Kesari KK, Behari J. · 2012
Seventy-day-old Wistar rats were exposed to mobile phone radiofrequency radiation for two hours per day for 45 days and compared with a sham-exposed group. RF-exposed animals had a significant decrease in testosterone and an increase in caspase-3 activity. Distortions in sperm head and mid piece of sperm mitochondrial sheath were observed via transmission electron microscopy. Progeny from RF-exposed rats showed significant decreases in number and weight compared to sham-exposed animals.
Ceyhan AM et al. · 2012
Thirty-two male Wistar albino rats were divided into control, sham, electromagnetic radiation, and radiation plus β-glucan groups. Rats in the radiation groups were exposed to a 2.45-GHz field for 60 minutes daily over four weeks, and β-glucan was given at 50 mg/kg/day by gavage before each exposure. Radiation increased malondialdehyde and catalase activity and decreased superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities, while β-glucan significantly reversed the malondialdehyde rise and the superoxide dismutase drop, with non-significant effects on catalase and glutathione peroxidase.
Di S et al. · 2012
Martínez-Sámano J et al. · 2012
Researchers arranged male Wistar rats into four groups: control, EMF exposed, movement restrained, and EMF plus movement restraint for two hours. Acute EMF exposure reduced catalase and superoxide dismutase activities in the brain. Acute EMF exposure did not elevate plasma corticosterone but impaired antioxidant status in the brain.
Cho H, Seo YK, Yoon HH, Kim SC, Kim SM, Song KY, Park JK. · 2012
Researchers exposed human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields for 12 days. The exposure inhibited cell growth and changed gene expression levels. The neural stem cell marker nestin decreased while neural cell markers MAP2, NEUROD1, NF-L, and Tau increased. Immunofluorescence confirmed neural cell protein expression including oligodendrocyte marker O4 and astrocyte marker GFAP.
Vecchio F et al. · 2012
Eyes-closed resting EEG data were recorded in ten patients affected by focal epilepsy in real and sham exposure conditions and compared with 15 age-matched normal subjects from previous reference studies. The GSM device was turned on for 45 minutes in the GSM condition and off for 45 minutes in the sham condition, with the phone always on the left side. Spectral coherence evaluated inter-hemispheric synchronization across delta, theta, and alpha sub-bands. Compared with controls, epileptic patients showed significantly higher inter-hemispheric coherence of temporal and frontal alpha rhythms in the GSM condition versus sham. The authors suggest that GSM electromagnetic fields may affect inter-hemispheric alpha synchronization in epileptic patients.
Vecchio F et al. · 2012
Eleven healthy adults underwent two EEG sessions one week apart in a crossover, placebo-controlled, double-blind paradigm. In each session, participants performed a visual go/no-go task before the real GSM exposure or after the sham condition. During the real GSM session, the temporal cortex was continuously exposed to GSM-EMFs for 45 min. High-frequency alpha rhythm power decrease was reduced and reaction times to go stimuli were faster after GSM exposure compared to before.
Jing J, Yuhua Z, Xiao-qian Y, Rongping J, Dong-mei G, Xi C. · 2012
Thirty-two pregnant rats were divided into four groups, with three groups receiving microwave radiation for 10, 30, or 60 minutes three times daily from the first day of pregnancy for 20 days. In the 30-minute and 60-minute exposure groups, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase decreased while malondialdehyde increased compared with controls. Noradrenaline and dopamine levels increased in the 10-minute exposure group but decreased in the 60-minute exposure group. The authors concluded that prenatal microwave radiation from cellular phones has certain harm on fetal rat brains.
Divan HA, Kheifets L, Obel C, Olsen J · 2012
Researchers analyzed a new dataset of DNBC children to see if a larger group would produce similar results after considering additional confounders. The highest odds ratio for behavioral problems was observed in children with both prenatal and postnatal cell phone exposure compared to unexposed children, with an adjusted effect estimate of 1.5 (95% CI 1.4 to 1.7). The findings replicated earlier results showing an association between cell phone use and behavioral problems at age 7 years, not limited to early users. Although the association was weaker in the new dataset, it remained after further control for an extended set of potential confounders.
Arendash GW et al. · 2012
The treatment reversed the very advanced brain β-amyloid aggregation/deposition in the transgenic mice. Both transgenic and normal mice showed increased general memory performance in the Y-maze, while brain temperature did not rise during exposure.
Zeni O et al. · 2012
When lymphocytes from six donors were pre-exposed to RF at 0.3W/kg SAR and then treated with MMC, these cells showed a significant reduction in the frequency of MN compared with cells treated with MMC alone, indicating adaptive response. An earlier study found that lymphocytes stimulated for 24h, exposed for 20h to a 900MHz RF GSM signal at 1.25W/kg SAR and then treated with 100ng/ml MMC also exhibited adaptive response. In the current study, cells from nine healthy human volunteers were stimulated for 24h with phytohaemagglutinin, exposed for 20h to a 1950MHz RF UMTS signal at SARs of 1.25, 0.6, 0.3, and 0.15W/kg, then treated at 48h with 100ng/ml mitomycin C, and micronuclei frequency was recorded at 72h using the cytokinesis-block method.
Yang L, Hao D, Wang M, Zeng Y, Wu S, Zeng Y. · 2012
Researchers exposed NIH/3T3 cells to 916 MHz continuous microwave radiation for 2 h per day at power densities of 10, 50, and 90 w/m(2). After 5 to 8 weeks, the exposed cells showed changes in morphology and proliferation and formed colonies in soft agar after another 3 to 4 weeks. When injected into SCID mice, the exposed cells produced lumps on the animals' backs after more than 4 weeks.
