Unknown authors · 2012
Researchers examined nocturnal profiles of blood parameters including electrolytes, nonprotein nitrogenous compounds, and glucose in 15 men exposed chronically to 50-Hz magnetic fields for 1 to 20 years. The exposed group had weekly geometric mean exposures ranging from 0.1 to 2.6 μT. Results were compared to 15 unexposed men of similar age with exposures ranging from 0.004 to 0.092 μT. Exposed men showed significant changes in serum sodium, chloride, phosphorus, and glucose for exposures greater than 0.3 μT. The authors concluded that long-term exposure above 0.3 μT could induce biological modifications of certain blood parameters, though clinical relevance needs further investigation.
Unknown authors · 2012
French researchers tracked 15 healthy men exposed to 50 Hz magnetic fields (power line frequency) for up to 20 years, comparing their blood chemistry to unexposed controls. Men with exposures above 0.3 microtesla showed significant changes in sodium, chloride, phosphorus, and glucose levels during nighttime blood sampling. The study suggests long-term power frequency exposure may alter basic blood chemistry, though the health significance remains unclear.
Vannoni D et al. · 2012
Researchers cultured isolated human osteoarthritic chondrocytes in vitro, some stimulated with IL-1beta or IGF-1 to mimic osteoarthritis imbalance. The cells were exposed to extremely low frequency (100 Hz) electromagnetic fields and to Therapeutic Application of Musically Modulated Electromagnetic Fields (TAMMEF) with variable frequencies, intensities, and waveforms. Using flow cytometry, they tested effects on chondrocyte metabolism. Exposure to both systems enhanced cell proliferation and did not generate reactive oxygen species, cause glutathione depletion, change mitochondrial transmembrane potential, or induce apoptosis.
Unknown authors · 2012
Researchers used an in vitro retrotransposition assay on human neuroblastoma BE(2) cells exposed for 48h to 1mT, 50Hz PMF or sham exposure. They also measured γ-H2AX foci as a marker of DNA DSB in both exposed and sham-exposed samples. PMF-exposed cells had a lower number of both retrotransposition events and DNA DSB compared with sham-exposed samples.
Korpinar MA, Kalkan MT, Tuncel H. · 2012
Researchers exposed rats to 50 Hz magnetic fields (the same frequency as household electrical wiring) for 21 days and measured their anxiety levels using standard behavioral tests. The exposed rats showed significantly higher anxiety and stress-related behaviors compared to unexposed rats, spending much less time in open, exposed areas of test mazes. This suggests that prolonged exposure to power-frequency magnetic fields may increase stress responses in the brain.
Sakhnini L, Al Ali H, Al Qassab N, Al Arab E, Kamal A. · 2012
Researchers investigated the possible effect of ELF-EMFs on motor performance in prenatal and neonatal exposed mice. Motor performance was evaluated using rotarod experiments after 5 days of subacute exposure. Prenatal exposed groups showed a pronounced deficit in learning abilities, but no pronounced effect was observed for the neonatal exposed group.
Vignola MB et al. · 2012
Researchers evaluated the effect of pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) therapy on inflammatory biomarkers associated with oxidative stress in rats with experimental myopathy. Myopathy was induced by injecting 50 μl of 1% carrageenan, and PEMF treatment was applied at 20 mT and 50 Hz for 30 min/day/rat. PEMF treatment was associated with decreased levels of fibrinogen, L-citrulline, NO, SOD, and carbonyl groups and significant muscle recovery.
Unknown authors · 2012
Researchers exposed female Fischer 344 and Lewis rats to a 50 Hz, 100 μT magnetic field for two weeks. Whole genome microarray analysis of mammary gland tissue revealed decreased α-amylase, carbonic anhydrase 6, and lactoperoxidase gene expression, and increased cystatin E/M expression in exposed F344 rats but not in Lewis rats.
Unknown authors · 2012
German researchers exposed two different strains of female rats to power line frequency magnetic fields (50 Hz at 100 microTesla) for two weeks and analyzed gene expression changes in breast tissue. They found that Fischer 344 rats showed significant alterations in multiple genes related to pH regulation and tumor suppression, while Lewis rats showed no changes, suggesting genetic factors determine susceptibility to EMF effects.
Unknown authors · 2012
Unknown authors · 2012
Chinese researchers exposed fresh human sperm samples to 50 Hz electromagnetic fields (the same frequency as power lines) at 0.4 mT strength for different time periods. They found that EMF exposure significantly reduced sperm motility after both 15 and 60 minutes, while sperm pH remained unchanged. This suggests that even brief exposure to power-line frequency EMFs can impair sperm function.
Unknown authors · 2012
The study used 66 NMRI pregnant females divided into treated and non-treated groups. The treated group was exposed to ELF-EMF at 50 Hz and 6×10-3 T. Embryos were collected by flushing the uterine horn and Fallopian tubes on day 3 of gestation. There was no significant difference in the mean number of blastocysts between treated and none treated groups. Exposed blastocysts had significantly fewer total cells, ICM cells, and TE cells, while the ICM/TE ratio increased.
