EMF Research Studies

Whole-body exposures to radiofrequency-electromagnetic energy can cause DNA damage in mouse spermatozoa via an oxidative mechanism

Unknown authors · 2019

Microwaves from mobile phone induce reactive oxygen species but not DNA damage, preleukemic fusion genes and apoptosis in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells

Unknown authors · 2019

No persistent differences in DNA damage, preleukemic fusion genes, or apoptosis were found between exposed and sham-exposed samples. A transient increase in reactive oxygen species appeared after one hour of UMTS exposure but was not evident three hours later. The reactive oxygen species rise was greater with higher cellular differentiation.

Single-strand DNA breaks and oxidative changes in rat testes exposed to radiofrequency radiation emitted from cellular phones

Alkis MS, Akdag MZ, Dasdag S, Yegin K, Akpolat V · 2019

Researchers exposed rats to 900, 1800, and 2100 MHz radiofrequency radiation for 2 hours daily over 6 months. Exposure increased oxidative stress markers including TOS, OSI, MDA, and 8-OHdG, while decreasing total antioxidant status. DNA damage measured by comet assay showed higher tail intensities in exposed groups.

Transduction of the Geomagnetic Field as Evidenced from alpha-Band Activity in the Human Brain.

Wang CX et al. · 2019

Correlation between the Lunar Phase and Tail-Lifting Behavior of Lizards (Pogona vitticeps) Exposed to an Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Field.

Nishimura T, Tada H, Fukushima M. · 2019

Researchers studied tail-lifting behavior in bearded dragons (Pogona vitticeps) exposed to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields and compared them to a control group. They recorded daily tail lifts per lizard and analyzed them against lunar phase, geomagnetic K index, temperature, humidity, pressure, and month. In the ELF-EMF group, lizards responded to the full moon, while the control group did not. In the ELF-EMF group, tail lifts were higher on days with a higher K index in the first period (P = 0.07), but the control group showed no such tendency in either period. The authors suggest that ELF-EMF exposure may increase magnetic-field sensitivity in lizards.

The Effects of Mobile Phone Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields on β-Amyloid-Induced Oxidative Stress in Human and Rat Primary Astrocytes.

Tsoy A et al. · 2019

Weak magnetic fields alter stem cell-mediated growth.

Van Huizen AV et al. · 2019

Researchers used the planarian regeneration model to study weak magnetic field effects. Weak magnetic fields altered stem cell proliferation and differentiation through changes in ROS accumulation and Hsp70 expression. The field strength determined whether weak magnetic fields increased or decreased new tissue formation.

Effects of single- and hybrid-frequency extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field stimulations on long-term potentiation in the hippocampal Schaffer collateral pathway.

Zheng Y, Ma XX, Dong L, Gao Y, Tian L. · 2019

Researchers applied single- and hybrid-frequency magnetic fields with an intensity of 1 mT to rat hippocampal slices in vitro to study effects on long-term potentiation (LTP) in synaptic plasticity. The amplitude of fEPSPs decreased significantly under both single- and hybrid-frequency magnetic stimulation. The 15-Hz single-frequency stimulation showed the most significant regulatory effect, but mixing it with higher frequencies significantly weakened that effect. The regulating effect among four different hybrid-frequency ELF-EMF stimulations on LTP showed no significant differences.

Effects of 5-HT1 and 5-HT 2 Receptor Agonists on Electromagnetic Field-Induced Analgesia in Rats.

Ozdemir E, Demirkazik A, Taskıran AS, Arslan G. · 2019

Researchers exposed 66 adult male Wistar albino rats to alternating 50 Hz and 5 mT EMF for 2 hours a day for 15 days, then injected serotonin receptor agonists or antagonists before analgesia tests. Administration of serotonin HCl to MF-exposed rats produced a significant increase in percent maximal possible effect compared with the EMF group. Injection of WAY 100635 to MF-exposed rats produced a significant decrease in analgesic activity, while DOI hydrochloride significantly increased % MPE values compared with the EMF group. The researchers suggested that serotonin 5-HT1 and 5-HT2 receptors play an important role in EMF-induced analgesia, but noted that further research studies are necessary to understand the mechanism.

Effects of 50 Hz magnetic fields on circadian rhythm control in mice.

