Nittby H et al. · 2012
Researchers exposed land snails to cell phone radiation at 1900 MHz for one hour and tested their response to heat-induced pain. The exposed snails showed reduced sensitivity to thermal pain compared to unexposed controls, suggesting the radiofrequency radiation acted as a pain reliever. This finding indicates that non-thermal levels of cell phone radiation can alter nervous system responses in living organisms.
Joseph W, Goeminne F, Vermeeren G, Verloock L, Martens L. · 2012
Researchers assessed electromagnetic exposure from 14 types of air traffic control systems for both workers and the general public. In total, 50 sites were investigated at 1,073 locations in the frequency range of 255 kHz to 24 GHz. Two system types, Non-Directional Beacons (up to 881.6 V m) and DVOR (up to 92.3 V m), exhibited levels requiring recommended minimum distances so that ICNIRP reference levels are not exceeded. When multiple radiofrequency sources were present together, the air traffic control source was found to dominate total exposure in its neighborhood.
Lahham A, Hammash A. · 2012
Researchers measured radiofrequency power density at 65 locations across the West Bank. The average power density from FM radio was 0.148 μW cm(-2), from TV broadcasting 0.007 μW cm(-2), and from mobile phone base stations 0.089 μW cm(-2). The average total exposure from all sources was 0.37 μW cm(-2). The maximum total exposure at any location was 3.86 μW cm(-2), with an exposure quotient of 0.02, indicating compliance with international guidelines. FM radio contributed about 62% of total exposure, mobile phone base stations 35%, and TV broadcasting 3%.
Sakhnini L, Al Ali H, Al Qassab N, Al Arab E, Kamal A. · 2012
Researchers investigated the possible effect of ELF-EMFs on motor performance in prenatal and neonatal exposed mice. Motor performance was evaluated using rotarod experiments after 5 days of subacute exposure. Prenatal exposed groups showed a pronounced deficit in learning abilities, but no pronounced effect was observed for the neonatal exposed group.
Vignola MB et al. · 2012
Researchers evaluated the effect of pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) therapy on inflammatory biomarkers associated with oxidative stress in rats with experimental myopathy. Myopathy was induced by injecting 50 μl of 1% carrageenan, and PEMF treatment was applied at 20 mT and 50 Hz for 30 min/day/rat. PEMF treatment was associated with decreased levels of fibrinogen, L-citrulline, NO, SOD, and carbonyl groups and significant muscle recovery.
Elwood JM. · 2012
An extensive study investigated the health of embassy staff and their families, comparing Moscow embassy staff with staff in other Eastern European US embassies. The resulting large report has never been published in peer reviewed literature. The extensive study reports on mortality and morbidity, recorded on medical records and by regular examinations, and on self-reported symptoms. Exposure levels were low, but similar or greater than present-day exposures to radiofrequencies sources such as cell phone base stations. The conclusions were that no adverse health effects of the radiation were shown.
Unknown authors · 2012
Researchers exposed female Fischer 344 and Lewis rats to a 50 Hz, 100 μT magnetic field for two weeks. Whole genome microarray analysis of mammary gland tissue revealed decreased α-amylase, carbonic anhydrase 6, and lactoperoxidase gene expression, and increased cystatin E/M expression in exposed F344 rats but not in Lewis rats.
Unknown authors · 2012
German researchers exposed two different strains of female rats to power line frequency magnetic fields (50 Hz at 100 microTesla) for two weeks and analyzed gene expression changes in breast tissue. They found that Fischer 344 rats showed significant alterations in multiple genes related to pH regulation and tumor suppression, while Lewis rats showed no changes, suggesting genetic factors determine susceptibility to EMF effects.
Unknown authors · 2012
Unknown authors · 2012
Chinese researchers exposed fresh human sperm samples to 50 Hz electromagnetic fields (the same frequency as power lines) at 0.4 mT strength for different time periods. They found that EMF exposure significantly reduced sperm motility after both 15 and 60 minutes, while sperm pH remained unchanged. This suggests that even brief exposure to power-line frequency EMFs can impair sperm function.
Unknown authors · 2012
The study used 66 NMRI pregnant females divided into treated and non-treated groups. The treated group was exposed to ELF-EMF at 50 Hz and 6×10-3 T. Embryos were collected by flushing the uterine horn and Fallopian tubes on day 3 of gestation. There was no significant difference in the mean number of blastocysts between treated and none treated groups. Exposed blastocysts had significantly fewer total cells, ICM cells, and TE cells, while the ICM/TE ratio increased.
Unknown authors · 2012
Researchers evaluated compensatory plasticity in the cockroach Periplaneta americana after sensory nerve injury and assessed the effect of electromagnetic field exposure (EMF, 50 Hz, 7 mT) and TGF-β. Ablation of the right cercus increased activity in the left presynaptic part of the sensory path.
Aldad TS, Gan G, Gao XB, Taylor HS · 2012
Researchers used a mouse model to examine whether in-utero radiofrequency exposure from cellular telephones affects adult behavior. Mice exposed in the womb were hyperactive and had impaired memory, as measured using the object recognition, light/dark box, and step-down assays. The exposed mice also had dose-responsive impaired glutamatergic synaptic transmission onto layer V pyramidal neurons of the prefrontal cortex.
Lu Y et al. · 2012
Researchers exposed Wistar rats to 2.45 GHz pulsed microwave irradiation at a power density of 1 mW/cm2 for 3 hours per day for up to 30 days. Microwave exposure induced spatial learning and memory impairments in rats, and reduced hippocampal glucose uptake in the absence or presence of insulin. Blood glucose and insulin levels were not affected, but spatial memory deficits were reversed by systemic glucose treatment.
