Ingole IV, Ghosh SK. · 2012
Researchers exposed chick embryos to radiofrequency radiation emitted by a cell phone by varying the duration of exposure to create different doses. Light microscopic examination revealed that developing dorsal root ganglion neurons suffered damage that was dose dependent. The damage persisted even when exposure-free periods were given between exposures.
Hutter HP, Ehrenhöfer L, Freuis E, Hartl P, Kundi M. · 2012
Researchers studied 119 heterosexual couples who each completed questionnaires about their own mobile phone use and their partner's use. Overall agreement between self and proxy reports was poor to moderate, with a concordance coefficient of 0.55 for duration of use. The only item with good agreement was whether a prepaid phone was used, while agreement on the side of the head the phone was held during calls was poorest and only slightly better than chance.
Hässig M, Jud F, Spiess B. · 2012
Researchers examined a dairy farm where many calves were born with nuclear cataracts after a mobile phone base station was erected near the barn. Calves born there had a 3.5 times higher risk of heavy cataract compared to the Swiss average. The investigators excluded usual causes such as infection or poisoning, but the real cause of the increased incidence remains unknown.
Hardell L, Carlberg M. · 2012
Researchers analyzed survival of glioma patients in relation to wireless phone use. For glioma overall, wireless phone use gave a hazard ratio of 1.1, and with more than 10-year latency the hazard ratio was 1.2. Low-grade astrocytoma showed a hazard ratio of 0.5, while glioblastoma showed a hazard ratio of 1.1, increasing to 1.3 with long latency. In the highest cumulative use tertile (>426 hours), glioblastoma hazard ratio was 1.2. The study included 1,251 malignant brain tumor cases diagnosed 1997–2003, followed until May 2012.
Han YY et al. · 2012
Researchers compared 343 vestibular schwannoma patients to 343 matched controls and assessed their exposure to medical radiation and wireless phones. After adjusting for multiple factors, dental x-rays once a year (aOR = 2.27, 95% CI = 1.01-5.09) or every 2-5 years (aOR = 2.65, 95% CI = 1.20-5.85) were associated with higher vestibular schwannoma risk compared to less frequent exposure. Head or head-and-neck CT radiation exposure was associated with reduced risk (aOR = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.30-0.90). No association was found between cell phone or cordless phone use and vestibular schwannoma.
Gultekin DH, Moeller L. · 2012
Researchers described a method for measuring absorbed electromagnetic energy from cell phone antennae into ex vivo brain tissue. The method uses NMR thermometry to measure temperature increases via resonance frequency shifts of hydrogen protons. NMR imaging revealed 3D thermal dynamics in ex vivo bovine brain tissue and gel under varying RF fields. Specific absorption rate measurements averaged over 1 mg and 10 s covered the total absorption volume. Fiber optic temperature sensors confirmed the accuracy of the NMR thermometry.
Fattahi-Asl J et al. · 2012
Fifty human serum wells from 25 normal healthy donors were labeled with ruthenium for an immunoassay and placed into two batches. The first batch was exposed to 900 MHz radiation from a Nokia 1202 cell phone in speech mode for 30 minutes. Ferritin levels in the exposed batch averaged 84.94 ± 1.04 μg/L versus 87.25 ± 0.83 μg/L in the unexposed batch, a significant decrease (P = 0.029).
Eskander EF, Estefan SF, Abd-Rabou AA. · 2012
Researchers assessed the role of exposure to radio frequency radiation from mobiles or base stations on human hormone profiles. The study showed significant decreases in volunteers' ACTH, cortisol, thyroid hormones, prolactin for young females, and testosterone levels.
El Kholy SE, El Husseiny EM. · 2012
Researchers exposed fruit flies to electromagnetic fields from four electrical devices and measured fecundity, learning, memory, movement speed, and whole-body proteins. Adult fecundity showed no significant change, while larval learning and memory were altered, particularly after mobile phone exposure.
