Unknown authors · 2011
Researchers exposed human brain cancer cells to 50 Hz magnetic fields (the same frequency as power lines) for 24 hours, then treated them with a DNA-damaging chemical called menadione. The magnetic field pre-exposure made the chemical cause significantly more DNA damage and genetic mutations than the chemical alone. This suggests that power line frequency magnetic fields may make cells more vulnerable to other cancer-causing agents.
Ciejka E, Kleniewska P, Skibska B, Goraca A · 2011
Researchers exposed rats to 40 Hz magnetic fields at 7 mT (milliTesla) for either 30 or 60 minutes daily over 10 days to study brain cell damage. They found that shorter exposures (30 minutes) increased harmful oxidative stress markers in the brain, while longer exposures (60 minutes) triggered protective adaptation responses. This suggests that magnetic field exposure duration significantly affects how the brain responds to electromagnetic stress.
Ciejka E, Kleniewska P, Skibska B, Goraca A. · 2011
Researchers exposed rats to magnetic fields similar to therapeutic devices for 30 or 60 minutes daily. Thirty minutes caused brain cell damage, but sixty minutes activated protective responses. This shows exposure duration determines whether magnetic fields harm or help the brain adapt.
Emre M, Cetiner S, Zencir S, Unlukurt I, Kahraman I, Topcu Z · 2011
Researchers investigated the effect of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field exposure with pulse trains on lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress in rat liver tissue. The study used 30 adult male Wistar rats and measured plasma enzyme and protein levels, as well as apoptotic and necrotic cell percentages in kidney extracts. Oxidative stress indicators increased, and necrotic cell percentages were significantly lower in exposed animals compared to unexposed or sham control groups, though DNA ladder analyses did not differentiate between the groups.
Unknown authors · 2011
After 15 days, nine new proteins involved in cellular defense, organization, and proliferation appeared, including peroxiredoxin isoenzymes (2, 3, and 6), 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase, actin cytoplasmatic 2, t-complex protein subunit beta, ropporin-1A, profilin-2, and spindlin-1. ELF-MF exposure altered proliferative status, cell growth pattern, and cytoskeletal organization, supporting a hypothesis that ELF radiation could trigger a shift toward a more invasive phenotype.
Osera C et al. · 2011
Researchers investigated the effects of an electromagnetic wave at 2 mT and 75 Hz on human neuroblastoma cells overexpressing amyloid precursor protein (APP). After prolonged electromagnetic treatment, lower mitochondrial activity and proliferation rate were observed, resulting in higher cellular quiescence. The treatment was also associated with an overall increase of HSP70 and superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1), and with increased expression of the enzyme ADAM10 and enhanced release of the neurotrophic factor sAPPα. The researchers suggested a possible use of this physical stimulation to improve the functional capability of cells to face noxae.
Unknown authors · 2011
Researchers conducted a case-control study of 162 children with acute lymphocytic leukemia and 565 matched controls in São Paulo, Brazil. Exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields was assessed by measurements inside homes and distance to power lines. For 24-hour bedroom measurements, magnetic fields of 0.3 microtesla or higher showed no increased leukemia risk compared to levels below 0.1 microtesla (OR 1.09, 95% CI 0.33-3.61). Nighttime measurements gave an odds ratio of 1.52 (95% CI 0.46-5.01), while living within 200 meters of power lines gave an odds ratio of 1.67 (95% CI 0.49-5.75) and within 50 meters an odds ratio of 3.57 (95% CI 0.41-31.44).
Unknown authors · 2011
Researchers exposed female NMRI mice to a 50-Hz, 0.5 mT electromagnetic field for four hours per day, six days a week over two weeks. After eight days of exposure, the mice were superovulated with hormone injections, mated overnight, and blastocysts were flushed from the uterus at about four days post-mating. The exposed group had significantly fewer blastocysts than controls. DNA fragmentation in blastocyst cells was significantly higher in the exposed group (10.53% vs 7.14%). The numbers of blastomeres and pregnant mice did not differ significantly between groups.
Unknown authors · 2011
Researchers exposed pregnant mice to 50 Hz electromagnetic fields (the same frequency as power lines) for 2 weeks and found significant DNA damage in developing embryos. The EMF-exposed mice produced 47% more DNA fragmentation in their blastocysts compared to unexposed controls, and had fewer viable embryos overall.
Chu LY et al. · 2011
Researchers investigated whether extremely low frequency magnetic field (ELF-MF) induces lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species in mouse cerebellum. After exposure to 60 Hz ELF-MF at 2.3 mT intensity for 3 hours, malondialdehyde and hydroxyl radical levels increased significantly. The researchers concluded that ELF-MF may induce oxidative stress in mouse cerebellum, though the mechanism remains to be characterized.
