EMF Research Studies

Radiation hazards of primary concern to public health--present status and outlook

Morgan RH · 1963

Effects of Chronic Microwave Irradiation on Mice

S. Prausnitz, C. Susskind · 1962

Two hundred male mice were exposed daily for 59 weeks to 0.100 w/cm’ for 4.5 minutes, producing an average body temperature rise of 3.3°C. A control group of 100 mice was sham-irradiated in a mock-up chamber at room temperature. Longevity did not differ between groups, with mortality slightly higher in controls. Body weight, body temperature response, and blood picture showed no evident changes. Testicular degeneration (tubule atrophy) was found in 40 per cent of dead irradiated mice versus 8 per cent of controls, and white cell neoplasms (leucosis) in 35 per cent versus 10 per cent.

Dielectric Absorption of Microwaves in Human Tissues

J. R. Mallard, J. G. Lawn · 1959

Radiofrequency radiation at 1950 MHz (UMTS) does not affect key cellular endpoints in neuron‐like PC12 cells

Unknown authors · 1950

THE ACTION OF SHORT RADIO WAVES ON TISSUES III. A COMPARISON OF THE THERMAL SENSITIVITIES OF TRANSPLANTABLE TUMOURS IN VIVO AND IN VITRO

HERBERT J. JOHNSON · 1940

THE ACTION OF SHORT RADIO WAVES ON TISSUES - II. TREATMENT OF ANIMAL TUMOURS IN VIVO

FRANK DICKENS, STANLEY F. EVANS, HANS WEIL-MALHERBE · 1937

PRELIMINARY STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF ARTIFICIAL FEVER UPON HOPELESS TUMOR CASES

Stafford L. Warren · 1935

A Current Literature Report on the Carcinogenic Properties of Ionizing and Nonionizing Radiation

Unknown authors

The report states there is virtually no scientific literature directly relating to carcinogenic effects of MW and RF radiation. The evidence comes from a WHO epidemiologic study reported by Zaret (1976) showing a possible correlation between MW-induced cardiovascular disease increase and a rise in cancer incidence. International exposure standards vary widely, from 10 mW/cm² in Western countries to 0.01 nW/cm² in the USSR and Poland, due to lack of definitive research on long-term low-level effects.

MICROWAVE EFFECTS ON ENERGY LEVELS OF BRAIN AND MALIGNANT BRAIN TUMOR

Unknown authors

A MICROWAVE DIATHERMY APPLICATOR

Unknown authors

DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS OF RF WAVES

CARL H. SUTTON

The review covers recent advances in using microwaves and other RF radiations for physical diagnosis and cancer therapy. A diagnostic technique combining radiometric readings of endogenous infrared and microwave emissions detects breast cancer with accuracy equal to xero-mammography and poses no radiation risk. A therapeutic approach combining microwaves with X irradiation for malignant melanoma allows reduction of the ionizing radiation dose without losing therapeutic efficacy. These and other applications in clinical use or animal model trials are discussed alongside biomedical, regulatory, and economic problems slowing research and development.

Do the French Have a Cure for Cancer?

David M. Rorvik

DEEP VISCERAL HYPERTHERMIA IN MAN WITHOUT SURFACE TISSUE INJURY

Unknown authors

Researchers developed a new radio frequency device that allows uniform heating to any depth without surface injury. In 52 human tumors evaluated, temperatures above 42°C occurred in 81%, above 45°C in 44%, and above 50°C in 37%, while surface and adjacent normal tissues remained at physiologic temperatures. Previous methods caused surface burns in humans with thick subcutaneous tissue despite surface cooling.

EFFECTS OF A.C. MAGNETIC FIELD ON LYMPHOMA CELLS

Unknown authors

In vitro, YAC mouse lymphoma cells were exposed to 130 Gauss, 1950 H for 48 and 96 hours. At 48 hours, cells in the magnetic field increased 31% with 85% viability, while control cells increased 75% with 89% viability. At 96 hours, magnetic field cells increased 149% with 88% viability versus 318% with 84% viability in controls. In vivo, mice injected with YAC lymphoma cells were exposed to 1,000 Gauss, 60 H for 17 days, and the exposed group showed slower tumor onset and lower average tumor weight (2.06 g) than controls (3.1 g).