El-Bediwi AB, Saad M, El-Kott AF, Eid E. · 2012
Researchers investigated the effects of mobile phone electromagnetic radiation on blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, hemolysis, osmotic fragility, and blood components in rats. Red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets were broken after exposure. Blood viscosity and plasma viscosity values increased while osmotic fragility value decreased after exposure.
Celikozlu SD et al. · 2012
Researchers exposed rats to magnetic fields via cell phones during prenatal and postnatal periods until the rats were 80 days old. The study measured blood parameters and neurons in the brain of rats. Magnetic field exposure decreased pyramidal neuron numbers 51.15% and increased ischemic neuron numbers 73% at the cortex region of the brain. In the hippocampus, magnetic fields increased the amount of ischemic neurons three-fold compared to the control, while hippocampal pyramidal cell numbers were not affected.
Celik S, Aridogan IA, Izol V, Erdoğan S, Polat S, Doran S. · 2012
Researchers placed Wistar-Kyoto male rats into a control group with inactive cell phones and an experimental group with active cell phones for three months. No significant differences were found in testis weight, seminiferous tubule diameter, or histopathological evaluation between the groups. Electron microscopy showed increased membrana propria thickness, increased collagen fibers, extended capillary veins, vacuolization in Sertoli cells, electron-dense structures, and large lipid droplets in the exposed rats.
Carlberg M, Hardell L. · 2012
Researchers conducted two case-control studies on brain tumours diagnosed from 1997 to 2003, including living cases and controls aged 20 to 80 and an additional study on deceased cases. Pooled results showed ipsilateral mobile phone use for more than 10 years gave an odds ratio of 2.9 (95% CI 1.8-4.7) and cordless phone use gave an odds ratio of 3.8 (95% CI 1.8-8.1), and the odds ratio increased significantly with each 100 hours of cumulative wireless phone use and each year of latency. High-grade glioma showed ipsilateral mobile phone OR 3.9 (95% CI 2.3-6.6) and cordless phone OR 5.5 (95% CI 2.3-13); heredity gave OR 3.4 (95% CI 2.1-5.5) with no interaction, and head X-ray gave OR 1.3 (95% CI 1.1-1.7) without interaction.
Briggs D, Beale L, Bennett J, Toledano MB, de Hoogh K. · 2012
Researchers developed and field-validated a GIS-based exposure model called Geomorf to estimate radio-frequency power density around mobile phone masts. The model uses a modified Gaussian formulation based on power output, antenna height, tilt, and the surrounding propagation environment, with a visibility function for topographic obstruction. Calibration used field data from 151 rural measurement sites with 1510 antenna-specific measurements and 50 urban sites with 658 antenna-specific measurements. Different parameter settings were needed for urban and rural areas to achieve optimum results.
Bortkiewicz A, Gadzicka E, Szymczak W, Zmyślony M. · 2012
Heart rate was higher in exposed groups than in controls. Both exposed groups showed significantly higher VLF and LF values than controls and exhibited sympathetic dominance with LF/HF ratio of 1.3 ± 0.35. The authors concluded that radiofrequency EMF exposure may affect neurovegetative regulation.
Bortkiewicz A et al. · 2012
The study surveyed 181 men and 319 women from 500 households in five regions of Łódź, measuring electric fields in flats near base stations. Electric field strength above 0.8 V/m was found in 12 % of flats, and no significant correlation was observed between field strength and distance from the base stations. Headache was reported by 57 % of participants, most often by those living 100–150 m from a base station (p=0.013), while impaired memory was reported by 24.4 % of participants, mainly by those living farther than 150 m (p=0.004). The authors noted that the lack of correlation between measured electric field strength and symptoms, contrasted with distance-related symptom patterns, suggests new exposure metrics may be needed.
