Eşmekaya MA, Seyhan N, Omeroğlu S. · 2010
Researchers exposed two-month-old male Wistar rats to 900 MHz pulse-modulated RF radiation at a SAR of 1.35 Watt/kg for 20 min/day for three weeks. The study examined thyroid gland tissue using light microscopy, electron microscopy, and immunohistochemical methods. Morphological analyses revealed hypothyrophy of the gland, and the results indicated that thyroid hormone secretion was inhibited by the RF radiation. Apoptotic bodies were observed, and caspase-3 and caspase-9 activities were increased in thyroid cells of exposed rats.
Bartsch H et al. · 2010
Researchers exposed unrestrained female Sprague-Dawley rats to a low-intensity GSM-like signal (900 MHz pulsed with 217 Hz, 100 µW/cm² average power flux density) across four experiments conducted from 1997 to 2008. In the life-long experiments, median survival was significantly shortened under RF-exposure by 9.06% (95% CI 2.7 to 15.0%) (p=0.0064), amounting to 72 days in experiment III and 77 days in experiment IV.
Augner C et al. · 2010
Researchers tested whether RF-EMF emitted by mobile phone base stations may affect salivary alpha-amylase, immunoglobulin A, and cortisol levels. Fifty-seven participants were randomly allocated to one of three experimental scenarios, and each participant went through five 50-minute exposure sessions. When exposure shifted from low to high in scenario 3, an increase of cortisol was detected, and IgA concentration was not significantly related to the exposure. The researchers suggested that RF-EMF in considerably lower field densities than ICNIRP guidelines may influence certain psychobiological stress markers.
Zhijian C et al. · 2010
Researchers used a comet assay to study whether 1.8-GHz radiofrequency radiation (RFR, SAR of 2 W/kg) could influence DNA repair in human B-cell lymphoblastoid cells exposed to doxorubicin (DOX). RFR alone did not directly induce DNA damage in the cells. A specific combined-exposure pattern could obviously influence DNA repair at 6 h and 12 h after exposure to DOX for four DOX doses.
Achudume A, Onibere B, Aina F, Tchokossa P · 2010
Researchers exposed male Wistar rats to radio frequency radiation at 1800 MHz with a specific absorption rate of 0.95 to 3.9 W/kg for 40 or 60 days continuously. At 40 days, electromagnetic radiation failed to induce any significant alterations. At 60 days of exposure, various attributes evaluated decreased, including decreases in NADPH and ascorbate-linked lipid peroxidation along with diminution in enzymatic antioxidative defense systems and decreased glucose residue.
Maskey D et al. · 2010
Researchers investigated the effect of 835-MHz radiofrequency exposure on rat hippocampus for 3 months using immunohistochemical methods. A decrease in calbindin immunoreactivity was observed in the exposed group, with loss of interneurons and pyramidal cells in the CA1 area and loss of granule cells. An overall increase in GFAP immunoreactivity was observed in the hippocampus of exposed rats, and apoptotic cells were detected in the CA1, CA3 areas and dentate gyrus.
Maskey D et al. · 2010
Researchers measured calbindin (CB) and calretinin (CR) expression in the hippocampus of mice after exposure to 835 MHz electromagnetic fields at various durations and absorption rates. Exposure conditions included 1 hour per day for 5 days at a specific absorption rate of 1.6 W/kg, 1 hour per day for 5 days at 4.0 W/kg, 5 hours per day for 1 day at 1.6 W/kg, 5 hours per day for 1 day at 4.0 W/kg, and daily exposure for 1 month at 1.6 W/kg. Exposure for 1 month produced almost complete loss of pyramidal cells in the CA1 area. Body weights did not change significantly across the exposure groups.