Chu LY et al. · 2011
Researchers exposed mice to 60 Hz magnetic fields (the same frequency as household electricity) for 3 hours and found significant oxidative stress in the cerebellum, the brain region controlling movement and coordination. The magnetic field exposure increased harmful molecules called free radicals while depleting protective antioxidants like vitamin C. This suggests that magnetic fields from power lines and electrical devices may damage brain cells through oxidative stress.
Chu LY et al. · 2011
Researchers exposed mice to 60 Hz magnetic fields (the same frequency used in power lines and household electricity) for 3 hours and found significant oxidative stress in the brain's cerebellum. The magnetic field exposure increased harmful molecules that damage cells while decreasing protective antioxidants like vitamin C. This suggests that even short-term exposure to power-frequency magnetic fields can disrupt the brain's natural defense systems against cellular damage.
Unknown authors · 2011
Corbacio M et al. · 2011
Chen YB, Li J, Liu JY, Zeng LH, Wan Y, Li YR, Ren D, Guo GZ. · 2011
Researchers exposed male BALB/c mice to electromagnetic pulses at a peak intensity of 400 kV/m for a total of 200 pulses, then measured associative learning, oxidative stress in the brain, and serum chemistry. Associative learning was reduced significantly at 12 hours and 1 day after exposure compared with sham control, but recovered at 2 days post exposure. Lipid peroxidation and chemiluminescence intensity in brain tissue increased significantly, while activity of antioxidant enzymes decreased significantly, at 3 h, 6 h, 12 h and 1 d post EMP exposure, with all parameters recovering at 2 days. Pretreatment with TMG showed protective effects against EMP exposure.
Corbacio M et al. · 2011
Scientists tested 99 people performing memory tasks while exposed to strong 60 Hz magnetic fields. The magnetic field exposure blocked the normal learning improvement that occurs with practice on cognitive tests, suggesting these industrial-strength fields may interfere with the brain's ability to form new memories.
Unknown authors · 2011
Unknown authors · 2011
Unknown authors · 2011
Researchers exposed two Escherichia coli model systems to sinusoidal (SiMF) or pulsed-square wave (PMF) magnetic fields of various frequencies (20, 50, 75 Hz) and for different exposure times (15 and 90 min). Transposition of both mini-Tn10 and Tn5 decreased under SiMF and increased under PMF compared to sham exposure control. No significant difference was found between frequencies and between exposure times.
Patruno A et al. · 2011
The study estimated kinetic constants of catalase, cytochrome P450, and inducible nitric oxide synthase in human HaCaT and THP-1 cell lines exposed to ELF-EMF. To evaluate cellular responses to an inflammatory stimulus, both cell lines were treated with lipopolysaccharide. The effects of ELF-EMF depend upon frequency, amplitude, and length of exposure, and are also related to intrinsic susceptibility and responsiveness of different cell types.
Unknown authors · 2011
Over eight years, the VINČA Institute performed spot broadband measurements of ELF and RF fields in over 35 Serbian municipalities. The study was motivated by public requests for information about exposure levels in living spaces. Measured values in households under overhead power lines were far below the recommended safe levels.
Unknown authors · 2011
Serbian researchers measured extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic fields at 50 Hz in households located near overhead power lines across 35 municipalities over eight years. All measured values fell far below international safety guidelines established by ICNIRP. The study aimed to address public concerns about EMF exposure levels in residential areas near power infrastructure.
Unknown authors · 2011
Researchers analyzed singleton live births and stillbirths in metropolitan areas of Québec from 1998 to 2007, calculating residential distance to power transmission lines. They used generalized estimating equations to compute odds ratios for stillbirth across distance categories, accounting for individual and area factors. No association was found between distance and preterm stillbirth. Term stillbirth odds were higher for residences within 25 meters compared to 100 meters or more (OR 2.25, 95% CI 1.14 to 4.45), but no dose-response pattern appeared.
Unknown authors · 2011
Researchers exposed rats to ELF-MF at 60 Hz and 0.1 mT for durations of 24 hours and 1 or 2 weeks. Exposure altered the distribution and occurrence of gastrin, ghrelin, and somatostatin-positive endocrine cells in the stomach. Hormone secretion into blood did not change significantly with ELF-MF exposure. ELF-MF exposure for 1 and 2 weeks increased the BaSO4 suspension propelling ratio, indicating effects on gastrointestinal motility.
Lahijani MS, Bigdeli MR, Kalantary S. · 2011
Researchers investigated the effects of sinusoidal electromagnetic fields on the brain histopathology and structures of preincubated white leghorn chicken embryos. Three hundred fertilized eggs were divided into experimental, control, and sham groups, with the experimental eggs exposed to three different field intensities of 1.33, 2.66, and 7.32 mT for 24 hours before incubation. The results suggested that the electromagnetic fields induce brain damages at different levels.