Lundberg L, Sienkiewicz Z, Anthony DC, Broom KA. · 2019

Researchers exposed male C57BL/6J mice for 30 min to 50 Hz magnetic fields at 580 μT, blue LED light at 700 lux, both, or neither, to test whether power frequency magnetic fields can influence circadian rhythm control. The magnetic fields did not modulate the response to light and had no significant effect on adrenal markers on their own, though they were associated with a decrease in locomotor activity (P < 0.03). Gene expression of cry1 and cry2 in the adrenals, liver, and hippocampus was not affected by any of the exposures (P > 0.05).

Effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields on learning and memory abilities of STZ-induced dementia rats.

Li Y, Zhang Y, Wang W, Zhang Y, Yu Y, Cheing GL, Pan W. · 2019

Researchers allocated forty Sprague-Dawley rats to four groups, including an STZ-induced dementia group exposed to pulsed EMF at 10 mT and 20 Hz. The Morris water maze was used to assess learning and memory abilities, and IGF-1 and IGF-2 gene expression were measured by quantitative PCR. Mean escape latency was reduced by 66%, swimming distance decreased by 55%, and time for first crossing the platform decreased by 41.6% in the pulsed EMF group compared with the STZ group. IGF-2 gene expression significantly increased in the pulsed EMF group compared with the STZ group.

A comparative study on influences of static electric field and power frequency electric field on cognition in mice.

Di G, Kim H, Xu Y, Kim J, Gu X. · 2019

Researchers exposed mice to a static electric field (SEF) and a power frequency electric field (PFEF), each at 35 kV/m, for 49 days. The study found that a 35 kV/m SEF did not cause significant influences on learning and memory ability in mice, while a 35 kV/m PFEF caused significant positive effects on learning and memory ability on day 33. Behaviors were assessed using the Morris water maze test, and amino acid neurotransmitter levels in the hippocampus were examined during exposure.

Effect of 900-, 1800-, and 2100-MHz radiofrequency radiation on DNA and oxidative stress in brain

Alkis ME et al. · 2019

Researchers exposed male Sprague Dawley rats to radiofrequency radiation at 900, 1800, or 2100 MHz for 2 hours per day for 6 months to study DNA damage and oxidative stress in blood and brain tissue. DNA damage and oxidative stress indicators were found higher in the radiofrequency radiation exposure groups than in the sham-control group. The researchers concluded that 900-, 1800-, and 2100-MHz radiofrequency radiation may cause oxidative damage, induce an increase in lipid peroxidation, and increase oxidative DNA damage in the frontal lobe of rat brain tissues, and that 2100-MHz radiation may cause formation of DNA single-strand breaks.

Long - term exposure of cockroach Blaptica dubia (Insecta: Blaberidae) nymphs to magnetic fields of different characteristics: Effects on antioxidant biomarkers and nymphal gut mass.

Todorović D et al. · 2019

Researchers exposed one-month-old cockroach Blaptica dubia nymphs to magnetic fields for 5 months across three groups: a control group, a static magnetic field (SMF) group at 110 mT, and an extremely low-frequency magnetic field (ELF MF) group at 50 Hz and 10 mT. Gut masses were significantly lower in both magnetic field groups compared to the control. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities were markedly higher than in the control, while glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities were significantly lower in both magnetic field groups. The applied magnetic fields were considered a potential stressor influencing gut mass and the examined antioxidant biomarkers.

High-voltage electrostatic field-induced oxidative stress: Characterization of the physiological effects in Sitobion avenae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) across multiple generations.

Luo K, Luo C, Li G, Yao X, Gao R, Hu Z, Zhang G, Zhao H. · 2019

Researchers studied how a high-voltage electrostatic field (HVEF) affected antioxidant enzyme activity and metabolic rate in the wheat aphid Sitobion avenae over multiple generations. Direct exposure of aphids and wheat seeds to a 2- or 4-kV/cm HVEF for 20 minutes resulted in significantly increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the sixth, 11th, 16th, and 21st generations, but significantly decreased SOD activity in the second generation. Catalase and peroxidase activities showed significant decreases across multiple generations, and exposure to the 4-kV/cm HVEF for 20 min also significantly decreased the aphids' metabolic rates.

Biochemical and biomolecular effects induced by a static magnetic field in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Evidence for oxidative stress.

Kthiri A, Hidouri S, Wiem T, Jeridi R, Sheehan D, Landouls A · 2019

Researchers investigated whether an applied static magnetic field could induce biological effects on the growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and probed biochemical and biomolecular responses. There was a decrease in growth and viability under SMF, with a significant decrease in colony forming units after 6 hours, followed by an increase between 6 and 9 hours. SOD and catalase activities increased in magnetized cultures after 9 hours compared with unexposed samples, while glutathione peroxidase activity decreased. SMF caused an increase in MDA levels as well as the content of protein carbonyl groups after 6 and 9 hours of exposure.

