Unknown authors · 1982
Researchers measured plasma melatonin concentrations over 24 hours in 20 women with clinical stage I or II breast cancer. In ten patients with estrogen receptor positive tumors, the nocturnal melatonin increase was much lower than in eight control subjects. A significant correlation was found between peak plasma melatonin concentration and tumor estrogen receptor concentration in 19 patients.
Unknown authors · 1982
Intrinsic electromagnetic fields play a key role in embryonic morphogenesis, wound healing, and nervous system information transmission. Exposure to extremely low frequency and ELF-modulated microwave fields below thermal levels reveals highly nonlinear mechanisms. The authors propose a model of tissue-EMF interaction based on nonlinear waves in the cell membrane with ionic interactions as an essential step. Membrane molecular solitons may exist as Davydov-type solitons for charge transfer or as Sine-Gordon solitons conveying energy along gel-lipid domains at subsonic velocities.
William E. Murray et al. · 1981
Unknown authors · 1981
Eliot Marshall · 1981
Christopher H. Dodge, Zorach (Zory) R. Glaser · 1981
Bob DeMatteo · 1981
T. F. Budinger · 1981
The document revises previous NMR instrumentation and clinical study guidelines based on new information and reanalysis. For static magnetic fields, harmful physiological or genetic effects are not expected below 2 T. For changing magnetic fields, the induced current effect threshold is above 5 mT at 1-100 Hz, though waveform, repetition rate, maximum B field, and exposure duration need further study. RF heating guidelines set a practical upper limit of a few watts for short studies under 10 minutes and 1 W/kg for long-term studies, with power absorption estimated via RF coil Q measurements.
Unknown authors · 1981
J.W. Frazer · 1981
Maria A. Stuchly et al. · 1981
An open-ended coaxial line sensor with an automatic network analyzer measured the permittivity of feline skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, liver, kidney, spleen, and brain gray and white matter in vivo at frequencies between 10 MHz and 1 GHz. The estimated measurement uncertainties were between 1.5% and 2.5%. Significant differences were observed between skeletal and smooth muscle, and many tissues showed non-homogeneous permittivity varying by location. Feline brain dielectric constant was about 20% lower than human brain in vitro below 200 MHz, while conductivity was only slightly lower. Dielectric properties remained unchanged after death.
Unknown authors · 1981
This 1981 Office of Technology Assessment draft chapter outlined the environmental and health impacts of proposed Solar Power Satellite systems, focusing on the reference system. The chapter identified the biological effects of electromagnetic radiation, atmospheric effects of electromagnetic radiation and launch effluents, and land requirements for ground-based receivers as the most significant concerns. Preliminary assessments indicated that quantifiable impacts would be no more severe than those of other large-scale electricity-generating technologies, and that in the case of coal, SPS would be an order of magnitude cleaner.
W. R. ADEY · 1981
Walter Cato Olsen · 1981
Researchers surveyed electrostatic fields in VDU work areas and measured aerosol deposition on skin and a high-voltage sampling device. Submicron particle deposition increased substantially and nearly proportionally with electric field intensity, reaching fluxes at least an order of magnitude higher than zero-field conditions under rash-equivalent conditions. Sulfur and chlorine from outdoor aerosol were relatively abundant in field-generated deposits and may be components of the compounds causing rashes.
Christian U. Hochuli · 1981
Researchers developed evaluation procedures for nonperturbing temperature probes in microwave fields, including a precision calibration system, a thermographic camera system to measure heating patterns in a simulated muscle sphere at 2450 MHz, and a TEM transmission cell for electromagnetic interference testing from 250 kHz to 100 MHz. The calibration accuracy was ±0.017°C at 25°C over one day and ±0.023% over six months. Testing of four probes found the RAMAL probe caused the least perturbation but was unstable over time, while NARDA and VITEK were more stable and the Cetas probe was nonoperational.
Paul S. Ruggera, Daniel H. Schaubert, Ph.D. · 1981
Michael Ciano et al. · 1981
Unknown authors · 1981
Melatonin given daily for 90 days significantly reduced mammary tumor incidence from 79% in controls to 20% in treated rats. Pinealectomy at 20 days of age increased tumor incidence to 88% compared to 22% in controls. Melatonin partially reversed pinealectomy effects, reducing incidence from 87% to 63%. Plasma prolactin was significantly lower in melatonin-treated animals (27 ng/ml) versus vehicle-treated (65 ng/ml).
Robert A. Facey · 1980
W. A. Herman, D. M. Witters, Jr. · 1980
L.J. Habegger, J.R. Gasper, C.D. Brown · 1980
Committee on Man and Radiation (COMAR), IEEE · 1980
Jerry S. Stover · 1980
The author describes how solid-state technology transformed mobile radio equipment and paging in the 1970s. A single RF channel could serve 30 or 40 thousand pager users or 1500 voice messaging users in a metropolitan area. Equipment costs fell in real terms, with a mobile unit staying at $800 while car prices rose from $4,000 to $8,000, and a pager price fell from $300 to $150 with twice the battery life. The author cites a 1974 Department of Commerce estimate that three radio-equipped vehicles could do the work of five unequipped vehicles, saving a billion gallons of gasoline annually. However, the FCC's 1974 allocation of 115 MHz of new spectrum saw little implementation after six years.
M.A. Stuchly, S.S. Stuchly · 1980
The authors compiled dielectric property data from multiple sources into a single reference table. The table covers dielectric constant and loss factor for biological materials across frequencies from 10 KHz to 10 GHz. The authors note that many values were interpolated from graphs and are not very accurate.
C. F. Blackman et al. · 1980
Researchers exposed brain tissue from chicks to 147-MHz radiation amplitude modulated at 16 Hz or 9 Hz for 20 minutes. Control exposures to unmodulated carrier at 0.83 nW/cm² and to zero field-strength produced no significant differences between exposed and sham groups. Temperature control experiments showed efflux was 9% lower at 32°C and 15% higher at 41°C compared to 37°C.
