Unknown authors · 2009
Researchers exposed MCF-7 breast cancer cells from two sources to homogeneous 50-Hz electromagnetic fields at 1.2 microT. Gene expression was measured using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Exposure markedly increased urokinase plasminogen activator and plasminogen-activator inhibitor-1 expression, marginally increased the urokinase receptor in one cell line, and slightly decreased tissue plasminogen activator expression. The authors suggest that EMFs may increase the metastatic potential of breast tumors.
Unknown authors · 2009
German researchers exposed breast cancer cells to 50 Hz electromagnetic fields at 1.2 microTesla (similar to power line levels) and found the EMF increased production of proteins that help cancer spread to other parts of the body. The study suggests that common household electromagnetic field exposure might make existing breast tumors more likely to metastasize.
Strasák L, Bártová E, Krejci J, Fojt L, Vetterl V. · 2009
Researchers exposed female and male laboratory mice for 4 days to a 50 Hz magnetic field at 2 mT inside a cylindrical coil. After exposure, levels of the proteins c-Jun and c-Fos in different parts of the brain were measured using Western-blot techniques. The expression of c-Jun decreased after magnetic field exposure, while c-Fos expression was not affected, and neither result depended on the sex of the mice.
Strasák L, Bártová E, Krejci J, Fojt L, Vetterl V. · 2009
Researchers exposed laboratory mice to extremely low frequency magnetic fields (50 Hz at 2 milliTesla) for four days and measured changes in brain proteins. They found that exposure decreased levels of c-Jun, a protein involved in cellular stress responses and gene regulation, while another protein (c-Fos) remained unchanged. This suggests that even short-term exposure to magnetic fields can alter brain biochemistry at the cellular level.
Unknown authors · 2009
Researchers investigated whether ELF-MF exposure could increase DnaK and GroEL protein levels in E. coli cells that lack a classic heat shock response. The cells showed enhanced DnaK and GroEL protein levels after 30 or 90 minutes of sinusoidal 50 Hz, 1 mT ELF-MF exposure. The result suggests the HSP induction pathway from ELF-MF exposure may differ from the heat shock pathway.
Budak GG et al. · 2009
Researchers studied 18 pregnant and 18 non-pregnant New Zealand White rabbits, randomly divided into four groups. Nine pregnant and nine non-pregnant rabbits were exposed to 1800 MHz GSM-like RFR for 15 minutes daily over 7 days, while the remaining rabbits were not exposed. Cochlear function was measured using distortion product otoacoustic emissions at frequencies from 1.0 to 8.0 kHz. In pregnant rabbits, DPOAE amplitudes did not differ between exposed and unexposed groups except at 2.0 kHz. In non-pregnant rabbits, exposed animals showed lower DPOAE amplitudes at 1.0 to 4.0 kHz compared to unexposed animals.
Billaudel B, Taxile M, Ruffie G, Veyret B, Lagroye I. · 2009
Researchers exposed murine L-929 fibroblasts to DAMPS and GSM signals at various SARs using different exposure set-ups and measured ODC activity via 14CO2 generation from 14C-labeled L-ornithine. Exposure to 50 Hz-modulated DAMPS-835 at 2.5 W/kg for one hour in TEM cells and at 6 W/kg with temperature control showed no significant alteration in ODC activity. In the second part, no alteration of ODC activity was detected with 217 Hz modulated GSM-900 (wire-patch antenna) or GSM-1800 (waveguides) when cells were lysed before measurement. The researchers concluded that under their exposure conditions, DAMPS-835 and GSM signals have no influence on ODC activity in L-929 cells.
Unknown authors · 2009
Researchers exposed 18 male and 18 female rats to 50 Hz magnetic fields at 1000 microT, 100 microT, and 0 microT, and another 18 male and 18 female rats to 1.8 GHz fields at 50 V/m, 25 V/m, and 0 V/m. They measured glucose, triglycerides, and total cholesterol. Different effects on circadian rhythms were observed, with changes in those haematochemical parameters (P < 0.05).
