeks. Depression-like behavior, spatial memory ability, and brain histology did not change obviously after exposure. Anxiety-like behavior increased, and levels of GABA and aspartic acid in the cortex and hippocampus significantly decreased.
Su L, Wei X, Xu Z, Chen G · 2017
Researchers exposed neurogenic A172, U251, and SH-SY5Y cells to 1800 MHz RF-EMF at 4.0 W/kg intermittently for 1, 6, or 24 hours. DNA damage was measured by quantifying γH2AX foci, an early marker of DNA double-strand breaks. Cell cycle progression, proliferation, and viability were assessed using flow cytometry, hemocytometer, and cell counting kit-8 assay. Exposure did not significantly induce γH2AX foci formation or cause abnormal cell cycle progression, proliferation, or viability. Prolonged incubation up to 48 hours after exposure also did not significantly affect cellular behavior.
Shirai T et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed pregnant rats and their offspring to eight radiofrequency signals ranging from 800 MHz to 5.2 GHz. The exposure lasted 20 h per day from gestational day 7 through weaning and continued for offspring up to 6 weeks of age. No abnormal findings were observed in the dams, F1 offspring, or F2 offspring across all evaluated parameters. The study concluded that simultaneous whole-body exposure to these frequencies did not show adverse effects on pregnancy or development.
Sato Y, Kojimahara N, Yamaguchi N · 2017
The study included 82 patients aged 6 to 18 years diagnosed with brain tumors between 2006 and 2010. Patients were divided into 16 mobile phone owners and 66 non-owners one year before diagnosis. Researchers used three general-population surveys to calculate expected ownership and found age-adjusted standardized ownership ratios of 0.83, 0.51, and 0.75 with confidence intervals of 0.56-1.22, 0.24-1.04, and 0.42-1.32. Mobile phone ownership prevalence among the young patients did not differ from general population estimates.
Park J, Kwon JH, Kim N, Song K · 2017
Researchers exposed HT22 mouse hippocampal neuronal cells and SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells to 1950 MHz RF-EMF at a SAR of 6 W/kg for 2 hours per day over 3 days. They analyzed mRNA and protein expression of key genes involved in Aβ processing. In HT22 cells, mRNA levels of APP, BACE1, ADAM10 and PSEN1 decreased, while APP mRNA was unchanged in SH-SY5Y cells. Protein expression of APP and BACE1 and secreted Aβ peptide did not differ significantly between exposed and control cells.
Haas AJ et al. · 2017
Researchers investigated the effects of a 24-hour millimeter wave exposure at 60.4 GHz with an incident power density of 5 mW/cm² on dopaminergic turnover in NGF-treated PC12 cells. They measured intracellular and extracellular dopamine and DOPAC using high performance liquid chromatography and assessed dopamine transporter expression by immunocytochemistry. Dopamine turnover and DAT protein expression were not impacted by exposure, while extracellular DOPAC accumulation showed a slight non-significant increase attributed to thermal effects.
Ghatei N et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed pregnant BALB/c mice to mobile phone jammer radiation at 900 and 1800 MHz on the 19th day of pregnancy. After birth, offspring were divided into four exposure groups and examined at 8-10 weeks of age. Cerebellar expression of bax, bcl-2, p21, and p53 was measured by real-time RT-PCR. Radiation did not change bcl-2 or p53 expression (P>0.05). Radiation decreased bax expression and increased p21 expression compared to controls (P<0.05).
Choi KH et al. · 2017
Andrianome S et al. · 2017
Researchers compared autonomic nervous system activity in 30 self-declared electrohypersensitive participants and 25 matched controls using heart rate variability and skin conductance. The electrohypersensitive group showed more skin conductance responses to auditory stimuli, while short-term heart rate variability did not differ between groups. In a double-blind, counterbalanced session, 10 electrohypersensitive volunteers were exposed to GSM 900, GSM 1800, DECT, and Wi-Fi at 1 V/m. No changes in heart rate variability or skin conductance were observed during or after exposure.
Villarini M et al. · 2017
Researchers exposed SH-SY5Y5 and SK-N-BE-2 neuroblastoma cells to 50 Hz magnetic fields at 0.01, 0.1, or 1 mT, aluminum chloride at 4 or 40 µM, or both together for 1 hour continuously or 5 hours intermittently. They measured DNA damage with the comet assay, redox status via GSH/GSSG ratio, and Hsp70 expression by western blot and real-time RT-PCR. Neither the magnetic field nor aluminum alone caused DNA damage, altered the GSH/GSSG ratio, or changed Hsp70 levels, and combined exposure showed no synergistic toxic effect.
Zhang J, Sumich A, Wang GY. · 2017
The review focuses on recent neuroimaging and electroencephalography studies to analyze effects of MP EMF exposure on neurocognitive function. Several studies indicate an increase in cortical excitability and/or efficiency with EMF exposure, more prominent in fronto-temporal regions and associated with faster reaction time. Cortical excitability might also underpin disruption to sleep. However, several inconsistent findings exist and conclusions regarding adverse effects of EMF exposure are currently limited.
Yang M et al. · 2017
Researchers conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 11 studies with 6028 cases and 11488 controls to investigate mobile phone use and glioma risk. Long-term mobile phone use of at least 10 years showed a significant positive association with glioma (OR = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.08-1.91). Long-term ipsilateral use was also associated with glioma (OR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.12-1.92), while contralateral use was not associated regardless of duration. Long-term use was associated with 2.22 times greater odds of low-grade glioma (OR = 2.22, 95% CI = 1.69-2.92), but mobile phone use of any duration was not associated with high-grade glioma (OR = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.72-0.92).