LOCALIZED RF HYPERTHERMIA ON HAMSTER CHEEK POUCH CARCINOMA

Unknown authors

A NONPERTURBING TEMPERATURE PROBE SYSTEM DESIGNED FOR HYPERTHERMIA MONITORING

Unknown authors

The probe uses a gallium arsenide sensor that absorbs near-infrared light at 907 nm, with absorption changing as temperature varies. The probe consists of 0.085-mm glass fibers for light transmission and reception, with a tip diameter smaller than a 25-gauge needle for tissue implantation. The system operates from 15°C to 55°C with a resolution of 0.01°C and absolute accuracy better than 0.1°C. An 8085 microprocessor controls up to six probes simultaneously, handling linearization, display, and calibration via a built-in calibrator or an external reference.

A BROADBAND AND COMPACT APPLICATOR FOR DEEP TISSUE HEATING USING FOCUSED MICROWAVES

Unknown authors

The paper presents the design of a broadband microwave applicator covering 150 MHz to 1100 MHz for hyperthermia. Filling the horn with circulating formamide scaled the frequency band down to 150 MHz–1.1 GHz and provided surface cooling.

AN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL FOR DETECTING AND AMPLIFYING SUBTLE RF FIELD-INDUCED CELL INJURIES

Unknown authors

LOCALIZED MICROWAVE HYPERTHERMIA AT X-BAND ON EXTERNAL TUMORS IN MICE

Unknown authors

UNDEFINED SET OF PAGES

Unknown authors

EFFECTS OF HYPERTHERMIA AND MICROWAVE INDUCED HYPERTHERMIC SHOCK ON HPC CELLS

Unknown authors

Researchers compared slow waterbath heating at 0.22°C per second with rapid microwave heating at 9.2°C per second before 15-minute hyperthermic exposures of human prostate cancer cells in vitro. The effect of the heating rate was small across the exposure range of 43.5 to 47.5°C. Microwave-induced hyperthermic shock followed by immediate waterbath cooling had no effect on cell survival below 43°C. Above 43°C, the percentage of cell survival decreased with increasing exposure temperature according to the linear relationship S = -11.6Tp + 593 with a correlation coefficient of 0.95. Effects were assayed by cellular attachment and colony formation and shown by SEM photography.

A SYSTEM FOR PRODUCING LOCALIZED HYPERTHERMIA IN BRAIN TUMORS THROUGH MAGNETIC INDUCTION HEATING OF FERROMAGNETIC IMPLANTS

Unknown authors

The researchers are developing a magnetic induction system to produce localized hyperthermia in intracranial tumors. Differential heating is achieved using small ferromagnetic seeds that can be stereotactically embedded in residual tumor during craniotomy. In phantom tests, Trial 16 showed a temperature differential greater than 4°C out to 1 cm from the implant site with no significant direct heating of the phantom by the RF field. Heating patterns in single seed phantoms matched the theoretically expected inverse radial distance dependence.

EFFECT OF LONG-TERM LOW-LEVEL MICROWAVE EXPOSURE ON DEVELOPMENT AND GROWTH OF CHEMICALLY /3,4-BENZOPYRENE AND DI-ETHYL-NITROSO-AMINE/ INDUCED NEOPLASMS

Unknown authors

The study used BALB/c mice and the chemical carcinogens 3,4-benzopyrene applied to skin and diethylnitrosamine injected intraperitoneally. Both carcinogens led to neoplasms with immunosuppression in the final stage of tumor growth. Exposure at 20 mW/cm2 caused earlier immunosuppression and earlier tumor appearance, while 5 mW/cm2 produced only slight insignificant differences.

THE DIFFERENTIATION (RETRANSFORMATION) OF NEUROBLASTOMA CELLS AS AN INDICATOR OF THE BIOLOGIC ACTIVITY OF PULSED MAGNETIC RADIATION. THE NON-THERMAL EFFECTS OF PULSED ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS ON TUMOR GROWTH AND IN VITRO MOUSE PALATAL DEVELOPMENT AND NEUROBLASTOMA DIFFERENTIATION.

Unknown authors

Researchers placed neuroblastoma cells in homogeneous time-varying magnetic fields at 2 gauss average using 4-inch air gap coils. The induced current wave forms at yA/cm² level were designed to excite only surface or surface-coupled transport processes. Significant differences in dendritic outgrowth and surface adhesion versus multiplication were detected as a function of the induced current wave forms. In mice with transplanted Lewis lung tumors, 27 MHz pulsed fields inhibited or accelerated tumor growth depending on timing and pulsed frequencies.

IMMUNOLOGIC ASPECTS IN CANCER TREATMENT BY MICROWAVE HYPERTHERMIA

Unknown authors