Unknown authors · 2009
Italian researchers exposed rats to both 50 Hz magnetic fields (like power lines) and 1.8 GHz electromagnetic fields (like cell phones) at various intensities. They found that both types of EMF exposure disrupted the natural daily rhythms of blood chemistry markers including glucose, triglycerides, and cholesterol. This suggests EMF exposure interferes with fundamental biological timing systems that regulate metabolism.
Unknown authors · 2009
Researchers exposed rats to different electromagnetic fields - 50 Hz magnetic fields at power line frequencies and 1.8 GHz radiofrequency fields similar to cell phones. They found that both types of EMF exposure disrupted the natural daily rhythms of blood chemistry markers like glucose, triglycerides, and cholesterol. This suggests EMF exposure interferes with fundamental biological timing systems.
Unknown authors · 2009
Italian researchers exposed rats to both 50 Hz power line magnetic fields (at household appliance levels) and 1.8 GHz cell phone radiation, then measured blood chemistry markers like glucose and cholesterol throughout 24-hour cycles. Both types of EMF disrupted the animals' natural daily rhythms of these important metabolic markers. This suggests EMF exposure may interfere with fundamental biological timing systems that regulate metabolism.
Billaudel B et al. · 2009
Researchers exposed human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells to DAMPS and GSM signals using waveguide systems. No change in ODC activity was observed regardless of signal type, duration, or SAR.
Hansteen IL et al. · 2009
The aim was to test if exposure used in mobile phones and wireless network technologies would induce DNA damage in cultured human lymphocytes with and without a known clastogen. Lymphocytes from six donors were exposed to 2.3 GHz, 10 W/m(2) continuous waves, or 2.3 GHz, 10 W/m(2) pulsed waves (200 Hz pulse frequency, 50% duty cycle). Mitomycin C was added to half of the cultures. No statistically significant differences were observed between control and exposed cultures. A weak trend for more chromosomal damage with the interaction of pulsed fields with mitomycin C compared to a constant field was observed.
Unknown authors · 2009
A morbidity study in a Rome district under a 60 kV line included 345 subjects resident between 1954 and 2003, excluding those deceased before 1998. Residential magnetic field levels were estimated from current load, line characteristics, and distance from the power line, and the area was divided into sub-areas with differing levels. Standardized morbidity ratios were computed from hospital discharge records for 1998 to 2003. Non statistically significant increases were observed for all and primary cancers, while primary cancers were significantly increased among subjects with more than 30 years' residence and latency, and no increase was seen in neoplastic haematological diseases.
Budak GG, Muluk NB, Budak B, Oztürk GG, Apan A, Seyhan N. · 2009
Lipping T et al. · 2009
Eleven pigs were anaesthetized to a burst-suppression EEG level and exposed to a GSM mobile phone signal at 890 MHz. In phase I, EMF stimulation was randomly switched on and off to study the relation between EEG bursts and EMF onsets and endpoints. In phase II, continuous RF stimulation at 31 W/kg was applied for 10 minutes while ECG, EEG, and subcutaneous temperature were recorded. No correlation between exposure and EEG burst occurrences was observed in phase I, and no significant EEG changes were found in phase II. Subcutaneous temperature increased by 1.6°C and heart rate by 14.2 bpm on average during the 10-minute exposure periods.
Lipping T et al. · 2009
Researchers exposed eleven anesthetized pigs to mobile phone radiation at 890 MHz to test whether radiofrequency signals could trigger brain activity changes in a highly sensitive state. They found no correlation between RF exposure and brain wave patterns, though the animals experienced significant temperature increases (1.6°C) and elevated heart rates during the 10-minute exposures. This suggests that while RF radiation can cause heating effects, it may not directly stimulate brain activity even under conditions of heightened neural sensitivity.