Söderqvist F, Hardell L, Carlberg M, Mild KH · 2010
Researchers proposed that transthyretin (TTR), a protein that sequesters amyloid-beta, might help explain findings related to radiofrequency exposure and Alzheimer's disease. In a provocation study on 41 persons exposed for 30 minutes to an 890-MHz GSM signal at 1.0 Watt/kg to the temporal area of the brain, serum TTR was found to be statistically significantly increased 60 minutes after exposure. In a cross-sectional study on 313 subjects, a statistically significantly positive association was found between serum TTR and time since first use of mobile phones and desktop cordless phones combined (P=0.03).
Xu S et al. · 2010
Researchers exposed primary cultured cortical neurons to pulsed radiofrequency electromagnetic fields at 1800 MHz modulated by 217 Hz at an average specific absorption rate of 2 W/kg. At 24 hours after exposure, researchers found a significant increase in levels of 8-hydroxyguanine, a common biomarker of DNA oxidative damage, in the mitochondria of neurons. The copy number of mitochondrial DNA and the levels of mitochondrial RNA transcripts showed an obvious reduction after RF exposure. Each of these mitochondrial DNA disturbances could be reversed by pretreatment with melatonin.
Guler G, Tomruk A, Ozgur E, Seyhan N. · 2010
Researchers investigated oxidative DNA damage and lipid peroxidation levels in the brain tissue of pregnant and non-pregnant New Zealand White rabbits and their newborns exposed to radiofrequency radiation. The rabbits were exposed to radiofrequency radiation at 1800 MHz GSM at 14 V/m for 15 minutes per day over 7 days. MDA and 8-OHdG levels in exposed pregnant and non-pregnant rabbits were significantly increased compared to controls, but no difference was found in the newborns.
Unknown authors · 2009
Researchers conducted a cytogenetic monitoring study on 55 workers from transformer and distribution line stations in Bursa, Turkey, and 17 controls. Chromosomal aberration and micronucleus frequencies were significantly higher in exposed workers than in controls. Chromosomal aberration frequency increased significantly with years of exposure. Smoking did not significantly affect chromosomal aberration or micronucleus levels in either group.
Unknown authors · 2009
The fourth course at the International School of Bioelectromagnetics addressed various aspects of the epidemiology of exposure to electromagnetic fields. The overview summarizes current knowledge on EMF exposure and disease risk, with emphasis on mobile phone use and brain tumours and power line exposure and childhood leukaemia. Sources of bias and error hamper straightforward conclusions in some areas, and improvements in study design and exposure assessment are necessary. The scientific evidence on possible long-term effects from ELF and RF fields is not strong enough to revise current protection limits based on known acute effects.
Unknown authors · 2009
The review found that long-term significant occupational exposure to ELF magnetic fields may certainly increase the risk of both Alzheimer's disease and breast cancer. Two biological processes, increased production of amyloid beta and decreased production of melatonin, are influenced by high long-term ELF magnetic field exposure and may lead to Alzheimer's disease. Decreased melatonin production may also lead to breast cancer. Exposures to radio frequency and extremely low frequency magnetic fields have similar biological consequences.
Unknown authors · 2009
Researchers built a movable reflecting wall to test human sensitivity to radio-frequency standing waves from a radio-TV tower. When the reflector moved, the standing-wave pattern shifted and changed the electromagnetic intensity in the test subject's body. A computer recorded hand-movement transducer signals and RF-meter readings from 100 MHz dipole antennas. Nine of the 29 adults showed hand-movement patterns that matched the RF-meter. Six participants showed responses that did not correlate with the RF-meter, and 14 participants showed no reaction.
Unknown authors · 2009
The paper reviews the impact of radiofrequency radiation from wireless telecommunications on wildlife. Electromagnetic radiation is described as a form of environmental pollution that may hurt wildlife. Phone masts continuously irradiate species that could suffer long-term effects including reduced natural defenses, health deterioration, reproduction problems, and habitat loss. Electromagnetic radiation can cause aversive behavioral responses in rats, bats, and birds such as sparrows. The review suggests microwave and radiofrequency pollution is a potential cause for animal population declines and plant health deterioration near phone masts.
