Belpomme et al · 2018
The review presents strong evidence that excessive exposure to mobile phone frequencies over long periods increases brain cancer risk in humans and animals. In vivo and in vitro studies demonstrate adverse effects on male and female reproduction, almost certainly due to reactive oxygen species generation. Current standards set by most national and international bodies are not protective of human health.
Unknown authors · 2018
Zuo H, Liu X, Wang D, Li Y, Xu X, Peng R, Song T · 2018
Researchers established an AD rat model using D-galactose and Aβ25-35 injections and exposed the rats to 50 Hz, 400 µT ELF-MF for 60 days. Spatial memory was assessed with the Morris water maze. Protein expression and interactions in the RKIP-mediated NF-κB pathway were measured by western blotting and co-immunoprecipitation. ELF-MF exposure partially improved cognitive disorder, increased RKIP, TAK1, and RKIP/TAK1 interaction, and decreased p-IKK levels. The authors concluded that RKIP-mediated NF-κB signaling plays an important role in the ELF-MF-mediated improvements.
Zhang X-Q, Li L, Huo J-T, Cheng M, Li L-H · 2018
Researchers created a rat model of vascular dementia using two-vessel occlusion. Two days after injury, they applied 30 pulses of rTMS to each hemisphere at 0.5 Hz and 1.33 T for 30 days. Learning and memory were assessed with the Morris water maze test. The treatment improved learning and memory, increased cholinergic neuron density, and increased BDNF-immunoreactive cells.
Wang L, Yang J, Wang F, Zhou P, Wang K , Ming D · 2018
Researchers established a depression rat model using chronic unpredictable stress. Rats were exposed to low-frequency pulsed magnetic field at 1 Hz and 20 mT for 14 days, one hour per day. They assessed behavior with the elevated plus-maze test and recorded hippocampal local field potentials. Analysis used sample entropy, phase locked value, and phase-amplitude coupling modulation index. LFPMF significantly relieved depression-like behaviors and improved identical-frequency synchronization and theta-gamma phase-amplitude coupling.
Unknown authors · 2018
Psychomotility was assessed in an open field, attention in novel object recognition, and spatial learning in the Morris water maze. EMF stimulation increased vertical rearing activity in the open field, improved attention-based discrimination in novel object recognition, and facilitated working memory spatial learning in the water maze. No undesirable side effects were observed even at the highest dose.
Unknown authors · 2018
The study aimed to investigate the effect of static magnetic fields on epileptiform cortical activity. The first experiment used a pilocarpine rat model with a 0.5 T magnet or sham placed over the skull. The second experiment recorded epileptic-like activity in the visual cortex of a monkey under control and magnet conditions. In rats, seizure-like events appeared after 1–2 hours with the magnet versus 15–30 minutes in controls, and in the monkey the magnet reduced abnormal activity.
Dong L, Zheng Y, Li ZY, Li G, Lin L · 2018
Researchers developed a novel patch-clamp setup for on-line LF-EMF stimulation. They applied magnetic fields of 0.5, 1, and 2 mT at 15, 50, and 100 Hz to study effects on synaptic plasticity. The slope of field excitatory postsynaptic potentials decreased significantly under priming on-line uninterrupted or pulsed sinusoidal LF-EMF stimulation. The study investigated whether LF-EMFs can induce long-term potentiation in male Sprague-Dawley rat hippocampal slices in vitro. Results showed that 100 Hz pulsed sinusoidal LF-EMFs acts only as a modulator, not an inducer of long-term potentiation.
Unknown authors · 2018
Sun C, Wei X, Yimaer A, Xu Z, Chen G · 2018
Researchers investigated the effects of 50 Hz magnetic fields on DNA damage in ATM-proficient and ATM-deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Cells were exposed to 50 Hz magnetic fields at 2.0 mT for 15 minutes, 1 hour, or 24 hours. No significant differences in γH2AX foci number or percentage of positive cells were found between sham and exposed groups for ATM-proficient cells. Extending exposure to 1 or 24 hours also did not significantly change γH2AX foci formation in ATM-proficient cells, and similar results were seen in ATM-deficient cells. Additionally, 50 Hz magnetic field exposure did not significantly influence DNA fragmentation, cell viability, or cell cycle progression in either cell type.
Unknown authors · 2018
Single or repetitive exposure to a 6 mT, 60 Hz uniform electromagnetic field did not induce DNA damage or affect cell viability in HeLa and primary IMR-90 fibroblasts. Continuous exposure promoted cell proliferation, with cell viability increasing 24.4% for HeLa and 15.2% for IMR-90 cells after 168 hours of total exposure. The proliferative effect was reversible, as cell proliferation slowed to unexposed levels when the field was removed. Intracellular reactive oxygen species levels decreased and phosphorylation of Akt and Erk1/2 increased, suggesting reduced ROS plays a role in the increased proliferation.
Unknown authors · 2018
The study investigated the effects of low-frequency PEMF pretreatment on bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and their ability to promote regeneration of a crush-injured rat mental nerve using in vitro and in vivo experiments. In vitro, PEMF-pretreated BMSCs proliferated faster and showed greater mRNA expression of growth factors compared with unpretreated BMSCs. In vivo, rats receiving PEMF-pretreated BMSCs had higher myelinated axon counts, greater axon density, more DiI-labeled neurons in the trigeminal ganglia, and faster functional recovery than those receiving unpretreated BMSCs.