Unknown authors · 2009
Researchers exposed human peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 20 volunteers to extremely low frequency (ELF) and Therapeutic Application of Musically Modulated Electromagnetic Fields (TAMMEFs) in vitro. ELF fields were 100 Hz, while TAMMEFs had variable frequencies, intensities, and wave shapes. Adenylate kinase activity increased after ELF exposure and decreased slightly after TAMMEF exposure, but ecto-5′-nucleotidase, adenosine deaminase, and adenosine kinase activities were unchanged.
Unknown authors · 2009
Researchers exposed human blood immune cells to two types of electromagnetic fields: standard 100 Hz extremely low frequency (ELF) fields and therapeutic musically modulated fields (TAMMEFs). The ELF exposure increased activity of adenylate kinase, an enzyme crucial for cellular energy balance, while the therapeutic fields slightly decreased it.
Cao Y, Xu Q, Lu MX, Jin ZD, DU HB, Li JX, Nie JH, Tong J. · 2009
Researchers treated male Kunning mice with low-dose microwave radiation before exposing them to gamma-ray irradiation, then measured survival, blood parameters, and markers of bone marrow activity. Mice pre-exposed to 120 microW/cm² 900 MHz microwave had a higher 30-day survival rate and more white blood cells compared with gamma-ray-treated mice that did not receive microwave pre-exposure. The microwave pre-exposure group also showed increases in thymus and spleen organ indexes, bone marrow cell proliferation activity, CFU-GM hematopoietic foci numbers, and serum concentrations of GM-CSF and IL-3. The researchers suggested that low-dose microwave radiation may exert potential antagonistic effects on hematopoietic injuries induced by ionizing radiation.
Del Vecchio G et al. · 2009
Researchers studied the effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure on neuronal maturation using two in vitro models: murine SN56 cholinergic cells and rat primary cortical neurons. Cells were exposed at 1 W/kg at 900 MHz GSM modulated, and neurite emission, outgrowth, and branching were examined at multiple time points. RF-EMF exposure reduced the number of neurites in both cell systems, and this reduction correlated with increased expression of beta-thymosin mRNA.
Gajski G, Garaj-Vrhovac V. · 2009
Researchers investigated whether bee venom could protect against DNA damage caused by 915-MHz microwave radiation in Wistar rat lymphocytes. Whole blood lymphocytes were treated with 1 μg/mL bee venom before irradiation, and comet assays were used to assess basal and oxidative DNA damage. Bee venom showed a decrease in DNA damage compared with irradiated samples, and was found to have a radioprotective effect against both basal and oxidative DNA damage.
Luukkonen J et al. · 2009
Researchers exposed human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells to 872 MHz radiofrequency radiation at 5 W/kg for 1 hour, combined with menadione, a chemical that induces intracellular ROS production and DNA damage. Continuous-wave RF radiation increased DNA breakage compared to cells exposed only to menadione, and ROS levels were higher at 30 and 60 minutes after exposure ended. No effects of the GSM signal were seen on either ROS production or DNA damage.
Bas O, Odaci E, Kaplan S, Acer N, Ucok K, Colakoglu S · 2009
Researchers investigated the number of pyramidal cells in the hippocampus of 16-week-old female rats following postnatal exposure to 900 MHz EMF. Rats in the EMF group were exposed to 900 MHz EMF for 1 hour per day for 28 days, with a SAR ranging from 0.016 (whole body) to 2 W/kg (locally in the head). Postnatal EMF exposure caused a significant decrease of the pyramidal cell number in the CA, and cell loss was also visible at qualitative observation.
de Tommaso M et al. · 2009
Researchers evaluated whether 900 MHz GSM phone exposure changed a brain electrical measure called the initial contingent negative variation (iCNV) in healthy volunteers using a double blind design. Ten healthy right-handed volunteers were evaluated, each recorded during a 10 min time interval in each of the three experimental conditions: a real emitting phone, a sham phone whose power was dissipated internally, and a phone switched off. The iCNV amplitude decreased and habituation increased during both the real and sham phone conditions compared with the off condition, with no significant prevalence of iCNV amplitude reduction on the left side, where the phones were located.