Nazıroğlu M et al. · 2012
Researchers divided rats into four groups: a cage control, a sham control, a group exposed to 2.45 GHz electromagnetic radiation, and a group exposed to the same radiation while also receiving melatonin. The radiation-exposed groups received that exposure for 60 minutes per day for 30 days, after which brain cortex and dorsal root ganglion samples and EEG recordings were collected. Lipid peroxidation, cell viability, and cytosolic calcium values in dorsal root ganglion neurons were higher in the radiation-only group than in the control groups. The melatonin-plus-radiation group showed lower EEG spike numbers and higher brain cortex vitamin E concentration compared with the radiation-only group.
Yang XS, He GL, Hao YT, Xiao Y, Chen CH, Zhang GB, Yu ZP. · 2012
Researchers exposed adult male Sprague-Dawley rats to a 2.45 GHz electromagnetic field at a specific absorption rate of 6 W/kg, or to sham conditions, then examined gene and protein expression in the hippocampus. Of 2048 candidate genes examined, 23 were upregulated and 18 were downregulated. Two heat shock proteins, HSP27 and HSP70, stood out because their expression levels were increased in the rat hippocampus. The researchers concluded that their data provide direct evidence that exposure to electromagnetic fields elicits a stress response in the rat hippocampus.
Fournier NM, Mach QH, Whissell PD, Persinger MA. · 2012
Pregnant Wistar rats were continuously exposed to one of four intensities of a complex magnetic field throughout gestation. Exposure to weaker or stronger intensities of the same field pattern did not interfere with hippocampal development or fear behavior.
Korpinar MA, Kalkan MT, Tuncel H. · 2012
Anxiety and stress-related behavioral changes were investigated by elevated plus-maze and hole-board systems. In the elevated plus-maze, exposed rats spent proportionally less time on open arms than control rats (0.12±0.08 versus 0.34±0.18, p <0.01), while hole-board results showed no statistically significant differences between the two groups.
Rauš S, Selaković V, Radenović L, Prolić Z, Janać B. · 2012
Researchers studied how an extremely low frequency magnetic field affects motor behaviour in 3-month-old Mongolian gerbils that had undergone global cerebral ischemia. After a 10-minute blockage of both common carotid arteries, gerbils were continuously exposed to ELF-MF at 50 Hz and 0.5 mT for 7 days, and their behaviour was monitored on days 1, 2, 4, 7, and 14 after reperfusion. Ischemia alone caused significant increases in locomotion, stereotypy, and rotations, along with decreased immobility, up to day 4 after reperfusion compared to control gerbils. ELF-MF exposure inhibited ischemia-induced motor hyperactivity throughout the observation period, though significantly only in the first 2 days after reperfusion.
Rageh MM, El-Gebaly RH, El-Bialy NS. · 2012
Researchers exposed newborn rats continuously to a 50 Hz, 0.5 mT extremely low-frequency magnetic field for 30 days, starting when the rats were 10 days old. DNA damage in brain cells, measured by comet assay, was significantly higher in the exposed group. Exposure was associated with a significant four-fold increase in micronucleus induction and about a three-fold increase in mitotic index in bone marrow cells. Exposed rats also showed significantly higher levels of MDA and SOD, while ELF-MF failed to alter the activity of GSH.
Tasset I et al. · 2012
Researchers investigated the neuroprotective effects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELFEF) in a rat model of Huntington's disease induced by 3-nitropropionic acid (3NP). Rats were given 3NP over four consecutive days at 20 mg/kg body weight, and ELFEF at 60 Hz and 0.7 mT was applied over 21 days, starting after the last injection. Rats treated with 3NP showed significant differences in behavior, neurotrophic factor levels, oxidative stress biomarkers, and reduced neuronal density compared with neuronal controls. ELFEF improved neurological scores, enhanced neurotrophic factor levels, and reduced both oxidative damage and neuronal loss in 3NP-treated rats.
Tasset I et al. · 2012
Researchers exposed rats with Huntington's disease-like symptoms to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (60 Hz at 0.7 milliTesla) for 21 days. The EMF exposure improved the rats' neurological function, increased protective brain proteins, and prevented nerve cell death in the brain region most affected by Huntington's disease. This suggests that specific types of EMF exposure might have therapeutic potential for neurodegenerative diseases.
Misa Agustiño MJ et al. · 2012
Fifty-four adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were individually exposed to 2.45 GHz radiation for 30 minutes in a GTEM cell at non-thermal SAR levels. Ninety minutes after exposure HSP-90 and HSP-70 decreased significantly at SAR values of 0.046±1.10 W/Kg and 0.104±5.10−3 W/Kg. Twenty-four hours after exposure HSP-90 had partially recovered and HSP-70 had recovered completely. There were few indications of lesions in the glandular structure and signs of apoptosis were negative in all radiated animals.
Hong MN et al. · 2012
Researchers exposed MCF10A human breast epithelial cells to 1 mT of 60 Hz ELF-MF for 4 hours and measured intracellular ROS level, SOD activity, and GSH/GSSG ratio. The ELF-MF exposed cells showed no statistically significant changes in these parameters compared to incubator controls or sham-exposed cells. In contrast, ionizing radiation exposed cells showed marked changes in ROS level, SOD activity, and GSH/GSSG ratio, and were positive for morphological changes and SA-β-Gal activity.
Kwon MK, Kim SK, Koo JM, Choi JY, Kim DW. · 2012
The study used a double-blind design with 17 EHS and 20 non-EHS volunteers exposed to real and sham RF-EMF sessions. There was no indication that EHS subjects perceive RF-EMFs better than non-EHS subjects. Exposure used a WCDMA module at 1950 MHz with an average power of 24 dBm and a specific absorption rate of 1.57 W/kg for 32 min.