Baste V, Moen BE, Oftedal G, Strand LA, Bjørge L, Mild KH. · 2012
The study was a cohort study of Royal Norwegian Navy servicemen linked to the Medical Birth Registry of Norway, including singleton offspring born between 1967 and 2008 (n = 37,920). Exposure during the last 3 months before conception (acute) and exposure more than 3 months before conception (nonacute) were analyzed. Perinatal mortality and preeclampsia increased after service aboard fast patrol boats during an acute period and also after increased estimated radiofrequency exposure during an acute period, compared with service aboard other vessels. No associations were found between nonacute exposure and any of the reproductive outcomes.
Baliatsas C, Van Kamp I, Lebret E, Rubin GJ. · 2012
Avendaño C, Mata A, Sanchez Sarmiento CA, Doncel GF. · 2012
Researchers exposed sperm from 29 healthy donors to a Wi-Fi-connected laptop for four hours. Exposed sperm had significantly lower progressive motility and more DNA fragmentation than unexposed sperm. Sperm viability did not differ between groups.
Asbridge M, Brubacher JR · 2012
The study compared 312 drivers in crashes with police-reported cell phone use to 936 propensity-matched drivers without cell phone use. Cell phone use was associated with an odds ratio of 1.70 for crash culpability. The association remained after adjustment for matching variables and other covariates. Subgroup analyses showed the association for male drivers, unimpaired drivers, injured and non-injured drivers, and drivers aged 26 to 65 years.
Alhusseiny A, Al-Nimer M, Majeed A. · 2012
Researchers studied 356 participants (129 males, 227 females) grouped into healthy subjects, patients with ischemic heart disease, and patients with other cardiac diseases. ECGs were recorded with the phone off and then on for 40 seconds of ringing at belt level and over the precordium. These changes were not observed in female patients with ischemic heart disease.
Al-Damegh MA. · 2012
The study exposed rats to an electromagnetic field for 15, 30, and 60 minutes daily over two weeks, with some groups receiving vitamin C (40 mg/kg/day) or vitamin E (2.7 mg/kg/day). Electromagnetic exposure significantly increased seminiferous tubule diameter and caused disorganized sperm cycle interruption. It also raised serum and testicular conjugated diene, lipid hydroperoxide, and catalase activities threefold while decreasing glutathione and glutathione peroxidase levels three to fivefold. The authors concluded that the electromagnetic frequency negatively affected testicular architecture and enzymatic activity and that vitamins C and E may mitigate oxidative stress and restore normality.
Cam ST, Seyhan N. · 2012
Researchers collected hair samples from eight healthy human subjects before and after they used a 900-MHz GSM mobile phone for 15 and 30 minutes. Single-strand DNA breaks in hair root cells were measured using the comet assay. Both exposure durations significantly increased DNA single-strand breaks, and the 30-minute exposure caused significantly more damage than the 15-minute exposure.
Singh HP, Sharma VP, Batish DR, Kohli RK. · 2012
Researchers investigated the biochemical mechanism of 900 MHz cell phone electromagnetic field radiation interference with root formation in mung bean hypocotyls. Exposure enhanced protease, polyphenol oxidase, and peroxidase activities in hypocotyls compared to controls. Exposure also increased malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide, and proline content, indicating reactive oxygen species-mediated oxidative damage. Antioxidant enzyme activities including superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, guaiacol peroxidase, catalase, and glutathione reductase were upregulated, suggesting a protective role against oxidative damage. The study concluded that cell phone radiations affect rhizogenesis through biochemical alterations manifesting as oxidative damage resulting in root impairment.
Oksay T, Naziroğlu M, Doğan S, Güzel A, Gümral N, Koşar PA. · 2012
Thirty-two rats were equally divided into four groups: cage control, sham control, 2.45-GHz EMR exposure, and 2.45-GHz EMR plus melatonin. Rats in the EMR groups were exposed to 2.45-GHz EMR for 60 minutes per day for 30 days. EMR exposure increased lipid peroxidation and decreased vitamins A and E in the testis. Melatonin treatment prevented the rise in lipid peroxidation and the drop in vitamin E.