Unknown authors · 2018
Unknown authors · 2018
Researchers exposed human mesenchymal stromal cells to 5 Hz, 0.4 mT ELF-EMF for 20 minutes per day, three times per week for two weeks. They then assayed cell viability, proliferation rates, and chromosome breaks. The analysis showed no cytotoxicity and no chromosome breaks, indicating no genotoxicity.
Unknown authors · 2018
Researchers exposed cultured neonatal human retinal pigment epithelial cells to pulsed electromagnetic fields at 1 mT and 50 Hz for 8 hours daily over 3 days. They assessed cell proliferation, cell death, protein expression of RPE65, PAX6, nestin, and cytokeratin 8/18, and gene expression of NES, PAX6, RPE65, and ACTA2. Exposed cells showed no significant changes in cytomorphology, proliferation, or death. Protein expression of PAX6 decreased while RPE65, cytokeratin 8/18, and nestin remained unchanged. Gene expression of NES, RPE65, and PAX6 decreased, while ACTA2 did not change significantly.
Unknown authors · 2018
Simulated microgravity lowered hypertrophy but also the chondrogenic potential of hMSCs. Combined LF-EMF and SMG provided a rescue effect of the chondrogenic potential of hMSCs. No LF-EMF effect was observed under optimal conditions.
Unknown authors · 2018
Researchers exposed 80 male rats to extremely low frequency (50 Hz) electromagnetic fields at magnetic flux intensities of 1, 100, 500, and 2,000 μT and a control. All rats were immunized with human serum albumin after 1 month of exposure and the experiment continued for another 1 month. Thymus weight significantly declined at intensity of 2,000 μT. At the preimmunization phase, serum IL-17 and TGF-β levels were significantly decreased at intensities of 1 and 100 μT. Foxp3 expression was also downregulated at intensities of 1 and 100 μT.
Unknown authors · 2018
Researchers tested PEMF (Physio-Stim®) on human bone marrow macrophages differentiated to osteoclasts. PEMF had striking inhibitory effects on osteoclast formation from both younger and older women. Gene expression changes were significantly greater in cells from older women. All identified genes were upregulated and were mesenchymal or osteoblastic genes including TGF-β pathway, extracellular matrix proteins, RANKL and osteoprotegerin. Researchers suggest PEMF inhibits osteoclast formation via action on osteoblasts and may be effective for bone mass maintenance in osteoporosis.
Fan W, Huang Z, Fan B · 2018
Researchers evaluated the antibacterial activity of prolonged exposure to moderate static magnetic field (170 mT) and its synergistic activity with alkaline pH (pH = 9) on Enterococcus faecalis. Biofilm formation was examined by crystal violet assay and gene expression of stress and virulence genes was measured by real-time quantitative PCR. Cell proliferation was inhibited after 120 hours of SMF exposure alone. The combined SMF and alkaline pH treatment showed significantly improved antimicrobial action compared to single treatments after 24 and 72 hours respectively. Biofilm formation was enhanced under both SMF and alkaline pH treatments, and SMF up-regulated stress gene dnaK and virulence genes efaA and ace while combined exposure up-regulated additional genes groEL, gelE, and fsrC.
Unknown authors · 2018
Unknown authors · 2018
Unknown authors · 2018
Researchers exposed 5xFAD mice to 1950 MHz RF-EMF at a specific absorption rate of 5.0 W/kg for 2 h/day and 5 days/week for 8 months. Behavioral changes were assessed using an open field test and an object recognition memory task after exposure ended. RF exposure rescued hyperactivity-like and anxiolytic behaviors in the open field test and improved cognitive deficits in the object recognition memory test. Glucose metabolism in the hippocampus and amygdala was significantly increased in RF-exposed mice compared to sham-exposed mice.
Keleş AI et al. · 2018
Histopathological examination revealed impairments of pyramidal and granular cell structures in the hippocampus of exposed rats. No significant differences were found in learning, memory, or locomotor behavior among the groups.
Unknown authors · 2018
The study exposed primary cultured astrocytes, microglia, and cortical neurons to RF-EMF at a SAR of 4.0 W/kg. DNA damage was assessed using γH2AX foci formation, cytokine secretion by ELISA, microglial phagocytosis by phagocytosis assay, and neuronal development by immunofluorescent staining for specific proteins. RF-EMF exposure did not significantly induce γH2AX foci formation in the three neurogenic cell types. Cytokine secretion in astrocytes and microglia and dendritic or synaptic morphology in cortical neurons were not significantly affected. However, microglial phagocytic activity was significantly reduced and cortical neuron axon branch length and number were significantly inhibited.
Unknown authors · 2018
Researchers exposed S. aureus, S. epidermidis, and P. aeruginosa to 900 and 1800 MHz electromagnetic fields for 2 hours and then measured growth rate and antibiotic susceptibility. DNA analysis showed no difference between exposed and non-exposed S. aureus and S. epidermidis. Exposure to 900 MHz significantly reduced growth of P. aeruginosa, while 1800 MHz had no significant effect. S. aureus and S. epidermidis growth was mostly unaffected except for S. aureus at 900 MHz after 12 hours. Antibiotic susceptibility was unchanged by electromagnetic fields except for S. aureus treated with amoxicillin.
