Neubauer C, Phelan AM, Kues H, Lange DG · 1990
Researchers exposed male albino rats to 2.45-GHz microwaves with 10-microseconds pulses at 100 pps. Exposure at 10 mW/cm2 for 30 to 120 minutes increased tracer uptake through the blood-brain barrier. The uptake depended on both power density and exposure duration. At 5 mW/cm2, a 15-minute exposure had no effect. Pretreating rats with colchicine nearly completely blocked the microwave-induced uptake.
Unknown authors · 1989
Unknown authors · 1989
Unknown authors · 1988
Epidemiologic studies yielded positive correlations between magnetic- and/or electric-field strengths in local environments and the incidence of depression-related suicide. Chronic exposure to ELF electric or magnetic fields can disrupt normal circadian rhythms in rat pineal serotonin-N-acetyltransferase activity as well as in serotonin and melatonin concentrations. Disruptions in the circadian rhythmicity of pineal melatonin secretion have been associated with certain depressive disorders in human beings.
D’Inzeo, G et al · 1988
Researchers experimentally analyzed the behavior of cultured myotubes from chick embryos exposed to microwaves. During exposure to low-power microwaves, the frequency of acetylcholine-activated single channel openings decreased and the acetylcholine-induced total current showed a faster falling phase. Channel open time and conductance were not affected by microwave irradiation.
D'Andrea JA, DeWitt JR, Portuguez LM, Gandhi OP. · 1988
Two experiments tested whether frequency-specific hotspot formation in the body and tail of rats would have behavioral consequences. Rats were placed in a cage where occupying one side triggered microwave exposure and occupying the other side ended it. Reduced exposure to 360-MHz and 2450-MHz microwaves at 1, 2, 6 and 10 W/kg were significantly different from 700-MHz microwaves. A second experiment found the threshold for reduced exposure to 2450-MHz microwaves fell between whole-body SARs of 2.1 and 2.8 W/kg.
Chang-Zern Hong · 1987
Kolmodin-Hedman B et al. · 1987
Chang-Zern Hong, David Harmon, Jen Yu · 1986
Nerve conduction showed no significant change in distal latencies or compound muscle action potential amplitudes at field densities up to 1.2 tesla for 60 seconds. Nerve excitability, measured as submaximally evoked compound muscle action potential amplitude changes, increased significantly when the nerve was exposed to fields stronger than 0.5 tesla for longer than 30 seconds. The excitability increase disappeared one minute after the magnetic field exposure ended.
John C. Monahan, John A. D'Andrea · 1985
D E Oliver et al. · 1984
Chang-Zern Hong et al. · 1982
Researchers studied 101 volunteers in a double-blind trial with four groups matched for pain status and magnetic or nonmagnetic necklace assignment. All subjects wore the necklaces 24 hours per day for 3 weeks. Proximal ulnar nerve conduction time decreased significantly only in pain-free subjects wearing the magnetic necklace, while suprascapular nerve excitation threshold did not change in any group.
W.R. Adey, S.M. Bawin, A.F. Lawrence · 1982
Unknown authors · 1982
Intrinsic electromagnetic fields play a key role in embryonic morphogenesis, wound healing, and nervous system information transmission. Exposure to extremely low frequency and ELF-modulated microwave fields below thermal levels reveals highly nonlinear mechanisms. The authors propose a model of tissue-EMF interaction based on nonlinear waves in the cell membrane with ionic interactions as an essential step. Membrane molecular solitons may exist as Davydov-type solitons for charge transfer or as Sine-Gordon solitons conveying energy along gel-lipid domains at subsonic velocities.
W. R. ADEY · 1981
Michael Ciano et al. · 1981
C. F. Blackman et al. · 1980
Researchers exposed brain tissue from chicks to 147-MHz radiation amplitude modulated at 16 Hz or 9 Hz for 20 minutes. Control exposures to unmodulated carrier at 0.83 nW/cm² and to zero field-strength produced no significant differences between exposed and sham groups. Temperature control experiments showed efflux was 9% lower at 32°C and 15% higher at 41°C compared to 37°C.
Joseph K. Kielman et al. · 1980
The authors reviewed experimental results from investigators worldwide on radiofrequency and microwave radiation bioeffects. Absorption of electromagnetic energy between 300 kHz and 300 GHz depends on frequency, organism geometry, and tissue dielectric properties. At power densities above 10 mW/cm2, energy dissipation can cause thermogenesis. Below 10 mW/cm2, core temperature and metabolic rate remain unchanged but biological effects are observed, including alterations in blood-brain barrier, neurotransmitter release, EEG, heart rate, immunocompetence, hematopoiesis, neuroendocrine function, and behavior. Subjective human effects such as headaches, weakness, and auditory response have also been reported.
Unknown authors · 1980
Charles A. Cain · 1980
Charlotte Silverman · 1980
The review describes two unpublished cohort studies: one of U.S. naval personnel occupationally exposed to radar, and another of American Embassy personnel in Moscow compared with employees at eight other Eastern European posts. Neither study found differential health risks associated with presumed microwave exposure, but both had significant limitations.
Sol M. Michaelson · 1980
Some reports suggest low power density microwaves affect neural and immunologic function, but many studies have methodological inadequacies. The review finds no satisfactory evidence of genetic effects at low to modest power densities, and recent studies confirm exposures below 10 mW/cm² are not mutagenic. Developmental abnormalities are attributed to hyperthermia, and no serious effects are expected below 10 mW/cm² under usual conditions. Behavioral studies show performance suppression with a threshold power density of 5 to 50 mW/cm² depending on exposure parameters.
Per Lövsund · 1980
T. S. Tenforde · 1980
BLAKE S. WILSON et al. · 1980