Unknown authors · 2012
Researchers evaluated compensatory plasticity in the cockroach Periplaneta americana after sensory nerve injury and assessed the effect of electromagnetic field exposure (EMF, 50 Hz, 7 mT) and TGF-β. Ablation of the right cercus increased activity in the left presynaptic part of the sensory path.
Fournier NM, Mach QH, Whissell PD, Persinger MA. · 2012
Pregnant Wistar rats were continuously exposed to one of four intensities of a complex magnetic field throughout gestation. Exposure to weaker or stronger intensities of the same field pattern did not interfere with hippocampal development or fear behavior.
Korpinar MA, Kalkan MT, Tuncel H. · 2012
Anxiety and stress-related behavioral changes were investigated by elevated plus-maze and hole-board systems. In the elevated plus-maze, exposed rats spent proportionally less time on open arms than control rats (0.12±0.08 versus 0.34±0.18, p <0.01), while hole-board results showed no statistically significant differences between the two groups.
Rauš S, Selaković V, Radenović L, Prolić Z, Janać B. · 2012
Researchers studied how an extremely low frequency magnetic field affects motor behaviour in 3-month-old Mongolian gerbils that had undergone global cerebral ischemia. After a 10-minute blockage of both common carotid arteries, gerbils were continuously exposed to ELF-MF at 50 Hz and 0.5 mT for 7 days, and their behaviour was monitored on days 1, 2, 4, 7, and 14 after reperfusion. Ischemia alone caused significant increases in locomotion, stereotypy, and rotations, along with decreased immobility, up to day 4 after reperfusion compared to control gerbils. ELF-MF exposure inhibited ischemia-induced motor hyperactivity throughout the observation period, though significantly only in the first 2 days after reperfusion.
Rageh MM, El-Gebaly RH, El-Bialy NS. · 2012
Researchers exposed newborn rats continuously to a 50 Hz, 0.5 mT extremely low-frequency magnetic field for 30 days, starting when the rats were 10 days old. DNA damage in brain cells, measured by comet assay, was significantly higher in the exposed group. Exposure was associated with a significant four-fold increase in micronucleus induction and about a three-fold increase in mitotic index in bone marrow cells. Exposed rats also showed significantly higher levels of MDA and SOD, while ELF-MF failed to alter the activity of GSH.
Tasset I et al. · 2012
Researchers investigated the neuroprotective effects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELFEF) in a rat model of Huntington's disease induced by 3-nitropropionic acid (3NP). Rats were given 3NP over four consecutive days at 20 mg/kg body weight, and ELFEF at 60 Hz and 0.7 mT was applied over 21 days, starting after the last injection. Rats treated with 3NP showed significant differences in behavior, neurotrophic factor levels, oxidative stress biomarkers, and reduced neuronal density compared with neuronal controls. ELFEF improved neurological scores, enhanced neurotrophic factor levels, and reduced both oxidative damage and neuronal loss in 3NP-treated rats.
Tasset I et al. · 2012
Researchers exposed rats with Huntington's disease-like symptoms to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (60 Hz at 0.7 milliTesla) for 21 days. The EMF exposure improved the rats' neurological function, increased protective brain proteins, and prevented nerve cell death in the brain region most affected by Huntington's disease. This suggests that specific types of EMF exposure might have therapeutic potential for neurodegenerative diseases.
Hong MN et al. · 2012
Researchers exposed MCF10A human breast epithelial cells to 1 mT of 60 Hz ELF-MF for 4 hours and measured intracellular ROS level, SOD activity, and GSH/GSSG ratio. The ELF-MF exposed cells showed no statistically significant changes in these parameters compared to incubator controls or sham-exposed cells. In contrast, ionizing radiation exposed cells showed marked changes in ROS level, SOD activity, and GSH/GSSG ratio, and were positive for morphological changes and SA-β-Gal activity.
Unknown authors · 2012
Researchers used sixty-four four-month-old male Wistar rats divided into eight groups of eight rats each. Seven groups were exposed to varying dosages of manganese and a 50 Hz magnetic field of approximately 1 mT, while the last group served as a cage control. The study investigated interactions between the magnetic field and manganese and the elements calcium, zinc, magnesium, and phosphorus thought to be involved in caries in rat teeth. Levels of calcium, magnesium, zinc, and phosphorus in the experimental group rats were different from those in the control group.
McCarty DE et al. · 2011
Unknown authors · 2011
Unknown authors · 2011
This 2011 review examined animal studies on extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic fields like those from power lines, focusing on potential health risks to children. Researchers found that while childhood leukemia shows consistent association with ELF exposure in human studies, animal experiments have provided limited supporting evidence, partly because most didn't use appropriate leukemia models or expose animals during the critical pregnancy period when childhood leukemia may originate.
Unknown authors · 2011
Researchers exposed human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells to 50 Hz magnetic fields at 100 µT for 24 hours followed by chemical exposure for 3 hours. The chemicals used were menadione and methyl methanesulphonate to induce DNA damage and micronucleus formation. Pre-treatment with magnetic fields enhanced menadione-induced DNA damage, DNA repair rate, and micronucleus formation. Similar effects were seen with methyl methanesulphonate but were not statistically significant. No effects were observed from magnetic field exposure alone.