Unknown authors · 2009
Unknown authors · 2009
The review states that electromagnetic fields in both extremely low frequency and radio frequency ranges activate the cellular stress response, inducing stress response genes such as HSP70 and increasing stress proteins like hsp70. The 20 stress protein families are evolutionarily conserved and act as chaperones that help repair and refold damaged proteins and transport them across cell membranes. Induction of the stress response involves DNA activation, and the same cellular pathways respond to both frequency ranges despite their large energy difference. Specific DNA sequences on the HSP70 promoter are responsive to EMF, and model systems suggest EMF could interact directly with electrons in DNA. Increasing EMF energy in the radio frequency range can lead to breaks in DNA strands.
Unknown authors · 2009
The paper reviews literature on electromagnetic field effects on reproductive organs and prenatal and postnatal development in vertebrate animals. Review articles published until 2001 covering the entire frequency range were surveyed, and experimental studies from 2001 onward were summarized. The review placed special focus on radiofrequencies related to mobile communication. The majority of investigations found no strong effects of mobile telephony EMF on animal reproduction and development.
Unknown authors · 2009
The review examined 101 publications that studied genotoxicity of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields in vivo and in vitro. Of these studies, 49 reported a genotoxic effect and 42 did not. Eight studies found that RF-EMF enhanced the genotoxic action of other chemical or physical agents without directly affecting genetic material. The author concluded there is ample evidence that RF-EMF can alter the genetic material of exposed cells in vivo and in vitro in more than one way.
Unknown authors · 2009
This report is the third update to the Royal Society of Canada review covering 2004 to 2007. It examined new data on dosimetry and exposure assessment, biological effects such as enzyme induction, and toxicological effects including genotoxicity and carcinogenicity. Investigators found no clear evidence of adverse health effects from RF fields but recommended continued research, especially on children's exposure.
Unknown authors · 2009
Researchers conducted a confirmation study to test whether 915 MHz radiofrequency radiation alters the blood-brain barrier in rats. Unanesthetized rats were exposed for 30 minutes to continuous-wave or modulated 915 MHz energy at whole-body SARs of 0.0018 to 20 W/kg. Albumin immunohistochemistry on perfused brain sections showed no significant increase in albumin extravasation in exposed rats compared to sham-exposed or home cage controls.
Unknown authors · 2009
Recent reviews report that firefighters have an increased risk of several cancers including leukemia, multiple myeloma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, male breast cancer, malignant melanoma, and cancers of the brain, stomach, colon, rectum, prostate, urinary bladder, testes, and thyroid. Respiratory system cancers are usually not increased in firefighters, unlike in workers exposed to known inhaled carcinogens. The pattern of cancers in firefighters strongly overlaps the pattern seen in workers exposed to electromagnetic fields and radiofrequency radiation.
Unknown authors · 2009
Researchers examined the feasibility of a cohort study on health risks from occupational radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure in Germany. They developed criteria covering exposure level and duration, cohort assembly, and disease endpoint ascertainment. Twenty occupational settings and amateur radio operators were reviewed, identifying broadcasting technicians, amateur radio operators, and dielectric heat sealer workers as promising. Further analysis found dielectric heat sealer workers infeasible due to small numbers and complex exposure assessment, while amateur radio operators had limited exposure assessment and broadcasting technicians were too few.
Unknown authors · 2009
Unknown authors · 2009
The effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields from mobile telephones on the human nervous system have been the subject of a large number of experimental studies in recent years. Some evidence indicates that GSM-type signals affect spontaneous EEG, but this is not corroborated by evoked potentials studies. No consistent significant effects on cognitive performance in adults were observed, and any effect appears small with exposure possibly improving performance. Short-term exposure to mobile phone signals does not influence hearing or balance, and provocation studies have not demonstrated a causal link between EMF exposure and subjective symptoms.