Effects of exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields on spatial and passive avoidance learning and memory, anxiety-like behavior and oxidative stress in male rats.

Karimi SA, Salehi I, Shykhi T, Zare S, Komaki A. · 2019

Seventy-two adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into a control group, a sham exposure group, and ELF-EMF exposure groups at 1, 100, 500, and 2000 μT. After 60 days of exposure at 2 hours per day, researchers assessed anxiety-like behavior, spatial learning and memory, passive avoidance learning, and oxidative stress markers. Rats in the 100 and 2000 μT groups spent more time in the target zone during the spatial reference memory test. The researchers suggested that ELF-EMF exposure may improve memory retention but not acquisition, and may contribute to anxiety or oxidative stress.

Electromagnetic radiation from power lines and phone masts poses 'credible' threat to wildlife, report finds

Unknown authors · 2018

Ambient electromagnetic field levels have risen sharply in the last 80 years, creating a novel energetic exposure that previously did not exist. Biological effects have been seen broadly across all taxa and frequencies at vanishingly low intensities comparable to today's ambient exposures. Broad wildlife effects have been seen on orientation and migration, food finding, reproduction, mating, nest and den building, territorial maintenance and defense, and longevity and survivorship. Cyto- and geno-toxic effects have been observed.

The impacts of artificial Electromagnetic Radiation on wildlife (flora and fauna)

Malkemper EP et al. · 2018

Department of Health and Human Services. 384 pp

NTP 2018. NTP Technical Report on the Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies in Hsd:Sprague Dawley SD Rats exposed to Whole-body Radio Frequency Radiation at a Frequency (900 MHz) and Modulations (GSM and CDMA) used by Cell Phones. National Toxicology Program et al. · 2018

Wi-Fi is an important threat to human health

Unknown authors · 2018

Repeated Wi-Fi studies show that Wi-Fi causes oxidative stress, sperm/testicular damage, neuropsychiatric effects including EEG changes, apoptosis, cellular DNA damage, endocrine changes, and calcium overload. Each of these effects are also caused by exposures to other microwave frequency EMFs, with each such effect being documented in from 10 to 16 reviews. The author states that voltage-gated calcium channel activation is the predominant mechanism of action for these EMF effects.

Review: Biological and pathological effects of 2.45 GHz radiation on cells, fertility, brain, and behavior. umwelt • medizin • gesellschaft

Unknown authors · 2018

Telecommunication devices use, screen time and sleep in adolescents

Cabre-Riera A et al. · 2018

Researchers conducted a cross-sectional study of adolescents aged 17–18 years from a Spanish birth cohort established in Menorca in 1997–1998. Subjective sleep was assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in 226 participants and objective sleep with ActiGraph wGT3X-BT for 7 nights in 110 participants. One or more cordless phone calls per week was associated with lower sleep quality (PR 1.30, 95% CI 1.04–1.62). Habitual and frequent problematic mobile phone use were associated with lower sleep quality (PR 1.55 and 1.67). Higher tablet use was linked to decreased sleep efficiency and increased wake time after sleep onset per 10 minutes per day of use.

National data showed that delayed sleep in six-year-old children was associated with excessive use of electronic devices at 12 years

Kato T, Yorifuii T, Yamakawa M, Inoue S · 2018

Researchers analyzed 9607 adolescents who owned mobile phones in 2013 using a Japanese longitudinal survey that began in 2001. The study examined delayed bedtime at age six and excessive use of mobile phones, television, and video games at age twelve. Delayed bedtime at age six was associated with excessive texting at weekends, with adjusted odds ratios of 1.88 for the 10–11 pm group and 1.98 for the after 11 pm group compared to the before 9 pm group. Later bedtimes were also associated with increased risks of excessive television viewing and video game use.

A prospective cohort study of adolescents' memory performance and individual brain dose of microwave radiation from wireless communication

Foerster et al · 2018

Researchers modeled RF-EMF brain dose for each participant and tracked verbal and figural memory score changes over one year using multivariable linear regression. Higher cumulative RF-EMF brain dose was associated with decreased figural memory scores in the whole sample and more strongly in right-side phone users. Media use unrelated to RF-EMF showed no significant associations with memory changes.