Tsybulin O, Sidorik E, Kyrylenko S, Henshel D, Yakymenko I. · 2012
Researchers exposed fresh fertilized Japanese quail eggs to GSM 900 MHz cell phone radiation at 0.2 μW/cm² for either 38 hours or 14 days. The 38-hour exposure significantly increased the number of differentiated somites, and the 14-day exposure significantly increased total embryo survival. Hatchlings from exposed eggs showed significantly higher levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in brain and liver tissue.
Tomitsch J, Dechant E. · 2012
Terro F et al. · 2012
Researchers exposed cultured cerebral cortical cells to GSM-900MHz at 0.25W/kg for 24 h using a wire-patch cell. Exposure caused a ~0.5°C temperature rise but did not induce apoptosis. HSC70 increased by 26% and HSP90 decreased slightly (<10%). α-synuclein decreased by 24% without changes in active lysosome localization, indicating independence from CMA. Similar effects were seen when cells were incubated at 37.5°C, suggesting the changes were due to temperature rise.
Sun W, Shen X, Lu D, Fu Y, Lu D, Chiang H · 2012
Researchers investigated the effects of 1.8-GHz RFR at different intensities on EGF receptor clustering and phosphorylation in human amniotic (FL) cells. Receptor clustering was analyzed by immunofluorescence with confocal microscopy, and phosphorylation was measured by western blot. Exposure at SAR 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 W/kg significantly induced clustering and phosphorylation, while SAR 0.1 W/kg had no significant effect. The authors concluded that membrane receptors may be a primary target of RFR, with a dose-rate threshold between 0.1 and 0.5 W/kg and a sigmoid dependence on intensity.
Solomentsev GY, English NJ, Mooney DA · 2012
Researchers performed non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations of a solvated 21-residue polyalanine peptide at 300 K and 1 bar with external electromagnetic fields at 2.45 GHz and electric field intensities of 0.01–0.05 V/Å. The peptide naturally tends to form stable secondary structure elements stabilized by tertiary interactions. External fields disrupted this behavior through localized dipolar alignment that enhanced hydrogen bond perturbations, causing more frequent transitions between shorter-lived conformational states. The study reported 16 independent 40-nanosecond trajectories starting from both extended and fully folded states.
Shahbazi-Gahrouei D et al. · 2012
Researchers evaluated how cell phone radiation affects chorionic gonadotropin immunoassays using human serum samples. Radiation altered measured serum levels, especially at 100, 250, and 500 mIU/mL concentrations. The higher 1.09 W/kg SAR exposure caused a significant loss compared to the lower 0.69 W/kg SAR exposure.
Sekeroğlu V, Akar A, Sekeroğlu ZA · 2012
Researchers investigated the cytogenotoxic effects of 1800 MHz electromagnetic fields on bone marrow cells of immature and mature rats over 45 days with a 15-day recovery period. Significant differences were observed in chromosome aberrations, micronucleus frequency, mitotic index, and polychromatic erythrocyte ratio in all treatment groups. A 15-day recovery period did not improve the cytogenotoxic damage in immature rats.
Ruan P, Yong J, Shen H, Zheng X · 2012
At ultra-low power densities of 15 μW/cm(2) and 31 μW/cm(2) with exposure up to 30 minutes, the cells showed no obvious real-time responses. At higher power densities of 1 mW/cm(2) and 5 mW/cm(2), the cells exhibited significant changes in shape, size, and hemoglobin absorption spectrum parameters.
Qin F et al. · 2012
Misa Agustiño MJ et al. · 2012
Fifty-four adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were individually exposed to 2.45 GHz radiation for 30 minutes in a GTEM cell at non-thermal SAR levels. Ninety minutes after exposure HSP-90 and HSP-70 decreased significantly at SAR values of 0.046±1.10 W/Kg and 0.104±5.10−3 W/Kg. Twenty-four hours after exposure HSP-90 had partially recovered and HSP-70 had recovered completely. There were few indications of lesions in the glandular structure and signs of apoptosis were negative in all radiated animals.
Lahham A, Hammash A. · 2012
Researchers measured radiofrequency power density at 65 locations across the West Bank. The average power density from FM radio was 0.148 μW cm(-2), from TV broadcasting 0.007 μW cm(-2), and from mobile phone base stations 0.089 μW cm(-2). The average total exposure from all sources was 0.37 μW cm(-2). The maximum total exposure at any location was 3.86 μW cm(-2), with an exposure quotient of 0.02, indicating compliance with international guidelines. FM radio contributed about 62% of total exposure, mobile phone base stations 35%, and TV broadcasting 3%.
Kumar S, Behari J, Sisodia R. · 2012
Researchers exposed 70-day-old male Wistar rats to 10 GHz microwave radiation for 2 h per day for 45 days at power density 0.21 mW/cm(2) and SAR of 0.014 W/kg, with a sham-exposed control group. Scanning electron microscopy revealed shrinkage of the seminiferous tubule lumen, and apoptotic bodies were present in the exposed group. Flow cytometry showed micronuclei formation in lymphocytes, comet assay confirmed DNA strand breaks, and testosterone levels were significantly decreased alongside testicular shrinkage.
Kumar S, Behari J, Sisodia R. · 2012
Researchers exposed 70-day-old male albino rats to 10-GHz EMF for 2 hours a day over 45 days. Creatine kinase phosphorylation increased in sperm after exposure. Melatonin and MDA levels decreased in exposed rats. The authors concluded that microwave exposure could adversely affect male fertility.
